1) Name your climate-friendly factors.
Geographical position, sleepy radiation, circulation of increased masses, surface that underlays, proximity of seas and oceans, sea currents, elevation above the sea level, straight mountain ranges and lances, anthropogenic influx.
Food at the paragraph
* By a little tell, how sleepy radiation is spread, which comes to the earth's surface. What is responsible for the presence of sleepy radiation on the surface of the Earth? Explain how the amount of sony radiation is divided, fallow in the geographical latitude of the city.
Radiation should come from the Sun as direct exchanges - 100%. Part of the radiation is seen in the surface of the atmosphere (5%), hmar (22%), earth (3%) - in outer space. 45% of the earth's surface as direct exchanges - this is direct sony radiation. A quarter of the radiation is diffused by the atmosphere (25%). Rozpodil sleepy radiation on the earth's surface to lie in the geographical latitude of the city. From the poles to the equator, the radiation increases, because the more the kut, the more sony exchanges fall on the surface of the Earth, the more the heat fits into the surface of the earth. Depending on the latitude of the place, lay the tidality of the day in different times of rock, which also determines the amount of sleepy radiation that comes to the earth's surface.
* Guess from the course of the geography of the continents and the oceans, as the main land masses are called. Yakі povіtryаnі masi can work in pomirnih latitudes?
The main areas of coverage are equatorial, tropical, submerged, arctic and antarctic. At pomirnih latitudes panuyut pomirnі povіtryanі masses, but can penetrate arctic and tropic VM.
* It is important to turn the card and tell it, as if it were shown that the masses are transporting over the European part of Russia and to Siberia a charge, and like an influx.
Over the European part of the influx, that vzimka panuyut pomirnі povitryany masses from the Atlantic Ocean. Vzimku іz pіvnоchі can penetrate arctic povіtryanі masi. Over the greater part of Siberia, there is a fluffy continental panorama of submerged latitudes. On the pivnoch, the continental arctic winds are transported.
Question in the end of the paragraph
1. What are the climatic factors that affect the climate of our country?
Geographical position, sleepy radiation, circulation of increased masses, surface that underlays, proximity of seas and oceans, sea currents, altitude of the sea above the sea level, directly from the mountainous lances and ridges, anthropogenic inflows.
2. What is total sleepy radiation? What to lie down?
The vast amount of sony energy that reaches the Earth is called total radiation. Won to lie in the geographical latitude of the mine, I will become the atmosphere, the nature of the surface that supports it.
3. What is the transformation of the affected masses?
Transformation of the resurfaced masses - step-by-step change of the authorities of the resurfaced masses under the influx of the surface, which supports.
4. What are the atmospheric fronts for Russia? How stink to go through the tax and vlіtku?
On the territory of Russia there are arctic and polar fronts. Influx of the arctic front zachіpaє only pіvnіch Skhіdnogo Sibіru and Distant Gathering. The polar front at the same time to pass in the afternoon of the Russian region, through Pivdenniy Sibir and the pivden of a distant descent. Vzimku arctic front torkaetsya arctic islands and the pacific coast of the country. The polar front is filling up the borders of Russia and is shifting to the sun.
5. What makes a cyclone look like an anticyclone? For some regions of the country, cyclonic weather is typical, and for some anticyclonic weather?
Cyclones are tse vortices with a low middle grip, and anticyclones are with a high middle grip. Winter cyclonic activity is active over the Barents Sea, the Kara Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk, over the peninsular-western part of the Russian River. At the period of cyclones, the Distant Descent and Sunset of the Russian Rivnina develop. Anticyclonic weather is forming near the Skhidny Sibir. Vzimku and vlіtku anticyclones are formed on the pivdni of the Russian rіvnina.
A lot of sleepy radiation without any middle lie in the latitudinal camp of the state. The territory of the Russian Federation is hoarse at 77° and 41° pivnіnії latitude: the greater part of the subarctic subarctic zone, which is meant to reach large temperature amplitudes fallow in the changing season.
The amount of sony radiation increases directly from day to night, so at the last point of air pollution in Russia, the average total level of radiation becomes approximately 120 kcal / cm2, even as at the last day of the day, such indications are smaller.
Influx of geographic expansion
Obsyagi sonyachnoi radiatsii, and navit rozpodіl circulatsiy povitryanih masses to lie down in the state become the sovereignty of the nearest oceans. As we know, Russia is washed by two oceans - Pivnichny Lodovity and Quiet. The state of the Pacific Ocean shows a gloomy, windy and cold weather on the Far Descent.
Povіtryanі masi, where you pour in the Pivnіchny Frozen Ocean, most often determine the weather over the territory of Russia, to the Ural Mountains. The climate of the European part of the state lies in the processes that occur near the Pivnichnaya Atlantic.
Injection to the relief on the climate
The relief of the territory of Russia, the zocrema of the kilka of the mountain systems, the lower reaches, the plains and the heights, also add to the climatic processes. So, for example, in the mountains and on the territories, as if they lie down to them, the cyclones inflow significantly increase.
Steps rose under the height of the climate on the dry land to lie down in front of the altitude of the mountain. So the high mountains of the Caucasus signify the climatic minds of the greater great lands, the lower low mountains of the Urals and Altai. On the plain territories of the lower reaches and highlands do not give such cardinal powers to the climate.
Atmospheric front
Atmospheric fronts are blamed for the stagnation of various weathered masses. For Russia, there are two types of atmospheric fronts, which signify three types of inverted masses - polar and arctic fronts. The arctic front is formed near the pivnіchnyh regions of the state through the stagnation of wind flows in the dead latitudes and the arctic wind.
The polar front is migrating in the primeval regions of Russia as a symbiosis of the increased masses of the tropical and submerged latitudes. The reason for the sharp change in temperature indications, moisture and vice is cyclonite and anticyclone. In the winter period, near Pivnichny Skhod, Transbaikalia, Baikal and Middle Siberia, anticyclones prevail. Cyclones panuet at the same time in Kamchatka, the Kuril Islands and the Kaliningrad region.
Also, the climate of Russia lies in the form of high light hydrometeorological changes, ice cream, ice-floe tanning in the wake of increased sleepy radiation, transformation in the structure of the earth's measles, depletion of the ozone layer.
ORG. Moment
II. Learning new topics
Climatic mind you may have a great influx on all the components of nature, on the life of that gospodarsku diyalnist people. Therefore, it is important for the successful development of that territory to know the peculiarities of the climate, remember to explain them, and you can change them.
The climate of our country is breathtaking with great diversity. Chotiri groups of factors are poured onto the molding: geographic location, sony radiation, circulation, which is applied to the surface.
1. Inflow of geographical expansion. The main features of the climate are assigned to us in front of the geographical expansion of the territory. Among them, such peculiarities of the climate of our land are caused, the change of temperature minds for the seasons of rock is clearly expressed, the difference in degree of continentality and volatility, the diversity of climates is great.
The length of the territory of the krai from pivnoch on pivdny vіd 780 s. sh. up to 41° mo. sh. appointed її position in the Arctic,
subarctic and pomirny belts. The most important part of the territory of Russia is rebuying near the peace belt. The diversity of climates is also felt near or far from the edge of the edge of the countryside to the ocean, the great vіdmіnіstyu in the absolute and vіdnosnyh heights, the peculiarities of the relief thinly.
In the geographical distribution of the territory, the deposit has spread sony radiation on the territory and the circulation of the affected masses.
2. Sonyachna radiation. Vibration of heat by the sun, that light is called sony radiation. Radiation is reduced by the amount of heat and is measured in kilocalories per 1 cm2 (or megajoules per 1 m2 of the earth's surface).
Alert Climate of the Republic of Altai
Due to the uneven distribution of heat and the waters of the territory, they are distinguished by the peculiarity of the climate. Name the climatic zones.
Look at the climate map and say, in which climatic zones is Russia located?
What belts are the main ones?
What are transitions?
The largest belt for the area.
What did you commemorate in your climate zone?
What indicators characterize the type of climate?
Independent work
a) filling tables
Por_vnyannya types of climate.
What is the coldest climate? (arctic)
Where is the coldest winter? (Rizko continental)
Where is the coldest summer? (arctic)
What type of climate has the maximum temperature amplitude? (Rizko continental)
In what climate is winter cold, dry, and in the volog it is summer? (monsoon)
What climate do we live in? (pomir-continental)
VIDEO LESSON
FIXING
What is the climate?
Name climate change factors.
Name the main elements of climate.
How does the temperature change in the territory of Russia?
How do fall fall rise?
Name dry and wet areas
D/W
Climate change factors. You know, you know, the formulant Klimatu Be-Yako Terita is so as a factor: geographical position, Sonya is in radiyah, circulatory, superficial, pydstila, Morce, Morcian, stupe, stressed by the sea. , anthropogenic infusions .
All these climate change officials operate on the territory of our country, shaping their own climatic minds and minds of another region (region).
The main climatic indicators are the amount of heat, the amount of fall and the fall of the seasons of rock, viparovuvanity, coefficient of heat.
What are the climatic factors that play a significant role in shaping the climate of our country?
Rice. 28. The height of the Sun above the horizon at the day of the summer solstice: a - Miss Chelyuskin; b - m. Krasnodar
Impact of geographic location on climate. The Great Dove of Russia from the pivnochi on the pivden signifies the camp of the country near the different climatic zones, zoning the amount of sony heat, conquering this territory.
Viprominyuvannya sun heat that light is called sony radiation. Radiation is reduced by the amount of heat and appears in kilocalories of one square centimeter (kcal / cm 2) of the earth's surface.
A lot of sony radiation, as if taking away the earth's surface, to lie in the geographic latitude of the place, the latitude of the oscillators indicates the fall of the sony exchanges, I will become the atmosphere, and inspire the nature of the underlying surface.
Most sleepy radiation is found on the surface in the rainy areas of our country, which is why there are the most high temperatures there.
Rice. 29. Rozpodіl dormouse radiation
According to Figure 29, tell how the sony radiation is spread, which comes to the ground above. What is responsible for the presence of sleepy radiation on the surface of the Earth? Explain how the amount of sony radiation is divided, fallow in the geographical latitude of the city.
Rice. 30. The amount of sunny heat in fallow land in the height of the sun above the horizon (A 1 - high. A 2 - low)
The vast amount of sony energy that reaches the surface of the Earth is called total radiation.
Heated earth surface vibrates heat. The higher the surface temperature and the lower the gloom, the greater the loss of thermal energy. For example, in the pomirnih latitudes, thermal heating is stained at the middle half of the energy, stained heating is on the surface.
The nature of the surface, which underlays, strongly influences the vibrations or the fading of radiation. The snow in the middle increases to 70-80% of the total sony radiation, the sand is less, the lower snow, the forest and the black soil are approximately five times less.
Recycled oil circulation. The displacement of the affected masses over the surface of the Earth is to cause the transfer of heat and water from one region to another.
Guess from the course of the geography of the continents and oceans, how the main masses are called. Yakі povіtryаnі masi can work in pomirnih latitudes?
Above Russia, arctic, dead and pivdnі tropichnі potryanі masses are moving. Zdebіlshoy tse continental povіtrya.
Rice. 31. Total sleepy radiation
It is important to turn the map (Fig. 31) and tell it, as if it were the masi, who overwhelm the European part of Russia and to Siberia, and yak - the inflow.
Shards in the pomirnih latitudes, most of our land has been depopulated, panuє zahіdno povitryanyh masses, the Atlantic Ocean robbing the climate of a significantly greater influx from the region of the Pacific.
The role of the windy transference is especially great in the warm period of the year, if in the greater part of the countryside the windfalls and the winds are overwhelmed.
In winter, the main role played by a large area of high pressure, called the Siberian anticyclone or the Asian maximum, the center of which is located in the regions of Transbaikalia, the Republic of Tuva and Pivnichnaya Mongolia. In the new region, with a shifting pressure, there are two direct routes: on the pivnіchny descent right up to the Chukchi coast and on the way through the Pivnichny Kazakhstan and the pivdniy of the Russian River (up to approximately 50 ° Mon. latitude).
Rice. 32. Atmospheric front over the territory of Russia
The movement of people for the temperature and the moisture of the soil determines the nature of the weather. For example, the continental wind of the morbid latitudes (KVUSh) carries the river near the western regions of Northern Siberia. The frosty weather is clear here (Siberian winter), and the wind is warm.
It is important to point out that when the masses move over these other territories, the stench of the buildings step by step change their authority under the surface, which they support. This process is called transformation. For example, the arctic winds, passing through the entire Russian plain, warm up the flooring, which leads to dry winds near the Fore-Caucasus.
Rice. 33. Rukh povitrya in cold and warm fronts
In smoothies, which divide the differences for their power, they change the masses, establish their own transitional zones. atmospheric front.
According to the map (Fig. 32), it is shown that atmospheric fronts pass over the territory of Russia.
The width of the atmospheric front sounds like a few tens of kilometers. At the smuzі front with a bunker, two different people, for the power of the masters, are forced to change the vice, temperature, moisture. That passage through the front is accompanied by winds, gloominess, falling down, that the weather is changing.
When warm, warm masses move, a warm front is established near cold ones, and when cold, warm masses move, a cold front forms at warm ones.
With the intrusion of a warm breath of wine, like a light one, it rises above the cold one. With the fall of wines, it cools down, to that vologa, which avenges itself in the new, condenses, which calls out the fall of falling. The weather is changing like this: it’s getting warmer, a long board is coming.
With the intrusion of a cold wind, like an important one, pіdtіkaє pіd warmly, vishtovhuyuchi yogo uphill. The weather is warmer and it cools down, for which the light falls fall - anger, often with thunderstorms. When it suddenly clears up, the weather is clear and cold.
Cyclones and anticyclones- All the great atmospheric whirlwinds. Cyclone- tse whirlwinds with a low vice at the center, anticyclones- with a high vice at the center.
On synoptic and climatic maps, it is easy to see the appearance of cyclones and anticyclones behind closed concentric isobars (lines of equal grip).
Cyclones can be even more significant - 2-3 yew. km at the diameter and move about 30 km/year. The wind at the cyclone collapses from the periphery to the center, moving against the arrow of the year. At the center, it rises again and rises to the outskirts. When this happens, water condensation and fall fall off.
The territory of Russia, the cyclones sound, move from the sunset of the Skhid, which in the dead latitudes panuє zahіdny transference.
Rice. 34. Direct winds in the anticyclone and cyclone in Pivnichniy pivkul (LH - area of low pressure, VD - area of high pressure)
In the anticyclone, there is a rush across the center to the periphery from the exits behind the annual arrow. At the center of the anticyclone, it is necessary to come again from the upper balls of the troposphere. When lowered, the winder warms up and moves out of the air. Therefore, in the anticyclone, the weather is clear, bezkhmarna with great fluctuations in temperature.
Get the climate and physical maps of Russia and put the relief on the climate.
The main areas of cyclones related to the passage of atmospheric fronts. Therefore, intense cyclonic activity develops over the Barents, Kara, Okhotsk seas and over the peninsular-zahidnoy part of the Russian rivnina.
During the period of cyclones, the most intensively develop the Far Descent and sunset of the Russian Rivnina.
Anticyclones are actively making a collection from the Siberian Siberia, and wind like a winter, and an influx of the Pivdni of the Russian Rivnina.
Inflow of the underlying surface. Great injection on the climate maє relief. The presence of the mountain at the beer night and the entry of Russia will saturate the penetration of the Arctic and Atlantic masses near the edge of the glib. The Girsky ridges of the Skhodi border the inflow of the Pacific Ocean on the climate of the interior regions.
Fallow in addition, de utvoryayutsya masi, stench podіlyayutsya on the sea and continental.
The nature of the surface is influenced by the amount of radiation that is to come, changing in such a way to a deep heating of the surface.
Inquiry and task
- What are the climatic factors that influence the climate of our country?
- What is total radiation? Why lie down?
- What is the transformation of the lost masses?
- What are the atmospheric fronts for Russia? How stink to go through the tax and vlіtku?
- What makes a cyclone look like an anticyclone? For some regions of the country, cyclonic weather is typical, for some it is anticyclonic weather?
- What factors may be most important for molding the climate of your life?
2. And now add to choose the factor that is the most important for the climate.
Why lay the life of the planet?
And what kind of sleepy radiation can be found in paragraph 10.
Read out.
slide 7
A tribute to scientific fact.
For 36 years, the Sun has given the Earth more energy, more energy to give power plants of all lands to support rock.
The influx of sleepy energy to our planet is great, which on Earth can be approximately double the spekotnishe.
Why don't you see?
It appears that sleepy radiation heats the Earth unevenly.
According to the interactive map,I'll save the cursor, you, vikoristovuyuchi tables, write down the number of changes for the skin date for the Serpukhov city.
Tell me, which of these months will be colder near Serpukhov? How do you care why?
Help grow visnovok:what is the cause of sonyachna radiation?
and kut is determined by the latitude of the month. And latitude is the distance from the equator in degrees.
we have explained one reason, in view of which there is sony radiation.
And now to show respect for color illustrations.
I already got tired and at the same time new knowledge, you learn on your own. Let's reconsider, how much time do you have for your job.
For whom, vikoristuuuuchi paragraph podruchnika
that information
slide 8
expand see sony radiation on color illustrations
direct - direct change from sun 100
rose - 25
vidbita vіd hmar - 22
vidbita vіd saw - 5
bit rate on the ground - 3
absorbed - 45 days for heating the earth
straight 48
sumarna 73
What kind of radiation is on the diagram?
Find out from the text the definition of total sony radiation.
Nini well popratsyyumo z fig.30 p.59 shows rozpodіl total sony radiation.
Analysis of the total sleepy radiation map.
It is necessary to determine the total radiation in these places.
Murmansk-67 Kcal/cm
Yakutsk - 89 or not appointed
Krasnoyarsk - 95 Kcal / cm
Khabarovsk - 111 Kcal / cm
What kind of regularity is guarded by the distribution of total sleepy radiation in the territory of our country?
What kind of radiation transports a little one?
where is she going to go?
Let's turn to the interactive map.
What kind of radiation heats the surface of the Earth?
Why are the signs of the clayed radiation є different.
Lead vіdbivaє 75%, clay 25%
wood 20%, clay 80%
sand 30%, clay 70%
calm water 2%, clayey 98%
You have helped less than one reason for the uneven heating of the Earth.
Another reason is the nature of the underlying surface.
Take a look at the window, what kind of radiation do you care about?
Why lie down? In addition, in which the atmosphere is known.
Film screening
What else is added by the arrival of sony radiation.
So we were faced with the task of why there is no more speculation on earth?
Because the amount of sony radiation is different due to low reasons
slide 9
3 tasks
Return respect to the card:
How much total sleepy radiation will take away Peter and Kolimi's girl?
Let's turn to the little one at the assistant.
St. Petersburg and the Kolimi arm will take the same amount of total sony radiation (80 kcal / cm² per river). And now, for the climate map, the average temperature of the soil and the lime are determined.
Why do the floors of the different climates of these two regions, as if the stinks take away the same amount of sony radiation (heat)?
area | PCP | Radiation balance |
||
St. Petersburg | ||||
Girlo Kolimi | ||||
Irkutsk | ||||
Rostov-on-Don |
It appears that the radiation balance is to blame for whom.
slide Radiation balance is the difference between the arrival of that rich energy of the Sun.
Visnovok:
Why is it colder in Kolima, lower in St. Petersburg?