Name of Ivan Susanin to all children. More bak - even the first Russian partisan, a kind of life for Mikhail Romanov and the Poles in the swamp, de lost and stench, and wine himself. What do you know about the life of this little, but great people?
Mystery of the ghost
The villagers were simple people, they didn’t have a nickname for a long time. More precisely, the stench was given to the name of my father - the sounds and vidbulisya in the houses of "Ivanovi", "Petrovi" and "Sidorovi". The nickname "Susanin" resembles a woman's name "Susanna", which at that time meant the illegality of the people. Yakbi Ivan was the people of the rightful love, vin buv bi Ivan Yosipov, to that in such dzherelah stand yoga on the father. Tim is not smaller, speak about it, singsongly, it is impossible, the shards are inaccurate.
Life for bezp'yat hvilin king
At the suggestion of Mikhail Glinka, the composer and author of the opera Ivan Susanin: A Life for the Tsar, the feat of a Russian peasant is always called that, even though, in fact, in 1613 Mikhailo Romanov was not yet king. So, vin buv pretender to the throne, ale coronations buv already later.
Prizvischnі pіlgi
Susanin is called the only name daughter Antonida, what was the name of the peasant Bohdan Sobinina. The bet had two blues - Daniloі Kostyantin. In 1619, Susanin's brother-in-law, that son-in-law, took off the pisces of the royal family: for the feat, borne by their ancestor, the stench rang out in the form of gifts. Bogdanov was also given half of Domnino. The rest of the pilgrimage letters were seen by 1837 roku. The fact that this document is true, put skeptics in doubt: there was no such thing as Susanin, why were such honors waved to a simple peasant? E, vtim, prove that the peasant's tips came to the king themselves, without pressing, for obvious reasons, for everyday facts, that the heroic ancestor was right.
De vin perished?
There is no specific knowledge about the place of death of Susanin. Historians hardly seem to know what happened at the forest thicket, where the partisans of the Poles and de stinks were not far off katu yoga, spodіvayuchis vipitat truth. More than anything, the villager went straight to the village of Isupov - it was found near the protolezhny botsі in the city of the Romanovs. Here, in 2003, archeological excavations were carried out - among 41 known crosses, less than 1 letter orthodox. The rest of the curvature, which should confirm the contact from the cutting edge.
What is yoga?
Wanting for the legend of the body of Susanina Bulo thrown into the swamp, є vіdomosti about those who zіyshovshi on the throne, Mikhailo Romanov punishing him to know and pohovati like a follow. The body was found and nibito buried in Ipatiev monastery- Ale tse became after 6 years after his feat, it is doubtful that in a few hours they could know him. Seen for everything, as if knowing earlier, and buried at the Church of the Resurrection in the Dominion, yoga village. Unfortunately, the Church has not survived to this day.
Long way to glory
Regardless of those that Susanin is right great feat(Let Romanov not yet be king), for a long time to a wide revelry of wines of nevedomy. Katerina Velika gained a lot of popularity, as she saw Kostroma in 1767 and listened to the promo of the priestly bishop. From that hour, people began to talk more often about the heroic peasant, and Sergiy Glinka, a writer, found a heroic feat in literature. The whole of Russia knew about the partisan himself. If Mikola I was sitting on the throne, the image of Susanin was victorious a sign of self-sacrifice for the sake of autocracy- For the sake of the tsar, who alone rule the great country.
Insha legend
The popularity of Ivan Susanin and the reason, through yogo, tsar's pilgrims began to wave, can be in another way. Zgіdno z іnshoy, less popular legend, partisan without taking the Poles to the swamp: Vіn just helped the future tsar Mikhail to shovat in the yogo booth - so good, that the Poles, scho evaded, could not know yogo The headman still rolled, blaring the news about the imminent tsar, but not giving up, for what the kills. Prote tsia version is less heroic, so it is not often guessed about it.
Memory
Members of the Romanov dynasty held Susanin in high esteem and spoke about those whose memory of him survived even to the Donin. So, Mykola I punished to christify the head square of Kostromi Susaninsky- tse im'ya won't be worn and today. There is also a monument to Ivan Susanin. And even before such vshanuvans we called, then before that I can name a hero for the navigator shop near St. Petersburg!
- There are no daily reports about those, if Susanin was born, it’s impossible to say how many fates he had, if he died. no more than 40. date of death, 1613 , is also inaccurate.
- Born, svidshe for everything, Susanin rural village(Someone is called "Derevenki").
- Susanin's settlement in Domnino was listed as "patrimonial elder". Having served in either the Romanovs, or the Shestovs, it was a good thing to fight.
- There is no data about the squad of the partisan, that, nayimovіrnіshe, vin widows.
- In one version of the legend, Susanin is assisted by Bogdan Sobinin, his son-in-law. It is important that your great-great-grandson, Ivan Luk'yanovich, should have pardoned, if Empress Hanna was inspired to see you pіlgi. Maybe, the presence of two heroic ancestors is more likely to confirm the right to severance in the form of taxes!
- In history, there are no exact records of why Susanin perished in the hands of the Poles. The foxes used to a lot of robbers With this very success, even the Russians could get away with it.
- Mikhailo Glinka not the first who put the story of Susanin to music. yogo viperediv Kavos, composer with Italian roots: this opera was written 20 years before.
- In the chronicle, which dates back to 1612, there is a riddle about another peasant, who accomplished an identical feat. Imovirno, there were even more such stories, but information about it was simply not saved.
- In the Radyansk Union, the image of Susanin was not magnified, but on the contrary, revisited. The national hero was vvazhavshy by the heeled king's crown, the monument was punished to be erected, and the square in Kostroma was renamed to "Revolution Square". In 1967, a monument to remembrances on its own large place, and Maidan turned to its old name.
Here are some facts about Ivan Susanin About Ivan Susanin, the feeling, obviously, is that of the baggers of our country. And even for a few anecdotes from Susaninim, one can compare, perhaps, only Chapaev and Shtirlitz. And who is this Ivan Susanin really? The axis is less than a handful of stories, legends, myths about the share of this wondrous people. According to the official version, Ivan Susanin, a village headman (but not a kripak) from the Kostroma province, in 1613 started the Polish zagіn, sho after the new Tsar Mikhail Romanov, in the impenetrable swamps, the conquerors perished in the bush To understand that the young tsar, having robbed a deaf village, turn to history. In 1605 Tsar Boris Godunov died, and the throne was occupied by the low one-day rulers, Fedir Godunov, False Dmitry I, Vasil Shuisky ... the period of the "unclear hour" came to the edge. Following the famine, the blacks rise up and the frontier battles set in, the period of the titles of the seven boyars, the shards in the country fell off the sovereign. At the same time, the Zemsky Sobor (choose representatives of the city) and for the reign took away the first representative of the Romanov family - Mikhailo Romanov. Earlier, the Romanovs, who lived in disgrace until what hour, lived near the patrimonial village of Domnin, de and bov the headman Ivan Susanin. What is it that the Poles need the Russian tsar? It's simple - those Russian soldiers were born in the war from the Commonwealth, and the young Russian tsar could become a miraculous trump card in the negotiations about capitulation. From that hour, the Romanovs glorified the patriot-peasant with all their might, at the price of the rich life of the young Mikhail Romanov. Mykola the First made a special effort in the 19th century. In the same year, the main square of Kostromi took away the name of Susaninsk, on which a monument to the legendary hero was erected. Before the speech, not long after Susan's death, the tsar's relatives told the tsar about their background. The son-in-law of the hero, Bogdan Sobinin, having turned to Tsar Mikhail, did not pass over Susanin's royal favor to the gods. In 1619, Sobinin took the village of Dominino, Kostroma county, from his Volodinnya. Mikhailo zvіlniv yogо vіd uсіх podtkіv: “For the service before us, blood, and patience father-in-law yogo Ivan Susanin.” Tsar’s letter of 30 leaf fall 1619 to the fate: “God’s mercy, mi, great sovereign, tsar and grand duke Mikhailo Fedorovich, autocrat of all Russia, for our royal mercies, and for the joy and prohannyam of our mother, sovereign, great old woman of Kostroma, of our village Domnina, the villager Bogdashka Sobinina, for service before us and for shelter, and for the patience of father-in-law Ivan Susanin: like me, great sovereign, tsar and Grand Duke Mikhailo Fedorovich of all Russia at the past 121 (tobto in 1613 the birth of Christ ! ) roci buli in Kostroma, and in those years Polish and Lithuanian people came to Kostroma county, and in those days, the Lithuanian people beat Yogo’s father-in-law, Bogdashkov, Ivan Susanin in those times, and rolled Yogo with great, unimaginable torturs and rolled him in the new decade at that time, the great sovereign, the tsar and the grand duke Mikhailo Fedorovich of all Russia, and the wines of Ivan, knowing about us, the great sovereign, de mi in those hours were, tolerant of the quiet Polish and Lithuanian people of the world of tortur, about us, the great sovereign, to the Polish and Lithuanian people, demi in those hours, buli, without saying, and Polish and Lithuanian people rolled yoga to death. I, the great sovereign, the tsar and the grand duke Mikhailo Fedorovich, all of Russia waved yogo, Bogdashka, for the father-in-law yogo Ivan Susanin before us, service and for the shelter of the Kostroma county of our palace village of Domnina, half of the village of Derevnishch, on which wine, Bogdashka, live, the second four viti of the earth punished the abode of that piv-village, the second four viti on the new one, on Bogdash, and on the children of yogo, and on the grandchildren, and on the great-grandchildren of our annual taxes and fodder, and water supply, and all sorts of canteens and bread reserves , and in the cities of the city, and in the bridge region, and in other years, the mother did not pay gifts from them; they led them to life in the family and to their children, and to the onuks, and to the whole world it was unruly. And if it was our village Domnino, in some kind of monastery and in vіddachi, then they would send villages, repeat the couple of lands in some kind of monastery with this village, they didn’t lead, they ordered Volodya Yoma, Bogdashka Sobinіnu, and children of Yogo, for our royal payment, onukam, І v rd їх on vіki unruly. Our tsar’s letter of commendation was given in Moscow on the year 7128 (from the birth of Christ - 1619) the fall of the leaves on the 30th day. Tsikavo, that more than 200 years have seen the salaries of the hero's letters, that they confirm their benefits, for the royal charter from 1619 to the year. Little is known about the biography of Ivan Susanin himself. No one can say how many fates there were for heroes at the time of their feat. As a rule, Susanina is portrayed as such an old man of her own, wanting to hear about those whose daughters Susanina Antonidy were 16 years old at that time, and Ivan Yosipovich himself, like the deacons of history, 35-40 years old. A lot of fates of the doslidniks chimed in the food: where were those dead places, where Susanin curled his enemies, and why was his grave spared? Wanting to know the grave of Susanin - the head of the mayzhe nezdijsnenne, adzhe, behind the legend, having died at once with the Poles. Prote on the cob of our century in the Kostroma region, there were searches for the remains of the ryativnik of the royal dynasty. Historians, archeologists, criminalists carried out a grand investigation: 360 remains were found near the village of Isupov, at the site of the death of the national hero. A sequential analysis of the DNA of Susanin's findings was carried out with the knowledge of the 17th century. It can be wondrous, but the participants of this expedition were inspired - Susanina was buried there herself. Medico-criminalistic analysis of the remains of one of the people confirmed. Tsikavo, that the name of Susanin is not only worn in the streets and squares in our country. For example, near St. Petersburg, a store named after the legendary hero... navigators.
M.I. Glinka opera "Ivan Susanin" (Life for the Tsar)
"Life for the Tsar" or, as they call it, "Ivan Susanin" deserves recognition for the first Russian national opera. Vaughn became the epitome of Russian art on a global scale, the first Russian opera, which took away recognition from the whole world. Irrespective of those who wrote a piece of operatic works before "Ivan Susanin", the stink did not gain popularity. It is possible that the composers who composed them were not such great children of art, like. Diya opera rejoices around the feat of Ivan Susanin, and having overcome the failures of success through miraculous music, with the sound of folk melodies, the heroes of the country and national costumes.
A short summary of the opera "Glinka" and anonymous facts about his work, read on our side.
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Dyuchi faces |
Description |
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| bass | peasant peasant | |
| Antonida | soprano | daughter Susanina, named Sobinina |
| Vania | contralto | the child Susanina was adopted, as she was ahead of the ministerial Minina about nebezpeka |
| Bohdan Sobinin | tenor | one of the Russian wars and names of Susanin's daughter |
| Sigismund the Third | bass | King of the Poles |
Short film "Ivan Susanin"
Not far from the Kostroma region, home, in the village of Domnina, young warriors turn, who overcame the Polish army, who invaded the territory of Russia. The radiance of the villagers vlastovuyut the zustrich tract. The names of Antonidi, Bogdan Sobinin, are also among the participants, who protect the patrimony. Ale Ivan Susanin, father Antonidi, rozpovidaє that the foes have stepped in for a little more than an hour, and now it is necessary to get ready for the battle of the Lord. Susanin made a decision about those who would not be friendly to the holy saint, while the Poles trample on native lands. Nareshti come Sobinin and bring new news: Minin, the legendary folk hero, was placed on the table of the whole militia. All the people believe in it! Susanin, who is healthy with such a sound, allows you to win the fun of the cohanim.
The Polish King Sigizmund the Third is organizing a ball, where he treats his friends with a wonderful banquet. Sea wine, beautiful music and dancing girls, like chirping guests. Regardless of those who have not yet overcome the stench, the Polish gentry is happy for the success of the army in the Russian lands. Raptoma is a messenger from a filthy call: Minina was put on the front of the militia, and they start to fight against the Poles. The holy day is celebrated, and the king seems to his warriors, that the Russian battalion is needed by you alive and dead.
Before the ceremony of the wedding of Susanin's daughter, that militia of Bogdan went to prepare at the booth of the father's name. Susanin shares with his adopted son Vanya the news about those that the tabir of Minin is not far away in the Ipatiev temple and the death of the war is coming to the new one. At the hour of the celebration of the holiday, the Poles enter at the booths and zmushuyut Susanin to show them to the taєmne place, de Mіnіn chooses one-thinkers. Susanin vdaє, scho pіdorderovanіv їm, and he himself guesses the plan, how to save the leader from the Russian army. Before the new one, an idea comes quickly: you will lead the enemies to the forests, and the stench of the stars will definitely not be able to come out on their own. Tim an hour, Vanya run to Minin, to help him, that the enemies are not far away, and it is necessary to find a new shelter for the collection of the army.
Sobinin at once from the corral to live at the backs of foreigners. Russian wars are ready to defeat the army of enemies, and they want to vryatuvat Ivan Susanin. Minіn ta yogo people also go nazustrich to the Poles.
Already in the thick of the forest, Ivan ceases to introduce enemies into Oman and reminds him that he has strayed, and now the stench will die here. He is ready to accept death and begins to say goodbye to us, which is dear to you. The Poles in anger drive in the Russian, who deceived them. Vіyni on choli іz Sobіnіnim do not vsgayut vryatuvati Ivan Susanіn, but over the Poles stench zdobuli win. All the people collectively imagine this good deed.
Near Moscow, in front of the Kremlin, on Triva Square, it is possible to celebrate the celebration of the Russian army, as it called the Batkivshchina to the Poles. Orphaned family: son Vanya, daughter Antonida and її naming Sobinin are also on the square. The remembrance and remembrance of Ivan Susanin is begun.
A photo:
Tsіkavі facts
- The opera "Life for the Tsar" brought M.I. Glintsi glory of the world. Vіn becoming the first Russian composer, what a way to reach such heights.
- Pochatkov named the opera bula “Ivan Susanin”, but a few days before the premiere, Mikhailo Ivanovich changed the name. “Life for the Tsar” - such a new name was given to the creation, Vigadav Yogo is sung by Nestor Kukolnik. Tsikavo, what would be another option called - "Death for the Tsar."
- Under the hour of the premiere of the opera "Life for the Tsar" among the eyes of the present Tsar Mykola the First. After wistavi vin, giving Mikhail Ivanovich a ring of diamonds, showing with a gesture those that were worthy of tver to you.
- There are two variants of the libreto of Glinka's musical drama. First - Baron Yegor Rozen, friend - Sergiy Gorodetsky, the editorial board of which was victorious at the SRSR.
- The composer harmonically raised European operatic and symphonic norms with Russian choral interpretations in his TV.
- Kapellmeister Katerino Kavos, who was the first composer, who composed the opera on full scale in 1612, recognizing the version of Glinka's opera as the best for his own. І navіt having taken a production from the stage of the theater.
- Irrespective of such a gaudy reaction of the public to the premiere of "A Life for the Tsar", another opera TV Glinka "Ruslan and Lyudmila" knew collapse. The emperor is accentuated from the audience, not having surprised the staging until the end.
- The idea of using the history of Ivan Susanin for the opera belongs to Vasily Zhukovsky, a good friend of Mikhail Ivanovich. Vin and having pleased the composer to write about the feat of the Russian peasant.
- Volodymyr Lenin said in his time that in Russian literature before the work of L. Tolstoy there are no descriptions of a right peasant. Musical scholars also talk about Ivan Susanin, that before Glinka in Russian music it is impossible to know the image of a right peasant.
- The opera “A Life for the Tsar” was unbelievable for the hour that music critics could not find in it even though they were in it.
- Bula after a revolutionary attempt to create a marvelous twist to replace the plot line of the opera in the Radian realities of 1917. The first edition moved the Timchas era from the 17th century to the era of the Red and White Revolution. Ivan Susanin, standing in front of the public as a leading villager, like a strong heart for the radiant fatherland. Priyomniy sin Vanya becoming a member of the Komsomol. Tsikavo, that the Poles-enemies were spared, to that, for example, the 10s of the 10th rokiv were sharpened by the Viysk's Dії z Poland. The hymn at the finale “Glory, glory, my Russia” changed into “Glory, glory, radyansky way”. But such a variation of the opera was not worthy of a glance, so the editorial staff is not a little popular.
- On the same day, at the very same place, at a cost of 6 nights, two operas by M.I. Glinka. (Petersburg Great Theatre, opera "Life for the Tsar" and "Ruslan and Lyudmila" on 11/27/1836 and 11/27/1842 at the new hour).
- Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka had two favorites, the scientist Osip Petrov and Ganna Vorobyova (in the future, she became Petrova-Vorobyovoy). The part of Susanin was formed by Osip, and the part of Van by Hannu, the very same role was written for a small, rare woman's voice - contralto.
- Glinka created an original spring present for his student Annie, expanding the role of Susanin's adoptive son, adding a great stage, if Vanya reaches the walls of the monastery, to get ahead of Minin about the problem. And the opera had already been written and rehearsed. After all, this scene has become one of the quietest things to remember the most.
- A friend of Glinka's acquaintance, Prince Odoevskiy, having revealed that the composer wanted to write an oratorio, not an opera, on the plot line of Ivan Susanin.
Popular arias and numbers from the opera "Ivan Susanin"
Cavatina ta rondo Antonidi z 1 dії "Ah field, your field is mine" (rumors)
Vanya's song from 3 diї "Yak mother was beaten ..." (rumours)
Romance Antonidi z 3 dії "Not about those girlfriends mourn" (rumour)
Susanin's scene with the Poles from episode 3 "Our great and holy native land" (rumours)
Recitative and aria Vani z 4 diї "Bidniy kіn" (rumors)
Final choir "Slavsya" (rumors)
music
A heroic-tragic TV-life - such a characteristic was given by M.I. Glinka. The Russian people borrow far from the rest of the space from their creation, Glinka made this mass image active in the historical podias of the opera. Just for such a decision, the performance is of epic scope, the same in the new mass choir scene. Okremi heroes and yogo share are represented by an indistinct link from the share of the fatherland. Massive musical illustrations of the life of the Russian people, their fashion and the natural beauty of the fatherland are ideally intertwined in the work, revealing the richly faceted characters of the heroes.
Opera dramaturgy and musical numbers in the opera turned out to be right and innovative, which served as the beginning of the creation of a new opera genre - folk musical drama. Not all courtiers were able to accept and comprehend the image of the main character Ivan Susanin, and music, like yoga. The composer's idea was to bring together Russian melodies and songs, with European harmonies and compositions. Not all musicians have been able to accept such an association at once, but without detracting from the significance of his creation.
History of creation
Varto designate that the first opera "Ivan Susanin" belongs to Katerina Kavos. The premiere of the staging of the boulle was shown in 1815 roci. The libreto was written by Oleksandr Shakhovsky. Tvir viyshov pen comic » - Tse French style, de musical, that recitative part occupy the same number of places in creativity. For example, the version of Kavos Ivan Susanin is left alive.
Indeed, in the history of the creation of the opera "Ivan Susanin" there are a lot of supernaturalities and confusion. But if you judge the facts, then go out on the offensive ... If Mikhailo Ivanovich zdіysnyuvav more expensively in Italian and German places, his thoughts periodically occupied the idea of creating a musical creation, in a kind of presence of a national spirit. The very ideas prompted the composer to start working on the opera. At the hour of a foreign trip, that learning there wines showed that everything that you put wines for the Milanese p'єs is alien to you, and wines look at your Italian creativity as a lack of breadth. And all the thoughts that apparently inspired a new thought that it was necessary to write Russian music.
back when Glinka turning to Russia, he wanted to write an opera after the work of Vasily Zhukovsky "Mar'yn Gay", and then finish it quickly, changing his decision, and rightly so, the opera "Life for the Tsar" came out. Before the speech, I gave the idea of a historical opera to Mikhail Ivanovich Vasil Zhukovsky.
Creation went smoothly. Usy for the second time the opera was ready (1835-1836). "Life for the Tsar" is composed of several (or seven paintings) from the final epilogue. The libretto was written by Baron Georgy Rozen, disregarding those who are filthy in my Russian mother. For the most part, the editorial staff of the libreto was victorious in productions, written by S. Gorodetsky. If the tvir was finished and rehearsed, Mikhailo Ivanovich showed an idea to dedicate the opera to Mikoly the First. This dedication went well! At once, due to the name of Ivan Susanin, the name was changed to Life for the Tsar.
Productions
1836 - this river became a landmark for the Russian vocal art. What year was the first production of the opera Life for the Tsar. 27 leaf fall (according to the new calendar) St. Petersburg will appreciate the first Russian opera at the Great Theater City. The first vykonavtsy were such opera singers as: Maria Stepanova, Lev Leonov, Osip Petrov and Ganna Vorobyova, the first conductor - Katerino Cavos.
The revolution of 1917 took place, the musical drama was not staged in the USSR for a long time. They wanted to change the libretto, to change it according to the history of the revolution, but without escaping the success of this option. Sergiy Gorodetsky sings for a year, revealing the whole situation, rewriting the libreto of Georgy Rosen, in a "radian" way. In 1939, a new production was staged, the conductor was Samuil Samosud, and the director was Boris Mordvinov.
At the Great Theater in 1945, a school tradition appeared - the opera production of "Ivan Susanin" opened the season for the last three hours. The part of Ivan Susanin was played by such great basses as: Maxim Mikhailov, Ivan Petrov, Oleksandr Vedernikov and Evgen Nesterenko.
On the Russian stages, the opera was celebrated and celebrated for its popularity to this day. If you tried to stage the opera for the first libreto, but such productions did not take root.
The most famous production of "Ivan Susanin" was there at the La Scala theater (located in Milan). Fedir Shalyapin in the role of Ivan Susanin was listening to Italian listeners.
Opera " Life for the king"- Truly a great tvir, which deserves all the praises and suffocation that people think about her. Tse humanistic, truly Russian and patriotic TV Glinka shattered Ivan Susanin, already famous in our country, and the air of the opera became immortal.
M.I. Glinka "Ivan Susanin" (Life for the Tsar)
31.03.2017
And such names, like, it would have been given, at everyone’s hearing - at one time we don’t know much about the people of that її life, behind the blame of the name. Qi words with full right can be buried to the individual of Ivan Susanin. What do we know about the new one? How can we guess the facts about the share of that feat of the national hero Ivan Susanin? It is clear that today it is already richly attached to us in the depths of the century - and none of the dzherel, unfortunately, was not saved.
- The feat of Ivan Susanin was voiced for a long time as “Life for the Tsar”. And why was Mikhail Romanov already appointed to the kingdom, if Susanin was a young man at the hands of the Polish interventionists? As much as possible, but not much else - Ivan Susanin entrusted the Poles with forests, something like 1612, something on the cob 1613. As if the first date is correct, it appears that Mikhailo was left only with Pan Susanin, but not with the autocrat of All Russia.
- In the father's way, Ivan Susanin was "attributed" to the 19th century - Josipovich. If you don’t have any reliable sources, you’d be sure of your correctness. It is not excluded that it was simply guessed by historians and writers.
- Zgidno with a number of saving documents, Susanin was the patrimonial headman of the Romanovs, his ancestral village of Domnina was known to him.
- The reality of the feat of the Kostroma peasant, in which they began to doubt, is confirmed by the fact that Susanin’s son-in-law Bogdan was granted a nominal diploma in the name of Tsar Mikhail himself, as it was said approximately like this: usikh taxes". Yakby didn’t have a feat - would a simple villager (or maybe, a krіpak) get such favors from the royal shoulder?
- Susanin, more famous for everything, being a lucky man, who knows no riddles about his squad. About yoga relatives, it’s more obvious that the mother’s daughter Antonida was born, so the tsar’s daughter did not expand so much on a person’s offspring, like Buv, but the daughter and son-in-law of Susanin.
- Dosi nevidomo, de dying Ivan Susanin. Some dzherela tell a fox hut. Others call the village Isupov, the place of the church. Zgidno with the rest of the version, Ivan, the leader of the Poles in the city of the Ukrainian mother and the son of the Romanovs, in the past they have reached the Іsupov, de rozkriv their thoughts to the enemies. Yogo's death seemed terrible and painful: the Poles, who were scattered, would do yoga, and then they would waste it.
- About the feat of Susanin was not richly known until the 18th century. A wide range of information about this wonderful person was sown by Katerina Velika. Arriving as if at Kostroma, she marked as if he was a talented promoter of the Kostroma bishop Damaskin, who spoke about Susanin. From that hour, in the historical dzherels, the name of a peasant began to sound more and more often, as if he had given life for the king and Batkivshchina.
- We all know Mikhail Glinka's opera Life for the Tsar. Ale, it seems, the first musical tvir on this theme was written 20 years earlier - the opera of the composer Kavos' Italian journey.
Ivan Susanin was a simple man - a villager, hardly approaching the fight for the throne and court intrigues. Yogo’s feat of zdіysneniya not from ambitious sponukane, not from the method of seeing it for yourself, then if you want offspring, raise your rank to a greater high level of social gatherings. This was the self-sacrifice of the people, as if they saw their lives for the freedom of the Fatherland, for those who would drive away the hated zagarbniks. A low angle from us, naschadkiv, the national hero Ivan Susanin, and keep the memory of the new one forever saved from the centuries.
About Ivan Susanin, chuv, obviously, the leather bagger of our country. And even for a few anecdotes from Susaninim, one can compare, perhaps, only Chapaev and Shtirlitz. And who is this Ivan Susanin really? The axis is less than a handful of stories, legends, myths about the share of this wondrous people.
According to the official version, Ivan Susanin, a village headman (but not a kripak) from the Kostroma province, in 1613 started the Polish zagіn, sho after the new Tsar Mikhail Romanov, in the impenetrable swamps, the conquerors perished in the bush
To understand that the young tsar, having robbed a deaf village, turn to history. In 1605 Tsar Boris Godunov died, and the throne was occupied by the low one-day rulers, Fedir Godunov, False Dmitry I, Vasil Shuisky ... the period of the "unclear hour" came to the edge. Following the famine, the blacks rise up and the frontier battles set in, the period of the titles of the seven boyars, the shards in the country fell off the sovereign. At the same time, the Zemsky Sobor (choose representatives of the city) and for the reign took away the first representative of the Romanov family - Mikhailo Romanov. Earlier, the Romanovs, who lived in disgrace until what hour, lived near the patrimonial village of Domnin, de and bov the headman Ivan Susanin.
What is it that the Poles need the Russian tsar? It's simple - those Russian soldiers were born in the war from the Commonwealth, and the young Russian tsar could become a miraculous trump card in the negotiations about capitulation.
From that hour, the Romanovs glorified the patriot-peasant with all their might, at the price of the rich life of the young Mikhail Romanov.
Mykola the First made a special effort in the 19th century. In the same year, the main square of Kostromi took away the name of Susaninsk, on which a monument to the legendary hero was erected.
Before the speech, not long after Susan's death, the tsar's relatives told the tsar about their background. The son-in-law of the hero, Bogdan Sobinin, having turned to Tsar Mikhail, did not pass over Susanin's royal mercy. In 1619, Sobinin took the village of Dominino, Kostroma county, from his Volodinnya. Mikhailo zvіlniv yogо vіd uсіх podtkіv: “For the service before us, blood, and patience father-in-law yogo Ivan Susanin.”
“By the grace of God, mi, great sovereign, tsar and grand duke Mikhailo Fedorovich, autocrat of all Russia, for our royal mercies, and for the joy and prohannyam of our mother, sovereign, great old woman Martha Ivanovna, esma of the Kostroma povina, the village for service before us and for blood, and for the patience of father-in-law, yogo Ivan Susanin: like me, great sovereign, tsar and grand duke Mikhailo Fedorovich of all Russia of the past 121 (tobto, 1613 of the birth of Christ!) At that time, Polish and Lithuanian people came to the Kostroma region, and the father-in-law of Yogo, Bogdashkov, Ivan Susanin, in those times, Lithuanian people swayed and rolled Yogo with great, unworldly tortoises and rolled in the New Year at that time, great sovereign, tsar and Grand Duke Mikhailo Fedorovich all Rusії buli, and wine Ivan, knowing about us, the great sovereign, de mi at that time buli, tolerant of the quiet Polish and Lithuanian people of the world of tortur, about us, the great sovereign, these Polish and Lithuanian people ladies and gentlemen, at that hour, they were without saying, and the Polish and Lithuanian people rolled yoga to death.
I, the great sovereign, the tsar and the grand duke Mikhailo Fedorovich, all of Russia waved yogo, Bogdashka, for the father-in-law yogo Ivan Susanin before us, service and for the shelter of the Kostroma county of our palace village of Domnina, half of the village of Derevnishch, on which wine, Bogdashka, live, the second four viti of the earth punished the abode of that piv-village, the second four viti on the new one, on Bogdash, and on the children of yogo, and on the grandchildren, and on the great-grandchildren of our annual taxes and fodder, and water supply, and all sorts of canteens and bread reserves , and in the cities of the city, and in the bridge region, and in other years, the mother did not pay gifts from them; they led them to life in the family and to their children, and to the onuks, and to the whole world it was unruly. And if it was our village Domnino, in some kind of monastery and in vіddachi, then they would send villages, repeat the couple of lands in some kind of monastery with this village, they didn’t lead, they ordered Volodya Yoma, Bogdashka Sobinіnu, and children of Yogo, for our royal payment, onukam, І v rd їх on vіki unruly. Our tsar’s letter of commendation was given in Moscow on the year 7128 (from the birth of Christ - 1619) the fall of the leaves on the 30th day.
Tsikavo, that more than 200 years have seen the salaries of the hero's letters, that they confirm their benefits, for the royal charter from 1619 to the year.
Little is known about the biography of Ivan Susanin himself. No one can say how many fates there were for heroes at the time of their feat. As a rule, Susanina is portrayed as such an old man of her own, wanting to hear about those whose daughters Susanina Antonidy were 16 years old at that time, and Ivan Yosipovich himself, like the deacons of history, 35-40 years old.
A lot of fates of the doslidniks chimed in the food: where were those dead places, where Susanin curled his enemies, and why was his grave spared? Wanting to know the grave of Susanin - the head of the mayzhe nezdijsnenne, adzhe, behind the legend, having died at once with the Poles. Prote on the cob of our century in the Kostroma region, there were searches for the remains of the ryativnik of the royal dynasty.
Historians, archeologists, criminalists carried out a grand investigation: 360 remains were found near the village of Isupov, at the site of the death of the national hero. A sequential analysis of the DNA of Susanin's findings was carried out with the knowledge of the 17th century. It can be wondrous, but the participants of this expedition were inspired - Susanina was buried there herself. Medico-criminalistic analysis of the remains of one of the people confirmed.
Tsikavo, that the name of Susanin is not only worn in the streets and squares in our country. For example, near St. Petersburg, a store named after the legendary hero... navigators.