Over the course of a year, she got a sharp look, and solutions appeared ready, which are now being replicated throughout the entire plant. The meta-program "Thrifty Virobnitstvo" is enshrined in an order that is formulated in the following order: "Create a virobnichi system, as if without spending, reacting to changes in conjuncture, allowing you to take the minimum commitment and reduce the cost."
Today at the plant, five blocks of programs are being implemented at the same time.
- New organization of production and planning.
Purpose: to organize the flows of robots, the skin stages of those to bring additional value.
To reach the goal, an offensive algorithm is used:
- take a list of products for enlarged or specified nomenclature; sort (for decline) products by tonnage or pennies;
- reveal a part of the skin name with a zahal;
- cumulative result is a part of the production, at the borders of which 80% of the tonnage of chi pennies are harvested. Won, sing, become from 15 to 23% (Pareto rule);
- sort the list for profitability/unprofitability of products;
- for cost-effective products, the speed of the production cycle of the main streams was 2 times (anterior analysis revealed the presence of the stock in 5-10 (!) times);
- for unprofitable products, move to a positive profitability of the main streams of 2%.
In order to maximally approximate the hour of the passage of the product by the flow to that term, at which skin stage the value is added, we use the "blowing" method: we pass one preparation (virib) along the flow, we do not take it to our economical indications.
- TPM1 - marginal service efficiency (in factory terms).
Purpose: to minimize the risks, to cover the breakage of possession.
This block includes two warehouses.
- 1) Preventive maintenance service: folding and scheduling of the obov'yazkovyh shkodennyh procedures (oiling, cleaning, overhauling the obladnannya). On the number of robots, up to 30% of the paid engagement of workers falls. Practice has shown that spіvrobіtnikіv smoothly zmusit fold qі graphics, and also vikonuvat їх.
2) Improvement in the ability to repair the property, as it occurs in two stages (Fig. 1).
Stage 1. Forming a repair history (on Russian industrial enterprises, as a rule, not):
- make up the appearance of downtime (the form "Speak about downtime and work");
- fold the diagram of the node-by-node division of possession (tabular description);
- rozrahuvat napratsyuvannya on vіdmova vuzlіv/details and/or take the statistics of output from vіdmovu vіdmі vuzlіv/detalіv;
- add up a schedule of planned replacement of components/parts with directives for repair - planned and early repairs (PPR);
- implement the PPR schedule by putting signs about replacements in the scheme of node-by-node breakdown of the control.
Stage 2. Transition to the replacement of knots/details in a similar manner to their real state. For whom it is necessary to see:
- high-convantage nodes/details; knots/details with a wide range of wrapping;
- knots/details that work at high temperatures and/or in a sawed-down medium;
- details of great metal capacity; knots/details that are important to understand.
- Kaizen is the main production flow.
Meta: post-improvement in the revealed and usunenny vtrata in the main causative potency. We have won attestation cards (Fig. 2) (for working areas and placement of a workshop / worker) for nine ostentatious employees - nine types of expenses: stocks, defects, downtime, overhead work, zayvimi rukhami, creative expenses for personnel, unnecessary transportation, superfluous processes, bezladdyami. at the work station. The expenses are turned off one by one by the way of cyclical attestation - the installation of indications in the efficiency of "Lean manufacturing" for five equals of the obviousness of the expenses. From the first, which fixes the current state of "we are like that", up to the mark of the fifth equal "so we want to become" (Fig. 3).
For three types of costs - stocks, downtime, defects - we developed the "Model of Economical Development of Variable Costs" (Fig. 4), as a guide on the overall documentation of the plant, and it was understood by the workshop practitioners.
- Zahalnozavodskі reserves.
- Energy saving.
The result of the promotion of the factory program "Lean Manufacturing" was the training of the workers in KUMZ to the system of transformation, the change of the previous setting to work. People have awakened healthy ambitions, as well as the hope to work in a different way.
- Utrobina Irina- Manufacturer of the Zahalnozavodskogo project "Lean Manufacturing" of the BAT "KUMZ"
Shchepetov Evgen- Intercessor of the General Director for the reengineering of business processes of the BAT "KUMZ"
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Gently promoting the competitiveness of any medical organization, increasing the efficiency of the business, allowing you to give services in a short term with minimal costs, but with the necessary quality. The principles of prudent variability are based on the greatest value for the patient's respite, short-term expenses, frailty, increased client satisfaction and development of the clinic staff. And now I’m going to take a look at the damned butt of our practice.
Our permanent client has violated the principles of prudent workmanship in the work of his own medical organization, and at the same time indulged him with minimal charges and in a short term. And also the clerk bov duzhe turbovaniya dumka tired clinic staff. It was necessary for them to form a stable, patient-oriented, trained to a permanent work team, to reduce tension in the ventricles between patients and medical personnel by way of reporting to the team. Therefore, our task was to reveal processes that reduce the quality of the servants.
Conducting a detailed conversation with our uninterrupted client and staff of the medical mortgage, we set a rough plan for the work and lowered the set targets. For the cob, vikoristovuyuchi principles of sparing virobnitstv, our fahіvtsі carried out the diagnosis of the damage of this medical organization, then from vikoristannyam sing tekhnіk folded a clear plan for their adoption. We have organized a robot call-center of the clinic, which reduced the hour of scoring a possible client for the operator's quick response time. Further, we carried out the standardization of the processes of purchasing window materials, installed a security software with the function of electronic inventory management, in this way, minimized the excesses with the line of attachment, which passed.
For encouragement and improvement of newcomers to the medical staff, we organized a simulation training once every three months, and also held a unique competition of initiatives from a far penny winegrower among the workers. We urged the clinic's skin specialist to propagate the core idea, yakі could take a bigger gain. І for the skin praised proposition, the participant won the prize. As a result, the staff is actively analyzing, thinking about the result, learning to improve the financial status of the organization. In this rank, we were able to increase our income by 21%!
If you want to improve the efficiency of your clinic, increase the quality of your services and increase your mortgage profitability, we are ready to help you implement the concept and principles of sustainable viability in your medical organization.
The Lean methodology is the best solution for those who want to achieve business success in the minds of fierce competition. Start vikoristannya following the development of the philosophy of sparing virobnitstv such as that. An important warehouse process is an analysis of what є Lean manufacturing tools (tools for lean manufacturing).
What can you achieve with the help of Lean tools and techniques?
If you speak more briefly, then the tools are the shortest way to:
- reduction in vitrates on product quality
- transparency of management processes
- increase in satisfaction with the company's products
- increase in the irradiance of spivrobitnikov in the company before the process of virobniztstva and strengthening of their motivation
- change in the cost of resources.
If you become aware, which is the most prioritized moment for the company right now, and if there are not enough operations, you can start picking up tools for perfecting the very segment.
A list of tools with a short description will significantly ease the process of updating the company.
25 Essential Tools for Lean Manufacturing Methodology
Tool | Essence of visits | Proper organization of the work area:
| To bring to Shvidka the manifestation of problems in the workers, caused by the wrong organization of the working life and the level of their work to a minimum (for example, the change in the types of supplies of tools, for example, victoriously, the month was over, and they were killed at the same time for an hour). |
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Andon | The system, as soon as it informs about the problem, that it wins in the manufacturing process, and allows the process to be continued, until the defect becomes widespread. | It is timely liquidation of the problem, which allows not to waste resources on the liquidation of the last pardon on a global scale. |
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Bottleneck analysis | Significance of the “higher” sphere of production (“puff neck”), which does not allow you to create more products for less than a hour. The expansion of the "splash neck" improves the productivity and the "whip" of the vaping strains. | There is a flood of a weak element from the vibrations, otherwise it seems: “Weak Lanka, goodbye!” |
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Continuous Flow | Vibudovuvannya virobnicheskih flows in the optimal rank. The process, of prompting clearly, does not transfer the “buffer” and whether there are trivial grains between the stages of extraction. | Usunennya such expenses, like ill-conceived transportation, reserve stock, irrational waste of time. |
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Gemba | Molding rozuminnya those that all the most important are in vіrobnitstv, but not in the cabinets of ceramics. | Curiosity radiates from the selection process, which allows you to improve discipline, change the hour of reaction to problems and take information from the first person. |
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Heijunka (Planuvannya) | Let's take a special rank to plan a prayer. The pledges of clients are divided into small parties that keep order. There is a possibility to change the price of products as quickly as possible and the shortness of time due to the risks of damage to the manufacturing process at different stages and the term of the transfer of the finished product to the substitute. | This lean tool leads to the fact that the need for the mother's supply of materials is reduced, the hour of production. We allow you to change your spending on the budget of the fact that the skin type of products is prepared more often, and stocks (in other words, frozen assets) are reduced to the required minimum. With the help of a serration of the line for the acquisition, all the products necessary for the client. |
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Hoshin Kanri (Politics Speech) | Establishing a connection between "strategy" and "tactics": a method of curiosity with the actions of representatives of virobnitstva. | To put currying as a metaphor for the skin of spivrobitnikiv, the stench collapses straight into it. Sufficient communication between scientists and employees allows you to change your spending. The company may have a hand in using the Hoshin Kanri tool. |
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Jidoka (Autonomization) | Installation is subject to frequent automation. The search for the problem is answered automatically. Є mozhlivіst pripiniti vyrobnitstvo in case of manifested pardon. | One spіvrobitnik can control the robot in a number of outbuildings. It is not necessary to reduce the amount of money spent on virobnytstvo to a minimum, and also to reduce to a minimum the amount of money spent on the liquidation of pardons (it’s equal to this, yakbi stinks were not manifested immediately, but rather like a virobnic cycle). |
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| Victory kaizen tools is a joint effort of all spivrobitnikі v pіdpriєmstva directly shaping a particular corporate culture and reaching common goals. | A synergistic effect in the form of joint efforts of spivrobitniks, investments in the change of vitrates, become, in the "eternal dvigun" progress of a charitable work for the enterprise. |
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JIT, | The selection of that system of supply is based on the “recovery” of the required quantity of products for the client at a given moment. From whom predictions will drink from rozrahunok, little is taken. Vymagaє nayavnnostі on the variability of such systems, like "Continuous Flow", "Kanban", "Takt time" and "Heijunka". | This method is the most effective for the necessary reduction in the number of released samples, stocks of syrovina and the size of the sample. Spriyaє optimization of financial flows. |
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(Vityagu system) | Regulates the flow of released products and syrovin in the middle and beyond the boundaries of production. The need for components or finished products is subject to additional signal cards. | Decrease the number of costs and excess warehouse stocks. The results of the warehouse inventory are positively added. |
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KPI | The system of metrics is designed to analyze the priority segments in the activities of the enterprise. It is a strong growth stimulant for spivrobitnikiv. | Key indicators, which can change practitioners, allow you to timely determine the potential for spending money, achieving strategic goals set for the company. |
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Muda | Zvіlnennya vіd usgo, so as not to become valuable for the deputy (sweetheart). | Having found out about all the possible costs, they should at the same time show that minimization, increasing the efficiency of the work of the staff, possessing that organization as a whole. |
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PDCA | An iterative method that allows you to make improvements and / or carry out changes:
| PDCA allows you to know the systemic error in the solution of the most obvious problems, in order to reduce it and conduct experiments:
|
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OEE | Allows you to introduce three types of costs that affect the functioning of the possession: efficiency, readiness, productivity. | Allowing you to understand, you can effectively exploit your possessions. The purpose of balancing is a show that allows you to increase the profitability of the variability and improve its manufacturability. If OEE reaches 100%, it means that the company releases the product without a sluice, swidko flooring, but it is possible with the improvement of the latest technologies, without allowing downtime. |
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| The creation of methods that will protect the appearance of pardons in the process of selection. Golovna meta - reach "0% defective". | Vitrati, pov'yazanі s earlier pardons, significantly lower, lower tі, like the company carried the first hour of regular inspections and, moreover, with the plumbing corrected, revealed through the trivalium hour. |
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Root cause analysis | These factors have no room for selection. Їхнє manifestation is carried out according to the principle of "five why". Tobto is required to put the question "Why?" not less than 5 times in terms of exposure to the skin factor, which negatively affects the virility. | The elimination of the main causes of vindication of problems allows the vindication of similar situations in the future. |
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Visual Factory | The victorious indicators are victorious. For further assistance, exchange of information is carried out. | Skin spying on the current situation, relying on the data of the information system (colour, sound and other signals). |
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VSM | Line tool, which allows you to create a process on the spot, to add value to not add її. | It is a good solution for planning changes that are planned for the year. |
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| The method of thrifty manufacturing, the essence of which is that it is to get to the service of having the company's skin specialist, and not just specialists-technicians. Meta TRM - promotes the terms of exploitation and yogo efficiency. | Change in the number of downtimes, pardons for robots with possessions, accidents. The strength of the sensitivity of the skin spy. |
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Tact time | Indicator of periodicity, with which client orders products. Also, an hour of tact can be considered an hourly interval, if the company gives the client a product. You can work it out with this formula: Planned hour of virobnitstva /Have a drink. | Allowing you to determine the necessary productivity of the singling mill for the satisfaction of the needs of customers. |
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Robot standardized | The instruction is close to the ideal execution of the singing operation. This document is constantly analyzed and updated. For obviousness in the company of the same possession, it can be practiced for a single standard method (optimal). The maximum efficiency is achieved with the use of interactive documents, which can be easily modified and supplemented. | Change your spending (after all, zastosuvannya is less than the best proof). The risks of the creation of a non-acidic product are reduced. |
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SMART | This is an abbreviation for the following words: Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Time-Specific. In the Russian version, it should sound like this: the meta is specific, worldly, valid, relevant, assigned to the hour. | With weakly thought-out communication, the chibno rozumіnnі zavdan will inevitably blame the waste. To solve this problem, the meta is set correctly. |
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6 Reasons for Decreased Productivity | The most common causes of productivity decline are as follows: breakdowns, lacing, missing teeth, reduced speed, work failures, work failures. | Mustache cause є call to diї. It's possible to pass an hour of downtime for the last time to wash up all the problems. |
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| A set of manufacturing tools, founded on the principles of careful selection, which allow you to carry out richer customization (up to 10 minutes). The changeover is carried out on the basis of two activities: internal and external. The internal parts are connected with a tooth, and the external ones can be fixed even with the right attachment. The SMED technique transfers the transformation from internal to external. | It becomes easier to vibrate small batches of products, and the hour of core work is increased. |
Stages of promotion of tools that were worthy, Lіn
It was understood that the companies, as they realized the need for themselves Lean management, are ready to make changes to their activity, as if they had to bring dividends. But you need to be aware that Lean manufacturing in foreign companies is much simpler.
At the very least, for the reason that for them the primary management (regular, fixed) is sufficient transparency of internal and external processes. And for business companies, these figures are, on the contrary, uncharacteristic. Natomista was pleased with the presentation of various kinds of formalities and bureaucracy, superficially complicated business processes.
So that the implementation of Lin’s tools went smoothly and effectively, first of all, first for everything, to work on the change of thought and the guidance of primary templates, as if it were necessary to give a result, but really lead the company to the edge of the world:
The new history demonstrates the region's uneven development of innovative technologies at the borders of the world's economies. Tse pov'yazano z international rozpodil pratsі, zokrema low-skilled. The cheaper the work, the less incentives for business to increase efficiency. As a result of such a split, the rich lands become richer, and the poor are poorer.
Olga Andrienko-Bentz, Director of Business Consulting, PwC Ukraine
Also, for wealthy business companies, the main method, like before, is to get rid of the maximum possible income. In today’s minds, on the other hand, the minimum of expenses has been put on the table, as it is guaranteed that the increase will be brought to that very increase:
The main goal of the business is to improve, and the main principle of the business economy is not to take away the maximum profit, but to avoid spending.Peter Drucker, one of the business geniuses of the 20th century, known management theorist
Why is it important to underestimate the importance of systemic and global Lean practices:
On the back of the head, there were points of improvement, the struggle with the main losses. Then we went to that stage, if it is necessary to induce more systemic approach, which is like the perimeter of the entire business, so all the directions of yoga activity. Mi dіyshli pobudovi systems of uninterrupted thoroughness. Tse those who are now being offered at ArcelorMittal...Yuriy Kalko, Head of Operational Improvement Service ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih
Now you need to get ready for it, how to start practicing Lean manufacturing techniques?
Yak at least before, the stimen of the post -rending systems of the ongoing systems of the work of the laboti personnel of the personnel of the retail, the “pidlatati” - the folding of the vimaagatim of the novice of the parallel zyliyas, the already zylikh already zynovs.
The best thing for the company and the contractor is the radical changes in the methods of work. It is important to note that the development of projects is not a matter of transformation, but a long way of learning, testing, analyzing and thoroughly.J. Jonfrido, Senior Accountant for Procter and Gamble
Kroki to Lean Manufacturing
A perfect implementation algorithm may look like this:
- Choose a leader who is ready to take responsibility for the promotion of change
- Otrimannya knowledge about Lean methodology, moreover, as close as possible to the first, not created. Nadal tsі znannya may become a new system of values of the leader, like vin and provadzhuvatima tsіlіsno, and not like a dotted line.
- Designation of the most critical segments in the company's activity
- Vstanovlennya vtrat skrіz, where it is possible to grow, that їх liquidation
- Creation of cards: in-line and promising will become a support object
- Practical work with the Lean implementation
- Combining among themselves the results achieved by different directions
Let's talk about Scott Enton, David Duncan, Pontus Siren in their recommendations about how to launch an innovation engine in 90 days.
It’s also successful in what to lie down in order to get into the company to create such a mind:
- show the way to the skin specialist, how you can drink wine, so that you can bring the company maximum corrosity;
- organize such a working environment, in a kind of skin-spread worker matima, you can discover your potential, win continuous improvement tools and openly talk about your look at the further development of your business;
- formulate an effective cooperation between all the products of the company, so as to allow your product to be given maximum value in the eyes of the public.
Lean manufacturing and yoga tools are an important step in the development of pro-European countries. On the back, it was stagnant at industry, but now it’s IT-interpretation, and it’s for the sphere of services.
If you want to put in half of these techniques, the principles and methods of doing business - and the increase in the quality of the product and the quality of the robot will be obvious.
At the federal state lighting standards for the professions of the National Educational Institution of Public Education, the part of the main professional lighting program can become close to 80 hundred thousand of the total obligatory hour, introduced and mastered. The partone is the VARIATIVE (Blizko 20 vіdsotkiv) can be the rodsholenny of the podgotovka, the yak is tortured by the serpent of the main part, the Ododatkiki competencies, the mind, the non -binding of the controversial vibrants of the pisses.
Disciplines, interdisciplinary courses and professional modules of the variable part are determined by the lighting system. At the professional lyceum No. 9, the variable part of the professional module was divided up for the course "Lean manufacturing" according to the needs of the BAT "Bryansk Arsenal", and the Virobnicha system of the GAS group was supplied.
With the transition of the NEO system to a block-modular approach to new professional standards, the introduction of new technologies becomes relevant. The Federal State Educational Standards of the new generation have significantly increased the standard for the hour of independent work of students (15%). Case-technology can help you to improve your diet. The use of case-technologies for teaching learning with the organization of professional practice allows creating situations that generate new knowledge, forming in the teaching of collective learning of comradely assistance. Case-technologies will be shared with you at once and role games, project method, and situational analysis.
The name is similar to the Latin term "casus" - confusion or an unimaginable slip. Of course, the term "case-technologies" is sometimes used as a folder with initial materials. Case technologies- tse repetition after the teacher, not a paraphrase of a paragraph or a statute, not a recitation of the power of the article, tse analysis of a specific situation, a kind of confusing layer of taking away knowledge and zastosuvati їx in practice. This method is used to spray the development of the mind:
Analysis of the situation;
Choose the optimal way of cherry;
Evaluation of the alternative version of the task.
Increased motivation of students;
The development of intellectual skills among students,
The task of this is to maximize the activation of skin science in an independent work to solve the problem. Case technology is based on the fact that an individual plan is being formed on the cob, leather, who learns, takes away the titles of a case, in order to avenge a package of primary literature, tasked with the selection of electronic materials. Technologies of the group vikoristovuyut, naskіlki possible, computer merezhі. The most successful case-technologies can be achieved in the lessons of gentle selection, selection of topics that require the analysis of a large number of documents and perseveral. Case-technologies are recognized for the acquisition of knowledge, where there is no unequivocal evidence on the delivery of nutrition, and a few evidences, which can be taken for equal truth.
Behind the shape of that zmist, casey can be classified:
· A complex (modular) case containing 20 and more sides of information, first data, detailed documents, and videos.
case - a lesson to avenge a rose, about yaks - or situations, problems, ways of their virishennya, vysnovki
case - illustration
case - a practical task to avenge a small or medium amount of information
· a case with structurized data to replace a cross-section of nutrition after the main text of the Robot with a case based on knowledge of situational tasks.
Learners independently stretch 10-15 minutes to analyze the case, writing down their specific information. Acquaintance with a case ends with discussions. Vikladach assesses the level of mastering the material, subsumes the sums of discussion and voices the program of the work of the first lesson. Dalі ide molding pіdgroup. The skin subgroup is known to the appointed specialist. If there is only one topic for all subgroups, then the vikladach explains the topic and chooses the term of completion, and works to see that form.
Before case technologies, which activate the initial process, one can see:
Incident method;
Method of analysis of business correspondence;
Method of situational analysis. For your respect, there are options for cases, which you can get involved in when you enroll in the professional module "Lean Manufacturing".
Case #1
The Chinese used to say: Tell me, I'll forget. Show me, I can remember. Let me excite you, and I will remember it forever.
Inquiry to the case: What should the senders go for? What do you see, do you know? What is easier to remember than the poorer, do you feel it is more zroblene yourself? Tsey case є let's enter.
I will teach you to comprehend the real life situation, describe what a practical problem is at once, tobto. zam'yatovuetsya zroblene with your own hands. Being an interactive method of teaching, the case wins a positive position on the side of learning, like learning from a new game, which ensures the development of the theoretical provisions and practical application of the material. No less important are those who analyze the situation strongly influencing the professionalization of students, helping them grow up, forming interest and positive motivation for learning.
Incident Method
What is special about the one who himself knows the information before making a decision. Learn to give brief information about the fall, the situation in the country, at the enterprise. For the acceptance of the decision, the obvious information is clearly insufficient, it is the responsibility of the student to select and analyze the information necessary for the adoption of the decision.
Incident method. Case #2
For example, in order to promote the development of the domestic auto industry and the automobile industry, Toyota learns to propagate the following message: “Russia produces about 2 million cars for the river. And Toyota releases about 5 million cars for the river. It is paradoxical that, according to the UN estimates, Russia has over 50% of the world's natural wealth. Japan has no such resources.
Asking for text:
What is the problem?
How is the state failing?
Can you suggest how to solve the problem?
What is the advantage of sparing virobnitstva?
Method of sorting business correspondence. Case #3
Uchnі oberduyut vіd vikladach folder with a description of the situation; package of documents, photo.
For example, at shop No. 5 of the BAT "Bryansk Arsenal" before the implementation of the Virobnichi system of the GAZ group, the productivity of the practice was not high. After the introduction of the tools of sparing virobnitstva, the quality of the products increased, the productivity of the work grew, and the safety level stabilized. Catering: What instruments of double vibrating were made in workshop No. 5? Documents: video clip "System 5C".
Method of situational analysis
The most extensive method, the shards allow you to delve deeper into the situation in detail. I will teach the text to be propagated from a report description of the situation and the task that will require a conclusion.
Method of situational analysis. Case №4
The “Hour for a smoke break” task At one of the Japanese factories, there was such a problem: after a smoke break, the turners’ productivity in the workshop was not too high. It is not possible to put a dermal verstat of the controller. You can't hang that video camera over the skin bench. Under the hour of "brainstorming", in which the managers took their part, it was known that the simple solution to the warm human psychology was found. Yake?
Case #5 What will be the need for the products of the enterprise in Russia in 5 years? Virishennya tsgogo case vimagaє creative and logical zdіbnosti.
Case #6
Your group has been in a bad situation (for example: having sunk a supply of groceries on a hike, wasted return tickets for a train, pennies arose, although having taken off a serious injury later)
What would you do to work in this situation? The analysis of cases can be both individual and group. Acquaintance with cases can be seen without interruption in class, so far behind (at the sight of a homeworker). According to the course "Lean manufacturing" є zoshit-workshop in electronic form. Zoshit appointments for independent work. Tse already ready case. Dzherela cases can be the most popular: articles from newspapers, artistic creations, video films, films, science information, museum expositions, scientific information.
Type of cases:
Training
Navchalny
Analytical
Doslidnitskiy
systematizing
predictive.
What do we use case-technologies for?:
Vikladachu
Access to the base of modern teaching and learning materials
Organization of the initial process
Spend an hour preparing for lessons before lessons
Uninterrupted qualification advancement
Possibility of realizing the actual elements of the initial process at the hour after school
Uchnia
Work with additive materials
Permanent access to the base of consultations
Ability to prepare for certification
Collaboration with other students in the group
Mastering modern information technologies The case method is a way of thinking, it is a special scheme that allows you to think in a different way and develop your creative potential. Here, the main problems are the broad democratization and modernization of the initial process, the expansion of vikladach.
Borzikina N. N. - vikladach