The life of the cruiser "Aurora" began in St. Petersburg exactly 107 years ago - 4 chervnia 1897 - at the shipyard "New Admiralteystvo". Three years later, the ship was launched in the presence of Emperor Mikoli II, and three years later, in 1903, it was put into operation. Immediately on the "Aurora" there is a museum, and the sailors continue to serve on the ship.
From the Battle of Tsusimsk to the defense of Kronstadt
The cruiser "Aurora" was not distinguished by combat capabilities. The head caliber round was less heavy, the ship developed a wind speed of 19 knots (miles) per year, and the engine reached 11 yew tightness. kinsk forces. For povnyannia - the tension of the "Titanic" was vp'yatero greater. So it was impossible to admit that "Aurora" would become a true legend. The cruiser set her first sailing in 1903 from Kronstadt to Dalakiy Skhid for the settlement of the Port Arthur squadron. The crew of the vessel, folding six hundred people.
The Battle of Christening took place on May 14, 1905, in the battle of Tsusimsk. Under the hour of the battle, the Aurora took ten hits from the fortune tellers. Dekilka vіdsіkіv were completely flooded, harmony went out of tune, there was fire on the ships. Next to the cruiser Vitrimav Biy.
The Chinese wanted to take Qiu garmatu. Photo: AIF / Yana Khvatova
Prote vodomy cruiser is no longer like a fighting ship, but rather a symbol of the Zhovtnevoy revolution of 1917. On July 25, 1917, a bachelor was fired from the ship, serving as a signal to storm the Winter Palace.
The term of service of military cruisers is 25 years. "Aurora" has served majzhe vdvichi doveshe - 45 years. The ship took a part in the defense of Kronstadt against fascist shelling. In 1948, the cruiser was sent to the permanent parking lot, and a museum was opened in its premises. Yuri Gagarin, Margaret Thatcher and the Princess of Monaco visited the cruisers for a number of years. In the 1980s, ships underwent a major overhaul. The underwater part had a chance to be replaced again - it didn’t allow for reconstruction.
Descent at the heart of "Aurori"
The museum consists of six bays from the 10th to the 68th frame of the cruiser. There are over 500 exhibits on board the Aurori, including some unique photographs, related combat shells and various ship items. The wardroom of the cruiser may look the same, like a hundred years ago. The tables in the house should not stand on their feet, but move to the police for help, like goydalok. So it was broken up on purpose: if there is a storm on the sea, you won’t fall off the table, but go out at once from the stylish woman. Order to hang lizhka-hammocks. The stench served the sailors like a dream. As if the cruiser was pierced by a shell, the tekti chimed softly and wobbled.
On the lizhkah you can not only sleep, but zatikat them tekti. Photo: AIF / Yana Khvatova
In the middle of the black and white photographs one can see a portrait of another commander of the cruiser, the captain of the first rank Yevgen Egor'ev, who died the first hour of the Battle of Tsusimskoy. The frame for the photograph was made from the planks of the deck of the Aurori, and the passe-partout from the skin of the cruiser, pierced by a shell. The photograph was brought to the museum by the son of the dead captain, naval officer Vsevolod Yegor'ev.
The ship's commander Yevgen Ygor'ev died at the battle of Tsusimsk. Photo: AIF / Yana Khvatova
Watching the cruiser, it’s allowed not only to walk along the deck and the Aurori’s accommodations, but also to descend in the heart of the ship - the machine and the boiler room, which are well known for the stern.
In ochіkuvanni new life
The first ten years of the XXIst century seemed unforgivable for the ship. On the eve of 2009, at the beginning of the St. Petersburg Economic Forum, there was a party on board the cruiser for the participation of VIPs, which caused a storm of enormity. And a second time later, the Aurora was taken from the combat depot of the Navy. Tse was overwhelmed like sailors, and deaky representatives of Moscow power. In 2012, the rest of the deputies of the St. Petersburg legislative councils turned to the president to turn the cruiser the status of ship No. 1 at the warehouse of the Navy from the savings of the crew.
The cruiser was called for five days a week. Photo: AIF / Yana Khvatova
In September 2013, Minister of Defense Sergiy Shoigu announced that the Aurora cruiser would be repaired and brought to the working camp. It is planned that the ship will have modern means of communication and radio engineering. In this rank, it is not excluded that for a sprat of fate a friend of life will be born at the cruiser.
The cruiser is located at the eternal station on the Petrograd embankment. Photo: AIF / Yana Khvatova
Museum on the cruiser "Aurora" today, Monday and Friday, from 10.30 to 16.00 at Petrogradskaya nab.
"Aurora" and Zhovtnev's revolution among the residents of our country are not one kind of one.
Ale, sleep about the battle path of the legendary cruiser passing on the streets - it’s not clear. And at the same time, the correct story of the Aurori is marvelous, it may be neimovirna.
1. SURVIVED "TWIN SISTERS"
At the historic anniversary of the revolution, the round date is announced and the cruiser "Aurora" itself. Laid down in 1897 at the shipyard "New Admiralty".
For 120 years of its history, "Aurora" has suffered the fate of three revolutions and two world wars, successfully surviving to this day, which cannot be said about two older sisters.
The cruiser "Aurora" was the third after two similar cruisers - "Diani" and "Paladi". The ship-building work was carried out within the framework of the program "for the equalization of our maritime forces from the Germans and the forces of other powers lying down to the Baltic".
The first armored cruisers of Russia were small to reach the average military and running characteristics. "Diana" and "Pallada" were the first to break the battle in 1903, having strengthened the Russian squadron in Port Arthur ahead of the cob of the Russian-Japanese war.
Under the hour of the heroic defense of the place "Diana" and "Pallada" took the most active fate from her. On June 28, 1904, the squadron launched a test break near the beak of Vladivostok. "Diana", escaping from the battle, went to Saigon.
Turning to Russia, she took the fate of the First World War. After the revolution in 1922, the cruiser was sold to the Radianska-Nimets joint-stock company and to purchase metal bruts.
"Pallada" was consumed by no less than a share. Not zumіvshi virvatis from the taxed Port Arthur, there was bіdіrvana among the other ships after the praise of the decision about the building of the fort.
2. "DAUGHTER" OF THE EMPEROR
During the hours of Peter I, giving names to the great ships of the Russian fleet was the prerogative of the autocrat. "Aurora" did not become a vine. Nicholas II gave eleven fortune-telling names to the selection: "Aurora", "Askold", "Bogatir", "Varangian", "Naiad", "Juno", "Helion", "Psyche", "Polkan", "Boyarin", " Neptune". After a moment of thought, the emperor succinctly crossed in the margins: "Aurora".
Why did you choose to lie on the name of the ancient Roman goddess of the dawn of the ranks? From the first drive I have this version: the cruiser is really named after the glass frigate "Aurora", which took part in the defense of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in the defense of the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky forces of the English squadron under the hour of the Crimean war of 1854.
Before the speech, the arbitrariness of the dispute "Aurori" accumulated 6.4 million rubles in gold.
3. THREE ROCKS FOR KIND
The tract was connected to the water on May 11, 1900. On the upper deck of the ship, near the warehouse of the honorary varty, there was a 78-year-old sailor, who served on the frigate "Aurora".
Until 1903, the Aurora was carrying out the installation of the head machines, the ship's systems and the construction. Just the last cruiser destroyed his first long trip for the route Portland - Algiers - Bizerte - Piraeus - Port Said - port of Suez.
At the beginning of 1904, Rear Admiral Virenius, in which the Aurora was formed, received a call about the beginning of war with Japan and an order to turn to the Baltic.
4. CROCODILE AND GARDEMARINI
In the Batkivshchyna, the crew of the Avrory immediately took off the order to virusha negainoly to Vladivostok to help the Pacific Squadron.
Before an hour later on the road, berthing in an African port, the sailors took on board two domestic vikhovantsiv - crocodiles on the prestige of Sam and Togo. They were ruled by different magic, they tried to tame, alemonically. The first crocodile left the vessel at the hour of training, the other was killed at the hour of the Battle of Tsusimskoy on May 14, 1905.
On that fatal day, 50 ships of the Russian squadron sailed to the Korean Canal. If the Japanese cruisers fired heavy fire on the Russian transport ships, the Aurora, together with the flagship Oleg, entered the battle. They were assisted by Volodymyr Monomakh, Dmitro Donsky and Svitlana.
Unfortunately, bіy buv prograny. The captain of the cruiser Yevgen Ygor'ev died. At the hour of the battle, the ship's water spout was flooded, it was brought out of harmony, on the cruiser it was burned. Ale "Aurora" did not sink - she tried to break through to Vladivostok. However, the reserves of paliva were more than enough for those who reached the Philippine Islands, de in the port of Manila, the cruiser was interned by the Americans.
Only on July 10, 1905, after the end of the war in Japan, the Andriyevsky ensign was re-hoisted on the ship, the Americans allowed the cruiser to reach the native shores. Until 1913, the ship became the head ship of the midshipmen and went on long trips to Thailand and the island of Java.
5. CRUISER CHI ELEMENT PPO?
Having consumed a number of veterans, the Aurora went to the warehouse of the ships, and the patrol service of the fairways from the Finnish to the Botanical tributary relied on them. But still, it happened to fight with the Persh world war "Aurora", in truth, even in an unimaginable rank. Vaughn played the role of the PPO in the fight against small-sized aircraft of the enemy, who could fly low. I’ll put the cruiser in charge of the cruiser, having rested brightly.
6. STORM OF THE WINTER CAMPAIGN WITHOUT "AURORY"
For a long time it was important that a salvo from the Aurori near Zhovtni 1917 became a signal to the beginning of the assault on the Winter Palace, but not so.
In the spring of 1916, the Aurora began to be repaired up to the wall of the Admiralty plant. Like the fierce 1917, a strike broke out at the factory. In order to avoid the possibility of troubles on the cruisers, his commander Nikolsky fired a revolver at the sailors, as if they arbitrarily abandoned the ship, having been killed by the team, having been stabbed to death on the cruiser.
For the first time, the Aurora command was reviewed by the ship's committee. Ahead of the revolutionary approaches On July 24, 1917, the Aurora passed uphill behind the Velikaya Neva to the Mykolaiv bridge, without letting the junkers take it over.
The ship's electricians opened the bridge, connecting Vasilyevsky Island from the center of the city. It was said that on the 25th of July at 21:40 the cruiser would give a couple of blank shots, which means “Uvaga! Ready".
The harmata of the Petropavlovsk Fortress was the first to see it, and less than sweat from the Avrory, having sunk the legendary bachelor, he shot at the Zimovoy beak. The axis is only on the cob of the assault on the vіn zhodnogo vіdnoshnja not mav.
He shot, as the newspaper Pravda later confirmed, he could only call out the revolutionary masses to the point of sawing. The storming of the palace broke out in a couple of years. The signal before the new Bulo was given in volleys by the soldiers of the Peter and Paul Fortress, two of them ate at the window of the palace.
7. DO NOT OLD SOUL OF VETERAN...
In 1922, a decision was made to win the title "Aurora" as the first ship for the Baltic Fleet. In 1924, under the ensign of Radyansk, the ship made a distant trip around Scandinavia to Murmansk and Arkhangelsk. Until 1941, the cruiser-veteran wanted to switch off the warehouse for the fleet, but the war made a decision.
Part of the bullet was taken from the cruiser and vikoristan like other ships, and from the warehouse of land batteries. On April 9, 1941, an artillery battery of special recognition was formed, according to the history of the defense of Leningrad, as battery "A" after the great letter of the cruiser. It’s a pity that the battle itself lost its armor, for which the bachelor was shattered and shot at the Winter Palace.
In 1944, the cruiser "Aurora" was reinstalled on the Neva River as a "monument to the active participation of the sailors of the Baltic Fleet near the fallen bourgeois Timchas order." The cruiser took up less than 17 leaf fall in 1948 after having depicted another revolutionary cruiser, the Varyag, at the cinema.
Today, after a scheduled overhaul, the legendary cruiser "Aurora" turned anew in the place of its eternal parking.
Dmitry Sokolov.
TOPFOTO/FOTODOM,
Chekaєmo do not check yogo back from the reconstruction
"Aurora" - Russian armored cruiser I rank type "Diana". Taking the fate of the Tsusimsky battle. The cruiser "Aurora" gained all-world popularity, having given a signal with an unfriendly shot from the streak on the cob of the Zhovtnevoy revolution of 1917. During the period of the Great War, the ship took part in the defense of Leningrad. After the end of the war, having served as the head ship-blocker and the museum, standing on the parking lot on the river. Neva near St. Petersburg. Within an hour, the Aurora has become a ship-symbol of the Russian fleet and an object of the cultural decline of Russia.
The cruiser "Aurora", like and other ships of the type ("Diana" and "Pallada"), was following the shipbuilding program of 1895 with the method of "rivaling our naval forces with German forces and other powers to the Baltic". Cruisers of the "Diana" type became one of the first armored cruisers in Russia, the development of the project for some kind of protection, forwarding, reaching out to different countries. Prote for his hour (Zokrema, the hour of the Russian-Japanese war) ships of this type turned out to be ineffective through the “weakness” of rich tactical and technical elements (width, armor, armor).
At the beginning of the XX century. Zovnіshnyopolіtichne staging of Russia was foldable: savings from England, increasing threats from the side of Nіmechchini, strengthening the position of Japan. The guise of these clerks was to strengthen the army and the fleet, so that new ships were ordered. Changes in the shipbuilding program, adopted in 1895, passed the life period from 1896 to 1905. 36 new ships, among them nine cruisers, two of them (then - three) - "caravans", then armored. Over the years, three armored cruisers became the Diana class.
The basis for the development of tactical and technical elements (TTE) of future cruisers, having become the creations of S. K. Ratnik, was the project of a cruiser with a water capacity of 6000 tons, the prototype of which was the most innovative (launching in 1895) the English cruiser HMS Talbot and the French armor 1896). On the cob of worm 1896 the series was planned to be expanded to three ships, the third of them (the upcoming Aurora) was ordered to be laid down at the New Admiralty. April 20, 1896 The Marine Technical Committee (MTC) approved the technical design of the armored cruiser of the 1st rank.
On February 31, 1897, Emperor Mykola II punished the name of the cruiser "Aurora", which would be, in honor of the Roman goddess of dawn. The name bula was selected by the autocrat from eleven proposed name options. L. L. Polenov, however, is aware that the cruiser was named after the frigate Aurora, which became famous during the defense of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in the rocks of the Crimean war.
Irrespective of those who actually worked from the everyday life of the Aurori, it was significantly later, lower than the Diani and the Paladi, the official laying of a cruiser of this type was announced on the same day: January 23, 1897. With whom I first about 10 years. 30 min. . The urochist ceremony was held on board the Avroria in the presence of General-Admiral Oleksiy Oleksandrovich. The sibnu zastavnu plate was fixed between the 60th and 61st frames, that one was hoisted on specially installed flagpoles, the ensign and the guy of the future cruiser.
Cruisers of the "Diana" type could not become the first serial cruisers in Russia, but they did not reach one-man capacity among them: others were installed on the "Aurora", lower on the "Diana" and the "Pallada", cars, boilers, kermov_ outbuildings. Electric drives for the rest were designed for three different factories as an experiment: this way it was possible to recognize, how to make them appear the most efficient, so that later they could be installed on other ships of the fleet. So, the electric drives of the Avrori kermo machines were installed by the firms Siemens and Galke.
The slipways of the robot were roaring in the autumn of 1897, and the stench dragged on for three and a half years (a lot of it due to the unpreparedness of the ship's other elements). Nareshti, May 24, 1900 hull of launching boats in the presence of Emperor Mikoli II and Empress Maria Fedorivna and Oleksandr Fedorivna. After that, the installation of the main machines, additional mechanisms, salvage ship systems began, and the installation of other installations began. In 1902 p. Earlier in the Russian fleet, the Aurora took off the Hall system anchors, a novelty that could not be equipped with a two-ship type ship. Vlitka 1900 r. the cruiser passed the first test, the rest - 14 worms, 1903 r.
In the middle of the life of the cruiser (from the moment of life and until the end of running changes) took the fate of chotiri budives: E. R. de Grofe, K. M. Tokarevsky, N. I. Pushchin and A. A. Bazhenov.
The total life of Avrory is estimated at 6.4 million rubles.
The Aurori's hull has three decks: the upper one and two internal ones (battery and armor), as well as the tank top deck. On the entire perimeter of the armored deck, as it was called the life deck, a platform was laid out, and two more - on the edges of the ship.
The head cross section (below the armored deck) divides the internal space of the hold into thirteen windows. Chotiri vіdsіki (bow, boiler vіddіlen, engine vіddіlen, stern) occupy the space between the armor and battery decks and ensure the unsinkability of the ship.
The outer steel sheathing was small, 6.4 m long and up to 16 mm thick, and fastened with rows of rivets to a set of two. At the underwater part of the hull, the steel sheets were crimped with nakry, at the surface - against the stick on the lining planks. The thickness of the sheets of the bulwark sheathing was 3 mm.
The underwater part of the hull is 840 mm higher than the waterline, and the small one is the mid-section plating, so as to prevent electrochemical corrosion and that overgrowth, it was fastened to the teak wood plating, fastened to the hull with the help of bronze bolts.
At the diametrical plane on the horizontal wall there are false piers, which have two balls and are made from two types of trees (the top row is teak, the bottom row is oak).
There were two shoes on the cruiser, the foundations of which were fastened to the armored deck. Height fore-schogli - 23.8 m; grotto-schogli - 21.6 m.
The design of the armored cruiser conveys the presence of a large carapace deck, which protects all the life of the important parts of the ship (engine, boiler rooms and tiller branches, lots of artillery and mine ammunition, a central combat post, and a supply of ammunition). The horizontal part on the Avrora is 38 mm wide, as it increases to 63.5 mm on the bevels to the sides and edges.
The fighting cabin is protected from the front, from the sides and from the back by armored plates with a thickness of 152 mm, which made it possible to protect it from the stern course cuts; to the beast - an armor plate of a zavtovka 51 mm from low-magnetic steel.
Vertically armored 38 mm zavtovshki can carry projectile elevators and drive control there, without an armored deck.
The boiler plant was built from 24 boilers of the Belleville system in 1894, which were roztashovani in three types (bow, stern and middle boiler). Along the sides of the cruiser, pipes were laid for the main steam pipeline to the head steam engines. Additional boilers "Aurora", like other ships of the type, are not small. Looking back at it, the supply of bets to the additional mechanisms was carried out through the steam pipeline from the head boilers.
Above the majority of the three boiler rooms, there was a 27.4 m windpipe smoke pipe. t drive to profit.
For the placement of the pit on the "Aurora" there were 24 pits, stashed in the space between the sides, there was a boiler room, as well as 8 pits of the spare fire, which were known between the armored and battery decks by stretching the engine compartments. Qi 32 pits could hold up to 965 tons of wood; 800 tons of wood were taken as a normal stock of firewood. The total supply of water could reach 4,000 miles of sailing with 10 knots.
The main engines were three steam engines of progressive expansion (total exhaustion - 11600 k.s.). The stench is to blame but the buildings to ensure a 20-unit speed (for an hour of testing, the Aurora reached a maximum speed of 19.2 knots, which outweighed the maximum speed of the Diani and Paladi on testing). Condensation of the vaporized steam was controlled by three refrigerators; Buv is also a condenser of a bet for additional machines and mechanisms.
The engines of the cruiser are three trilobate bronze crests of gvinti. The middle screw is the screw of the left wrapper, the right one is wrapped around the year's arrow, the left one is behind the year's arrow (view from the stern on the bow).
Water system
Head of the system: check the main mass of the ship from the ship’s guards after the hole is laid. For this, one turbine was autonomously won (supply of water - 250 tons / year) at the edges, in MCO - circulation pumps of refrigerators and six turbines with water supply of 400 tons / year.
Drying system
The task of the system: water supply, which was lost after the work and water supply, or accumulated in the hull through filtration, filling the bearings, watering the sides and decks. For whom, on the ship, there was a main pipe with a red midi, which is small 31 priyomniy vdrostok and 21 rose valve. The drainage itself was carried out by three pumps of the Worthington system.
Balasna system
On the "Aurora" there was one kingstone of the flooding system at the edges and two each in the middle water-tight holes, which were controlled from the battery deck. Bring the kingstons flooded to the living deck.
Fire system
Under the armored deck on the starboard side, a chervonomid pipe of the fire main was laid. Two Worthington pumps were used to supply water. The openings to the main pipe were on the upper deck, passing into the middle turnpike for the connection of the fire hoses.
Shlyupkove ozbroєnnya
two 30-foot steam boats;
one 16-oar barge;
one 18-oar barge;
one 14-oar boat;
one 12-oar boat;
two 6-oar whaleboats;
The mustaches of the vessel were serviced by turning davits, and the steam boats were lying around.
Living quarters were covered by 570 crew members and the accommodation of the flagship was assigned to the headquarters. The lower ranks slept on the slings, stitched at the bow of the ship. 10 conductors slept in five double cabins on the armored deck, officers and admirals - in the quarters between the bow and middle smoke pipes.
The stock of food was repaid for two months, there was a refrigerator and a refrigerator.
Artillery armor "Avrory" became the height of 152-mm from the barrel of 45 caliber guns of the Canet system, placed one on the tank and one and six on the upper deck (three each from the skin board). The maximum range of shooting is up to 9800 m, the rate of fire is 5 shots per flute with a mechanical supply of projectiles and 2 shots - with a manual one. Scorching ammunition was formed from 1414 shots. The shells for their action were divided into armor-piercing, high-explosive and shrapnel.
On the upper and battery decks, twenty chotiri 75-mm from a barrel length of 50 caliber projectiles of the Canet system were installed on vertical benches of the Meller system. Range of shooting - up to 7000 m, rate of fire - 10 shots per flute with mechanical feed and 4 - with manual feed. The current ammunition load is available in 6240 armor-piercing guns. 8 single 37-mm Hotchkiss harmonies and two landing 63.5-mm Baranovsky harmonies were installed on the marsі and places. For tsikh znaryad, it was obviously 3600 and 1440 naboiv.
Mining weapons included one surface hanging torpedo tube, which fired torpedoes through the apple of the stem, and two underwater traverse shield tubes, installed on the side. Shooting with Whitehead torpedoes was carried out by squeezing for the speed of the ship up to 17 knots. The aiming of torpedo tubes was carried out for the help of three aims (one for the skin apparatus), stitched at the battle scars. Ammunition was placed in large torpedoes with a caliber of 381 mm and a range of 1500 m.
At the mine, 35 spherical mines were also included, which could be installed from rafts or boats and boats of the ship. On the sides of the "Avrory" they hung on special tubular poles of the fence mesh, as if the cruiser was at anchor in the open road.
The sound of the ship's call was secured by signal ensigns, as well as (more commonly) "Manzhen's combat lights" - searchlights with a mirror diameter of 75 cm. "Aurora" is small on the six searchlights. For the night distant sound signalization on the cruiser, there were two sets of fires of the system of Colonel V. V. Tabulevich. This new one for that hour was made up of two lights of red and white colors. To strengthen the strength of the light fires, a special combustible powder was zastosovuvavsya, allowing for friendly meteorological minds to burn fires with a windmill up to 10 miles. The signalization was made by the transmission of numbers after the Morse code: a fleck was signified by a white lighter, and a dash - by a red one.
Caution zdіysnyuvalos for the help of zorovye tubes and binoculars.
The cruiser's artillery fire control system allowed the artillery officer to control all the ship's artillery and skin shells. The distance to the point was fought for the help of the distant world of the Barra ta Pratsi system purchased in England.
The protracted trial runs allowed the Aurora to make its first trip by the sea on more than 25 Spring 1903. Cruiser with directions to Dalekii Skhid following the route Portland - Algiers - La Spezia - Bizerte - Piraeus - Port Said - port of Suets. Having reached Djibouti for example, 1904 The day of Rear Admiral A. A. Virenius found out about the cob of war from Japan and drove back to the Baltic, where it arrived before April 1904.
After turning to the Baltic, the Aurora bula was turned on to the warehouse of the 2nd squadron of the Pacific Fleet, as it was small enough to get to Vladivostok, in order, first, to help the ships of the 1st Pacific squadron, and, in a different way, destroy the Japanese fleet і establish panuvannya in the Sea of Japan. The cruiser entered the command of Vice-Admiral Z. P. Rozhestvensky, and on July 2, 1904. having left Libava at the warehouse of the same day, having thereby himself made a trip to the Pacific Ocean.
On the 7th of August, the cruiser and the 1st day of the day reached the shores of Great Britain, as it was a political opponent of Russia in the fight against Japan and an ally of the rest, - Z. P. Rozhdestvensky ordered that all ships be brought to the camp of combat readiness. Near the Dogger Banks area, the aircraft found an unknown vessel (which appeared to be British fishing vessels) and fired at them. Moreover, the fire of the armadillos was also consumed by the Aurora and Dmitro Donsky. This so-called Gulsky incident caused a great international scandal.
Until 1 January 1905, the squadron of Z. P. Rozhestvensky reached Van Phong Bay, the stars went on the rest of the transition to Vladivostok. On the night of May 14, 50 ships sailed to the Korean channel, decal, for some time now, the Battle of Tsusim was fought. During the course of the battle, the Aurora was at the warehouse of the Cruiser's corral of Rear Admiral O. A. Enkvist. Through the defense of Z.P. Rozhdestvensky, the Aurora ship, like other cruisers of its own ship, did not take part in the first 45th battle (from 13 years. 45 minutes to 14 years. 30 minutes). Up to 14 years old. 30 min. nine Japanese cruisers chose as their method the transport ships of the Russian squadron, and "Aurora" at once from the flagship cruiser "Oleg" entered the battle with them. The world of possibilities was also helped by Volodymyr Monomakh, Dmitro Donsky and Svetlana. The defeat of the Russian squadron is inevitable. On the following night, 15 January, the divisions of the ships of the Russian squadron made a good test for the break to Vladivostok. So, "Aurora", "Oleg" and "Pearl" tried so hard, but unsuccessfully. Uhilyayuchis in the face of torpedo attacks of Japanese destroyers, tsі ships withdrew the order of O. A. Enkvist to turn on the pivden, and thereby deprive the battle zone of that Korean canal. Until 21 January, three cruisers with paliva reserves, which may have run out, could reach the Philippine Islands, where in the port of Manila they were interned by the Americans. Under the hour of the battle Tsusima "Aurora" took off serious damage; 10 people on the crew were killed, another 80 were injured. The only one who died in battle as an officer of the cruiser was the commander of the captain of the 1st rank E. G. Egor'ev.
Perebuvayuchi in Manila for several months, the crew of "Avrory" self-driving carried out repair and maintenance work. July 10, 1905, after notifying about the end of the war with Japan, on the cruiser Andriyevsky Prapor and Guys were again raised; the Americans turned the locks on the buildings earlier. Rejecting the order to turn to the Baltic, the Aurora reached Libavi on the 19th of February 1906. Then I looked around the ship. After that, the forces of the Franco-Russian, Obukhivsky plant and the Kronstadt Viysk port underwent repairs of the cruiser and the first artillery construction. Already 1907 - 1908 "Aurora" could take the fate of the first voyages.
Tsikavo, scho vіtchiznіnі vіyskovo-maritime constructors 1906, tobto. if the "Aurora" turned less to Libavy, they appreciated the new yakіsny rіven development of shipbuilding in other lands. The head inspector of shipbuilding, K.K. for the type of cruiser "Novik". Prote tsia the proposition of the vikonan was not bula.
When the spring is near, 1907 Since a new classification of ships of the Russian fleet has been introduced, then it’s a good idea (cruisers are now divided into armored cruisers and cruisers, and not by ranks and fallow in the armored system) Aurora, just like Diana, was introduced to cruisers.
In 1909 p. "Diana" (flagship), "Aurora" and "Bogatir" were included in the warehouse "For the corral of ships, recognized for navigation with ship midshipmen", and after the last glance of Nicholas II, they broke on July 1, 1909 in the Mediterranean Sea, in the waters of which they were rebuked until birch 1910 In the course of an hour, an impersonal task was carried out to occupy it. 1911 - 1913 rr. "Aurora" was left with the head ship, having gone far sailing to Thailand, on about. Java.
At the Lipnya, born in 1914 accumulations vuzol protirіch mizh kraїnami dvoh blocіv - Entente and Nіmechchini z її allies - rozіrvavsya, and began the first world war. In the middle of May, after the decimal interruption, the Aurora bula was turned on to the warehouse of warships, and it was ordered to another brigade of cruisers. All the ships of the brigade were awakened before the Russian-Japanese war, so the command jumped to beat them up as a sentinel service.
At the leaf fall-chest, 1914 "Aurora" shielded the fairways that led from Finnish to Botnichnaya inflows. During the winter, "Aurora" and "Diana", as it was also included in the warehouse of that plant, spent at Sveaborz, where in an hour they went through a lot of modernization. Potim - that skerry service is again sentinel.
Less than an hour of the campaign of 1916 "Aurora" had a chance to take the fate of the combat operations. At the same time, the cruiser was at the disposal of the command of the Naval Corps, where they laid down on it to sleep with the control of the ship. For this reason, the cruiser's 75-mm armatures were re-possessed in such a rank, so that they could fire on small aircraft, fly low, which was necessary for successful shooting at aircraft during the First World War. So, while staying in the Rizkiy zatotsі "Aurora", it successfully reproduced the attacks from the repetition.
But on the ship it was necessary to carry out repairs, which is why on the 6th of spring 1916. "Aurora" arrived in Kronstadt. At the Veresni її, they were transferred to Petrograd to the pre-Budov building of the Admiralty plant. In an hour of repair, another bottom was replaced in the MCO area, having removed new boilers and repaired steam engines. It was necessary to modernize and upgrade the cruiser: the largest cut of the 152-mm garmat and apparently the maximum range of the shooter was increased; a month was prepared for the installation of three 76.2-mm anti-aircraft guns of the F.F. Lender system, however, they were installed only in 1923.
February 27, 1917 at the Admiralty and Franco-Russian factories, which were repaired by forces, a strike began. The commander of the "Aurori" M.I. Nikolsky, in order to prevent a riot on the ship, he fired at the sailors who tried to go ashore, fire from a revolver, for which, as a result of shootings by the rising team. At that moment, the commanders of the ship were scouring the ship's committee.
Z 24 Zhovtnya 1917 "Aurora" took the fate of the revolution without a middle ground: at the order of the Timchasov Revolutionary Committee (VRC), the whole day the cruiser climbed uphill for the flow of the Great Neva River from the mining wall of the plant to the Mykolaivsky bridge, built by the junkers, zmusivshi yoga. Then the electricians of "Avrory" called to open the bridge, and by the same token they brought Vasilievsky Island from the center of the city. On the next day, the strategic objects of the place were changed in the hands of the Bilshoviks. For housekeeping with the secretary of the Military Revolutionary Committee V.A. Antonovim-Ovsienkom "Aurora" "soon before the beginning of the attack of the Winter Palace on the signal building of Petropavlivka, give a couple of unfriendly buildings from a six-inch." About 21 years old. 40 min. after following the Petropavlovsk Fortress, and after five quills, the Aurora shot one single shot from the bow 152-mm harmonica, which made her famous. However, the storming of the Winter Palace with tsim was shot directly, no hitting, the shards appeared later.
Naprikintsі Zhovtnya 1922 the reconstruction of the cruiser began, so that a distant victor could become the first ship for the Baltic Fleet. On the holy day of February 23, 1923, regardless of those that the Aurora was technically unprepared, the ensign and guis was raised on the cruiser. For a worm 1923 the hull of the ship was significantly refurbished, three of the newest wines were rebuilt, among which the artillery cellars and elevators were rebuilt. So, "Aurora" took ten 130-mm garmats (replacement 152-mm), two 76.2-mm anti-aircraft missiles of the Lender system, two pairs of 7.62-mm machine guns "Maxim". On the 18th linden, the cruiser took part in the maneuvers of the ships of the Baltic fleet.
Ale, the canonization of the Aurori began earlier. On September 3, 1923, the Central Vikonavchiy Committee took patronage over the cruiser, tobto. The supreme body of the structure of sovereign power. It immediately promoted the ideological and political status of the ship, calling it a symbol of revolution.
In 1924 "Aurora" zdіysnil its first distant voyage under the Ryan ensign: the cruiser rounded Scandinavia, the reach of Murmansk and Arkhangelsk. Right up to 1927. the ship took part in various campaigns (most importantly in the territorial waters of the SRSR). 2 leaf fall 1927 in honor of the 10th river of the revolution, "Aurora" was awarded the only sovereign city at that time - the Order of the Red Prapor:
“Presidium, we are honoring the hoardings by the day of the 10th anniversary of the Zhovtnevoy revolution, the struggle of the cruiser Aurora at the forefront of the revolution, awarding him with the Order of the Red Ensign for the sign he showed at the Day of Zhovtnya.
(Z praised the CEC.) "
The epic film “Zhovten” was filmed by the same roci, and “Aurora” took the fate of the zomka. Tsі dvі podії zrobili cruiser more vіdomіshim.
Since 1928, the cruiser has again become the head ship and has been scrupulously trained to go on board with cadets for the cordon. Zokrema, "Aurora" saw Copenhagen, Svenemyund, Oslo, Bergen. Visit to Bergen near Serpni 1930 becoming for "Aurori" the last out-of-the-way campaign through the wear of boilers (there was a third of them brought out of operation). The cruiser needed a major overhaul, which violating the example of 1933. In 1935 For various reasons, apart from the fact that morally and technically the old ship was under repair, the repair was delayed. Now it has become non-self-propelled through those who work for the plant. March didn’t catch the hour of repair to replace the boilers, “Aurora” happened to become the first fireman: they were taken to the Skhidny Kronstadt roadstead, and cadets of the first courses of the military-naval schools were trained on it.
On the thought of deyaky doslidnikiv, in 1941. "Aurora" was planned to be switched off from the warehouse to the fleet; If there was a threat to the exit of the German troops to Leningrad, the cruiser would be negainally included in the Kronstadt anti-aircraft defense system. More chervni 1941 the cadets of the "Aurori" went to the front, then the cruiser crew began to step by step (on the cob of war - 260 people), which they put on the ships of the Baltic Fleet, which are to die, or to the front.
Ten 130-mm garmats, a couple of 76.2-mm anti-aircraft garmats, three 45-mm garmats, and one Maxim machine gun are small on the cob of the Aurora. Z lime 1941 From the "Aurori" they began to dismantle the її artillery armor and vikoristovuvat yogo or other ships (for example, on the gunboats of the Chudskoy Vіyskovoї flotilla), or vikoristovuvat at the warehouse of land batteries. 9 lime 1941 іz 9 130-mm missiles of the cruiser formed an artillery battery of a special purpose. From the visukanihs in the arsenals of Leningrad and Kronstadt, a squad of nevdovs formed a battery to each other, and insults were transferred to the 42nd Army of the Leningrad Front. In the history of the defense of Leningrad, they stink like battery "A" ("Aurora") and battery "B" ("Baltiets" / "Bilshovik"). With the help of the crew of the "Aurori" in the special warehouse of the battery "A" there was only a small number. On the advancing enemy, battery "A" fired fire on the 6th of spring, 1941. Slowly, the battery led the way through the German tanks, fighting at the edge until the last shell. At the end of the eighth day of the battle, 165 of the special depots were reduced to less than 26.
The cruiser "Aurora" itself, having taken part in the fighting actions near Leningrad on 8 spring 1941. the crew, which was left on the ship, had a chance to see the signs of the German aviation, and on 16 April, according to eyewitnesses, the Avrory anti-aircraft gunners were able to shoot down one fortune teller in the distance. At any given time, the Aurora constantly kept up under artillery shelling, and German batteries drove every hour until the end of the blockade of Leningrad. For the last hour of war, the cruiser took off less than 7 hits. For example, falling leaves and dying living on a cruiser became unbearable, and the crew was transferred to the shore.
So I’m modest about it, but I still mean the fate of the Aurora in the defense of Leningrad, N. G. Kuznetsov, People’s Commissar of the Navy of the SRSR, said:
The cruiser "Aurora" did not represent a serious combat value, but did its best to serve all the wars. On the next ship, there is a bagatar service, after that, as the stench has “spent” the cobs of combat power. Such a cruiser "Aurora".
In 1944 the creation of the Leningrad Nakhimov Military and Marine School was celebrated. Part of the Nakhimovites was planned to be deployed on a floating base, which is so small for the Aurora. Prote for the decisions of A. A. Zhdanov, the cruiser "Aurora" was once again installed on the Neva, "like a monument to the active participation of the sailors of the Baltic Fleet near the fallen bourgeois Timchasov order." At once, the robots began to improve the water resistance of the cruiser's hull, which eliminated the numerical fluctuations. During a major overhaul (from the middle of the lime tree of 1945 to the middle of the leaf fall of 1948), the following repairs were carried out: the hull, the combs of the gvinti, the onboard steam engines, the onboard combs, the shaft brackets of the onboard machines, the boilers, which were missing; also, a reconnaissance was carried out at the link with the new function of the floating mother ship. (Unfortunately, this perebudova was negatively marked on the preservation of the historical sight of the cruiser. Before the speech, the fate of the Aurora in the role of Varyag in the one-part film, shot in 1947, was also added to it.) 17 leaf fall 1948 p. the cruiser first took its place at the eternal station on the Great Nevtsy. At the same time, a graduation company of Nakhimovites was placed on the Avroria. From what hour until 1961
The ship, named after I have chosen the emperor, is the symbol of St. Petersburg.
Shipyard "New Admiralteystvo" exactly 107 years ago - 4 worms, 1897 - started the life of the legendary cruiser "Aurora". Emperor Mykola II specially chose the name for the vessel, as well as the day of the day of launching at 1900 roci.At the moment, the cruiser "Aurora" is under repair in Kronstadt and checks the turn to Petrogradskaya embankment.
SPB.AIF.RU collected five facts about the legendary ship, how to turn around in its historical place in 2016.
"Polkan" or "Bogatir"
Armored cruiser of the first rank "Aurora" became the last in a series of three ships with a water tonnage of 6.6 thousand tons, which were at the shipyard "Nova Admiralteystvo" for example of the 19th century.The first two ships of the project were named Pallada and Diana. The third protyazh rock bezimenny. According to tradition, which is known from the hours of Peter I, the right to give names to great ships belonged to the emperor. A list was laid before Nicholas II, who was named like this: “Helion”, “Juno”, “Psyche”, “Polkan”, “Boyarin”, “Neptune”, “Askold”, “Bogatir”, “Varangian” and “Aurora” ". The Emperor urged the rest, and also so that there were no pardons, having written yogo in the margins with his own hand.
The ship, which will be, was named Aurora by order on April 6, 1897.Vtіm, earlier I had the same name wearing a trichoglove frigate frigate. That Aurora was born in 1835 near St. Petersburg at the Okhtinsky shipyard.
Cruiser Aurora". Campaign 1902 Roku Photo: Commons.wikimedia.org
Crocodile, lemur and boa constrictor
The cruiser was hurriedly launched at Peterburz in 1900. The ceremony was attended by Emperor Mykola II, as well as Empress Maria Feodorivna and Oleksandra Feodorivna.
In 1905, when the Aurora sailed to the coast of Japan in the fall of the Russian-Japanese war, two crocodiles lived on board the ship - the stinks were the sailors' home wives. The reptiles were taken on board in one of the African ports, and they were rebuked on the way to Japan.The crocodiles were called Himself and That. According to the writings of the writer Yuriy Chernov, who spoke about sailors from the Aurori at the book “The share of the Aurori temple”, there were also sprats of chameleons, lemurs and a boa constrictor on board. Exotic creatures the crew took on board after the death of the dog Sharik.Reptiles were not easy to check: He himself threw himself off the deck and perished, and Togo was beaten in the hour of the Battle of Tsusim.
The cruiser "Aurora" was tested for an hour on 14 chervnya 1903 year Photo: Commons.wikimedia.org
Cover yourself at Tsushimi
Another squadron of the Pacific Fleet, which had 38 warships and auxiliary ships, reached the coast of Japan. Podolav three oceans, won could not pass the Korean channel. There, 89 ships of the Japanese fleet were minted on it under the ensign of Admiral Heihachiro Togo (ed. note - the crocodile on the Aurora was named honor on it).
With the most intense fire, the Japanese tried to get the armadillos in tune.
The cruiser "Aurora" zooms to stand at the battle near Tsushimi, stealing ships. The hull of the ship was bent over by the wounded Russian battleships. In this battle, only three cruisers survived - "Perli", "Oleg" and "Aurora". So the Russians could stand one destroyer and two additional ships. At the Battle of Tsusim, the Aurora took about 10 hits with shells of caliber from 75 to 200 mm, five rounds were fired out of the fret. 16 people were killed for the crew, the zokrema was the captain of the ship Yevgen Ygor'ev. Also, 89 members of the crew were wounded (for other tributes - 15 killed and 83 wounded).
Landing cruisers near the Philippine port of Manila. There, the Americans disbanded the ships. The stench left a foreign harbor only in 1905, when a peace treaty was signed from Japan.
Shipment of the cruiser for repairs near Kronstadt. Photo: AIF / Irina Sergeenkova
Discord volley of revolution
The cruiser "Aurora" is considered one of the main symbols of the Zhovtnevoy revolution of 1917, forward through the historical building at night on the 26th of July.Every time a volley is fired at the bagats, the bags are full. On the right, the Aurori team quickly hurried to reconsider everyone who, having believed the legend about shooting the Winter Palace with live shells, sent a note to the newspaper. It was said in her that there was only one single volley from the ship, which serves as a call to “fullness and readiness”.You can’t call it a signal one, the shards of yoga were fired at 21:40 Moscow time, and the storming of the Winter Palace began as early as after the alarm.The sailors, who were given a note in the Pravda newspaper, were respectfully told that the ship did not shoot at the Winter Palace with live shells and did not threaten the lives of ordinary people.
Cruiser - actor
After the Great Great Veterinary War, "Aurora", as it took off serious losses, arrived at the Baltic Shipyard for repairs, de її small to prepare before being installed on the eternal parking lot.
At the same time, the ship's officials from Radiansk were arguing for a loan from a film about the cruiser "Varyag". Until that moment, the rest was already lying on the bottom of the Irish Sea, to which the legendary cruiser Aurora played its role, which the filmmakers had the opportunity to significantly “make up”, changing his look. The film was presented to the public in 1946.
Avrora - Cruiser of the 1st rank of the Baltic Fleet. Aurora commemorated with her salvo the present new era of the history of Russia. And what is the true story of the cruiser "Aurora"? Іsnuє anonymous little facts about Aurora, about yakі timetsya below.
Cruiser "Aurora": Mifi ta Facti
After the ship was stretched more, lower by 6 years - the Aurora was launched on January 11, 1900 at 11 years 15 hvilin, and to the warehouse of the fleet (after the completion of all production work) the cruiser uveyshov was only 16 years old, 1903.
Cruiser "Aurora": Mifi ta Facti
As unique as it is for its fighting qualities, the whole ship is already no way. The cruiser could not boast of a special sailing speed (a total of 19 bunkers - squadrons of battleships that hour developed 18 bunkers), nor defences. Ships of the type of armored cruisers ("Bogatir") were rich in swidkokhіdnіshimi and twice as thin. The first appointment of officers and teams to the group of “goddesses of witchcraft warfare” was not very kind - the cruisers of the “Diana” type were small, impersonal, short-lived and constantly lamalized.
Tim is not less than his commanders - surveillance of intelligence, the destruction of merchant ships of the enemy, the protection of liner ships against attacks of fortune-telling mine-carriers, the patrol service - cruisers with a large number of ships, a solid (about seven thousand tons) water-tonnage and moraine capacity. For the full supply of water (1430 tons), the Aurora could go from Port Arthur to Vladivostok and turn back.
All cruisers were assigned to the Pacific Ocean, de nazriving a military conflict from Japan, and the first two ships were already on the Far Descent. Spring 25, 1903 Aurora with a crew of 559 people under the command of Captain 1st Rank I. V. Sukhotina left Kronstadt. At the Mediterranean Sea, the Aurora arrived at the paddock of Rear Admiral A. A. Virenius, which was formed from the squadron battleship Oslyabya, the cruiser Dmitro Donsky, and a large number of destroyers and additional ships. However, on the Far Skhid, they were late - in the African port of Djibouti, on Russian ships, they learned about the night attack of the Japanese on the Port Arthur squadron and an ear of war. Followed the distance, it was risky, the Japanese fleet blocking Port Arthur, and there was a great opportunity for the enemy with the overpowering forces of the enemy. There was a proposition that Vladivostok cruisers would fly to the Singapura region and go together with them to Vladivostok, and not to Port Arthur, but the whole reasonable proposition was not accepted.
On April 5, 1904, the Aurora turned to Kronstadt, de її turned on to the warehouse of the 2nd Pacific Squadron under the command of Vice Admiral Rozhestvensky, as it was getting ready to go to the Far Koshidny theater of combat operations. Here, at the height of eight, the head-caliber bullet was covered with armored shields - the proof of the battle in the Arthurian squadron showed that the tricks of high-explosive Japanese shells literally mow down the defenses of a special warehouse. From the other side, the commander changed on the cruiser - he became a captain of the 1st rank E. R. Egor'ev. On July 2, 1904, at the warehouse of the squadron "Aurora" suddenly broke down on the road - to Tsushimi.
Admiral Rozhdestvensky buv was satisfied with the non-standard specialty. In the midst of the impersonal "primh" of the admiral, the bula was advancing - to give a sound to the entrusted combat ships of the prize, even far away from the sights of red writing. So, the cruiser "Admiral Nakhimov" was called "Idiot", the battleship "Sisy the Great" - "Invalid shack", and so on. At the warehouse of the squadron there were two ships with women's names - the big yacht "Svitlana" and "Aurora". The commander named the first cruiser "Pokoivkoya", and "Aurora" was awarded the title "Most pidzabirna". Knowing bi Rozhdestvensky, what kind of ship it is called so...
"Aurora" lunged at the paddock of the cruisers of Rear Admiral Enkvist, and during the Tsusim battle, she summed up the order of Rozhdestvensky - she covered the transport. The task force obviously did not undermine the strength of some Russian cruisers, against which they fought back to the top, and then sixteen Japanese. In the sight of the heroic death of them, only those who rushed down to them a column of Russian armadillos, who saw the enemy, who attacked them, rushed in. We would like to single out the cruiser at the battle without being identified - the author of the attributions to "Aurora" by the Radyansk dzherelami ushkodzhen, as if having taken away the Japanese cruiser "Izumi", was actually the cruiser "Volodimir Monomakh".
On the cob of the Battle of Tsusimskaya on May 14, Aurora followed another flagship cruiser in the corral "Oleg", tacking the convoy of transports right off the bat. About 14:30 at the warehouse of your own paddock at once with a paddock (2 cruisers, 1 additional cruiser), joining the 3rd (4 cruisers, Vice-Admiral S. Diva) and 4th (4 cruisers, Rear Admiral S. .Uriu) with Japanese combat corrals, and about 15:20 also with the 6th Japanese combat corral (4 cruisers, Rear Admiral K. Togo). Close to 16:00, the ship consumed the fire of two armored cruisers of the 1st Japanese battle paddock, having taken serious trouble and additionally entered the battlefield of the 5th Japanese battle paddock (3 cruisers, 1 coastal defense battleship, Vice Admiral S. Kataoka). Close to 16:30 at the same time from the corral pishov pіd zahist not shooting on board the Russian armadillos, but about 17:30-18:00 taking the fate of the remaining phase of the cruising battle.
In this battle, the ship took close to 10 hits with shells of 8 to 3 inches caliber, the crew spent 15 people killed and 83 wounded. Having died, the commander of the ship is a captain of the 1st rank E. R. Egor'ev - Vіn buv mortally wounded by a fragment of a shell, which he had eaten near the conning tower (burial near the sea at 15 ° 00′ PN, 119 ° 15′ N). (At the Russian-Japanese war, he took the fate and the son of a commander, who served on the Vladivostok squadron of cruisers (on the cruiser "Rosiya"), who became rear admiral for radio hours and wrote the history of the sea and sea at the Leningrad Institute of Fine Arts of Optics. )
After the death of the captain of the Aurora command, he took over the senior officer captain of the 2nd rank A.K. Nebolsin, also wounded. The cruiser Aurora, having taken 37 holes, prote no viishov out of tune. Seriously poshkodzhenі buli dimovі trumpets, flooded vіdіlennya prow mine apparatus and kіlka vugіlnyh pits of the front stoker. On the cruiser, the fry was extinguished. Viyshli out of tune all distant stations, chotiri 75-mm and one 6-dm zbroya.
On the night of 14/15 May, following the flagship of the corral, forcing heading up to 18 knots, at the temryavі vіdirvavsya in the opposite direction and turning on pіvday. After a few attempts to turn to pivnich, in response to torpedo attacks by Japanese destroyers, two ships of O. A. Enkvist's corral - "Oleg" and "Aurora" - with the cruiser "Perli", which arrived before them, arrived on 21 May in the neutral port of Manila), de buli interned on May 27, 1905 by American rule until the end of the war. From the command, a signature was taken about non-failure from the distant military actions. For the rejoicing of the ill and the wounded, as on the transition to the Far Skhid, so in the course of that next battle on the ship, the x-ray machine was used - it was better for light practice to stop roentgenoscopy in the ship's minds.
In 1906, the Aurora turned to the Baltic, becoming the commanding ship of the Naval Corps. Undergoing a major overhaul of the hull and mechanisms near St. Petersburg in 1906-1908. with the dismantling of torpedo tubes, the installation of an additional two 6-inch znaryad zamіst chotiriox 75-mm, the installation of rails for the installation of min barriers. October 10, 1907 reclassifications from rank I cruisers to a cruiser.
From the autumn of 1909 to the spring of 1910 "Aurora" launched a long-distance voyage with the "midship pen" near the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Saw the ports of Vigo, Algeria, Bizerte, Toulon, Villefranche-sur-Mer, Smirna, Naples, Messina, Souda, Piraeus, Poros, Gibraltar, Vigo, Cherbourg, Kiel. Under the hour of swimming at the warehouse of Mankovsky's corral (4 cruisers), having changed at the ports of Greece at the svyazku from the threat of a military stabbing there. From the autumn of 1910 to the spring of 1911, the ship changed boats at another distant initial voyage for the route Libava - Khristianzand - Vigo - Bizerta - Piraeus and Poros - Messina - Malaga - Vigo - Cherbourg - Libava. From 1911, having changed with the brigade of cruisers of the 1st reserve. From the autumn of 1911 to the summer of 1912, the Aurora sailed on the third long first voyage to participate in the urochisty on the occasion of the coronation of the King of Siam (16 leaf fall - 2 December 1911), saw the ports of the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Indian and Pacific Ocean. In 1912, the cruiser entered the warehouse of the international squadron of the “protecting powers” of Crete, standing like a Russian hospital near the bay of Sudu.
First Svіtova war "Aurora" was caught near the warehouse of another brigade of cruisers of the Baltic Fleet (along with "Oleg", "Bogatyr" and "Diana"). The Russian command recognized the breakthrough of the mighty German Fleet of the Deep Sea near the Finnish inlet and the attack on Kronstadt and on St. Petersburg. For parіruvannya tsієї threats were placed quickly mini and possessed the Central mine-artillery position. The cruisers were supposed to carry out sentinel service in the arm of the Finnish inlet in order to promptly inform about the appearance of German dreadnoughts. The cruisers went on patrol in pairs, and after the completion of the term of patrolling, one pair changed its course. The first success of the Russian ships reached as early as 26 September, when the German light cruiser Magdeburg was on the stone island of Odensholm. The cruiser "Pallada" (the older sister "Aurori" perished in Port Arthur, and the new "Pallada" was prompted after the Russian-Japanese war) and "Bogatir" tried to capture the enemy's shameless ship. Although the Germans wanted to understand their cruiser, at home the Russian divers knew the secret German ciphers, and they did good service to the Russians and the English.
Ale Russian ships were checking for a new nebezpeka - from the zhovtnya on the Baltic Sea, the children of the German waters began. The antitichovnova defense in the fleets of the earthly world was also in the nascent camp - no one knew how to defeat the invisible enemy, which is under the water, and how to vanquish one of the rapt attacks. No projectiles, no, more, clay bombs and sonar were not close. Surface ships could only pay for a good old ram - even if you didn’t take it seriously, anecdotal instructions were broken, in which it was punished to twist the marked periscopes with bears and turn them with sledgehammers. On July 11, 1914, at the entrance to the Finnish flood, the German submarine ship "U-26" under the command of Captain-Lieutenant von Berkheim, sighted two Russian cruisers: I finished the patrol service "Pallada" and went to replace the "Aurora". The commander of the German submarine with German pedantry and scrupulousness assessed and classified the numbers - for all the stats, the new armored cruiser was richly attached to the type of equipment, a veteran of the Russian-Japanese war. The sinking torpedoes screamed at the Pallade the detonation of a lot of ammunition, and the cruiser, having sunk at once with the rest of the crew, was left with only a handful of sailor caps on the winds ... The Aurora flared up and hid near the skerries. I don’t want to call again the Russian sailors near the battlegrounds - as it has already been said, they still didn’t fight against the waters, and the Russian command already knew about the tragedy in the Pivnichny Sea, which had been drunk ten days earlier, having sunk the English armored ship. "Aurora" suddenly sank into ruin - the share clearly took the cruiser
On the role of "Aurora" at the bottom of Zhovtnya 1917, the fate of Petrograd was especially not varto - it was said more than enough about it. It’s more respectful that the threat of shooting down the Winter Palace from the cruiser’s shell was pure bluff. The cruiser was standing at the repair, and to that all the ammunition from the new was checked at the latest level to the instructions. And the stamp “volley “Aurori” is purely grammatically incorrect, the shells “volley” - they shot at least two barrels at once. It sounds like the legends about the aurora are a symbol of the revolution - a myth.
In 1918, the Avrora plant was rebuked at the vіdstoї, and in the spring of 1919, the rock was at the conservation. In the spring of 1922, a special commission rounded up the ship and made a windmill: “The ship’s old state and the nature of the ship’s bringing to the rescue made it possible to bring the ship ready for repair as a command ship.” In 1940-1945, Aurora stood in Oranienbaum. In 1948, the cruiser was placed on the "eternal parking" along the mooring wall of the Velikaya Nevka, where the ship-museum is now located. However, the current cruiser is no more than a replica, the shards during the rest of the reconstruction in 1984 were replaced by over 50% of the hull and overhead. Among the most important features in comparison with the original is the installation of welded seams on the new building and the replacement of rivet technology. The ship itself was towed to the military naval base of the Navy near the coastal waters of the Finnish tributary near the village of Ruchchi, and was partly flooded. Parts of the ship, which were washed from the water, like the 80s, were stretched on metal materials by the inhabitants of the village.
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