Meal №2

The biggest rіven of psychic fermentation of representations in a person is svіdomіstyu. The appearance of a bridge in the process of evolution of the created world is connected with the transition of a person from the biological to the socio-historical path of development.

Svіdomіst є picture svіtu, vіdkrivаєє people. In other words, information is all that information, how to reach a person at the moment of the hour and in the reality that a person can give himself to that other sound.

These two characteristics - svіdomіst - sukupne znannja, yak maє lyudina at the given moment of the hour, and the possibility of verbal denotation of tsієї іinformatsії for additional words that are obvious to people and understand - є the most important characteristics of svіdomostі people.

The structure of svіdomostі includes cognizance processes of people, nasampered, yoga things mental functions. Before them one can see enough memory, enough respect, abstractly logical thought, that language. The understanding of higher mental functions in psychology is taught by the Russian psychologist L.S. Vigotsky. In his cultural-historical theory of faults, he discovered the basis and revealed the main factors in the development of the human psyche. Lower, or natural mental functions are creatures. Tse mimovilna memory, mimovilna respect (reflex "what is it?"), the beginnings of intellectual activities. In the world of people’s transition to the cultural and historical path, the development of the development has led, to Vigotsky’s thought, two cardinal changes: first it was connected with it, that the people learned to immerse themselves in nature, changing them to their needs and their interests. Another opinion is that a person, for an additional sign, a symbol, has learned to pour into the power of the psyche, so changing it. Svіdomіst vykonuє low important functions.

1) the function of knowledge - the knowledge of people is able to take away reliable information about the current world: people's knowledge includes the knowledge of the world of the world;

2) the function of orientation at the hour, place, space - with the help of damaged information, the person spends us in front of the orientation at the present situation;

3) the function of a purposeful deposit (safeguarding the docile activity of a person) - to put goals before oneself, and at the time of spending it, one is afraid of a chaotic, hopeless activity of a person, which took away the name "sexual behavior";

4) the function of self-confidence - a person is able to see himself as a subject of activity, orientate himself in children, maintain his own specialness.

In psychology, self-confidence continues as a continuum of processes of witness, contributions to self-knowledge, self-regulation and self-control. Self-confidence in psychology is signified by the succession of mental processes, with the help of such people we see ourselves as a subject, to be the initiator of action, an active playmaker.

The structure of self-reliance can be called such components. Self-knowledge - awareness of one's mental powers. As a result, a manifest image of "I" is formed - a person's statement about herself. Self-appraisal is an emotionally confusing manifestation of a person about herself. It is possible as a self-esteem of the other sides of the specialty and її behavior, and the self-esteem of a person is aggravated. Self-esteem - a complex of feelings, experiences, connected with the state of physical and mental health, on a special level of psychological comfort and safety, security, emotional well-being or not well-being. and behavior with the method of their optimization and correction. The lower rib of the psyche of a person makes it unseen. It is not known that such a level of fermentation of action, for whom one does not see the past actions, is used again by the hour, the mist of the day, the daily possibility of regulating behavior with additional promotion. The merit of reaching the sphere of the unknown belongs to the Austrian doctor, psychiatrist 3. Freud. Yogo statements about the sphere of the unknown, the life of the psyche have gained a wide breadth and recognition in the whole world, have become a base for rich psychological concepts, theories of specialness. 3. Freud divided the whole psyche into svіdomіst, pіdsvіdomіst аnd unsvіdome. Pdsvіdomist - all that information, vіdomostі, knowledge, like we have, but we don’t know about it at once.

Meal №3

Vibration of the activity of the human brain is seen as different mental phenomena, the fertility of such is the inner world of a person, its subjective knowledge. Psychic manifestations - ce vіdpovіdі mozku on zovnіshnі (dovkіllа) і vnіshіnі (stan organіzmu yak fіzіologichnoїї sistemy) vplivu. Psychic manifestations are seen as constant regulators of the activity of people and creatures, which have a debilitating and irritating effect.

In humans, the psyche is represented in three classes of mental phenomena: mental processes, mental states and mental powers. Psychic processes - ce elementary psychic manifestations, included in the folding view of mental activity. Psychic processes vibrate dynamics (cob, perebіg, end), phase character, clock parameters. Before them one can see the recognition and emotional-volitional processes. mental state is a whole characteristic of the mental activity of a person at the right moment of the hour, for them the power of a static moment, the steel of the mental fact is visible. the objects of that phenomenon can be created after the appearance of other objects in the appearance, that they have formed earlier adopted objects of that phenomenon.

Vidchuttya, sprynyattya, vyavlennya, image objects and є chuttєvy ryven vіbrazhennya dіysnostі.

On the other, the highest level of the mediated, rational knowledge of the action of knowledge is reached by a path of differences, a deepening of the minds, tobto. path of the mind. Myslennia is closely tied to my mother and zdiisnyuєtsya for the help of my mother. Mova, the word is accepted as a sound, materially formed thought.

The results of the manifestation of human activity are manifested in the images of memory, tobto. at the processes of remembering, saving, restoring that forgetfulness. Forgetting, saving and keeping away from being an individual is known to be called vugs.

Emotional-volitional processes in people are represented by emotions, almost by will. I feel that emotion is not just a reflection of the ethereal world, but the experience of a person’s setting to the point where it is felt. Tse vydbityok vіdbuvaєtsya in zalezhnostі vіd characteristics vіdbіvaієєsі ob'єkta i vіd osoblivy svoobistosі vіdbіvaє sob'єkta volejz.psikhologii razumієtsya psihіchnіy protsess, podramovannya podlannya reshkod na shlyakha meti.

To psychic states one can bring, nasampered, emotional states of a person (mood, affect, frustration) and functional ranks, chi robochi become (practice, vtom). Psychic become can try for a long time for many years, days, days. Become a good grower of indulgence, practicality of the same, drama of rozsіyanist, good of the filthy moods - become kind to the skin of us.

To “mental authorities, one can attribute such authority to particularity, as well as temperament, character, and directness. All the power of the taman specialty stretching out for a rich hour, for an hour stretching out a long life.

Consider that three classes are closely related to each other, mental phenomena can move from one class to another. So, for example, the effectiveness of the interruption of mental processes is framed by the mental state of a person: radiance, badoriy, mood increases the sympathy of a person, indulgently, and apprehension and znevira, navpak, lead to roaring, cry out in front of that. The nature of the cognitive processes can be determined by the power of the temperament of the person.

Meal №4

Significant respect for global psychology is attached to the nourishment of the relationship (psychic) ​​and activity of the central nervous system. Vitchiznyan psychology is based on the ideas of prominent Russian physiologists I.M. Sechenova and I.P. Pavlova about the regulative role of the psyche in the life of the diality of living beings. Vіdpovіdno to prirodnicho-scientific manifestations for their adventures, nature and functions of the psyche, the result of the activity of the central nervous system, the product, power in the rank of organized matter. In humans, that greater creatures have a psyche - a product of the brain. At once, the psyche ceased to be a direct, uninterrupted fermentation of quiet processes, like in the central nervous system.

The main issue of psychophysiological problems is to become the basis of nutrition for the development of mental and physiological processes. The whole history of the development of psychological sciences was developed in a different way. the scientific understanding of nutrition is related to the view of the psyche, as from the forms of fermentation, itself - mental fermentation. In the meza, the tributaries of the psycho are, the psycho is able to formalize as follows: Psykhika - Claus of Special Personality of the Tosocorganized Mathers, the Poleg, the active submarine of the Ophty Svit, the prudence of the Tsyogo regulatory of the same.

The central category of psychology is understanding the image. A characteristic feature of the mental image is those that are in the visual image. Therefore, the psyche is often called the subjective rank of the objective world. Under the image of the sensi in psychology, the subjective form of the perception of action (reality) is understood (Smirnov SD, 1993). Spivvіdnoshennia ob'ektivnogo and subjective in the psyche is also related to the debatable problems of psychology. It is accepted to respect that it is the fermentation of human activity and the indistinct unity of the objective and the subjective. Yak appoints S.D. Smirnov, the psychic vibrates objectively for the light, the shards are determined by the evocative infusions and evoke the evocative manifestations and the objects of the cosmic light. The objectivity of the mental fermentation is also connected with the real nervous processes and the manifestation of their sounds in different oval actions and behavior of people.

However, the mental image, the mental image is not an exact copy of the outer world, which is being imaged. It's always subjective, because zdіysnyuєtsya living іstota, the subject, and that be-yak zvnіshnіshnіshnіshnієєєєєєєєєє through sukupnії vnutrіshnіh minds (Rubіnshtein S.L., 1946). Before them, for us, one can see the inner individuality of a person, її special features, a system of accessing a person to the light of that oneself.

Vibration of objective activity is the basis of the people's infusion into the world and change. In this rank, the psyche makes sure that people are attached to the minds of the world that changes.

Meal №5

Methods of psychology - all the ways to receive information about mental phenomena. The main methods of psychology include caution, conversation, experimentation, experiment and testing.

Caution - tse systematized, goal-directed adoption of behavioral reactions (manifestations) of other people.

Besida - a sleep of otrimannya in the form of a tested report about this activity, in which the authorities are obsessed with the subject of the psychic manifestation. Іsnuyet taki vidi interview: sbir data for anamnesis (history development of a person, іstorії development of mutual) and interview. Interview - this is the type of conversation, if the wine is put in order to take into account the necessary food.

Opituvannya vikoristovuєtsya for vyvchennya subjective knowledge of people with any problems. If the food is presented in a letter form, then there may be a place for questioning. Questionnaire є sukupnіst food, yakі in the singing order. It is recommended on the cob of the questionnaire, experimenting with incoherent food, so that they don’t get stuck in the special, intimate side of the life of the experimenter. For carrying out the experiment, it is necessary to know the basic laws of establishing psychological contact.

The experiment is the only method that gives the possibility of an active insertion of a successor in the activity of the tested one. In experiments, minds are created, in some psychological fact there may be not only manifestations, but directly changed by the singer. This method is characterized by the active position of the previous psychologist who has been thoroughly tested. We see the following components of the experiment:

1) experimental situation; 2) fallow and independent

(Deposit - tі factors, yakі pіdlyagayut vyvchennyu, zmіnі in yakomu directly, nezalezhnі - tіkіl, shcho vplyvayut).

There are two main types of experiment: 1) laboratory - carried out with specially created minds, with different special equipment, which are tested according to instructions; 2) natural - followed by normal, natural minds (lesson, gra, rozmov, cooking homework).

Tests - ce standardized testing, passers-by, like a person, they show those chi and other authorities, they see information about their camp. With the help of the test, it is possible to diagnose the presence of the other power of the psyche, the specialty of the person tested, and the level of the yogo development is shown, through the identification of the compliance with the essential norms and standards. v"

The following types of tests are distinguished:

tests-zavdannya - signify the development of zdіbnosti, including those of roses. The butt is a test for the appointment of a coefficient of intelligence;

tests-opituvalniki, chi special tests - reveal individual psychological characteristics of specialness, power and temperament, directness and character;

projective tests - reveal the club's special features, the power of these people, the manifestation of internal psychological conflicts, emotional problems.

Krіm looked at the main methods of psychology widely used arsenal of private methods and methods that give the possibility of otrimuvat raznomanіtnu іnformatsiyu psikhologicheskogo zalejno zalej vіd tsіley zavdan specific psikhologicheskiy doslіdzhennya.

Catering №6

As a matter of fact, the simplest mental process is called the fermentation in the cerebral cortex of all the powers of the subjects and the manifestations of action, as if they are poured into the organs of sensation at once. .^

The brain has different information to use special channels to connect the brain from the outer world.

1. Peripheral vіddіl (receptors), until the organ is close to the new (eye, vuha, nіs, mova, shkira).

2. Providnikovy viddil - to avenge dotsentr (afferent) and vіdtsentr (efferent) nerves.

3. Mozkovy or central vіddіl. Ce rіznі vіddіli mozku, in іkіkh vіdbuvaіє folded analіz іnformatsії, scho to find. Vіdchuttya different mind z'yavlyayutsya itself here.

The process of vindication may be considered in such a way. The object-imitator, acting on the receptor, recalls the new physical and chemical process. At equal receptors, the sound energy is transformed into a nervous process. Damage to the visual nervous (physiological) process is transmitted along the precentral nerves to the central valve of the analyzer. In Kirk's mind, the analyzer on the basis of A nervous process of awakening vinikaє mental perception. Significantly, that in the formation of a mental image (obviously) the fate of the rukhovy analyzer takes its toll. The organs seem to be closely connected with the organs of chaos, as if they take part in the otriman's information. Classification of opinions, like and be-yak іnsha classification, can be carried out from different substations. Traditional for vіtchiznânoї psikhologiї є rozpodіl vydchuttіv for such criteria:

by the presence or by the presence of the direct contact with the subsidiaries, which calls out to the distant ("zіr, hearing, scent) and contact (smak, bіl, dotik) reception. The contact reception is safe orientation in the nearest middle;

for the purpose of stimulating receptors - on exteroceptive perception, which is blamed on teasing receptors, tainting on the surface of the body (optical, auditory, tactile ...); interoceptive sensations, which are blamed on teasing receptors, which are in the middle of the body - indicative of hunger, sprag, suffocation. Whose species of observations carried information about the middle of the organism itself, they are otherwise called organic observations; proprioceptive or m'yazovo-ruhovі vіdchuttya, which is blamed on teasing receptors, which are found in the m'yazah and tendons of the human body;

hour by hour, the process of evolution is blamed for a new and old reception. Before the new reception, lay the weight of a person, a long-standing one, a painful reception;

for the modality (appearance) of the podraznik - on the stars, hearing, smell, smakovi, tactile, static (feeling the tension in the mind, pov'yazane, for example, with the trivality of saving the singing position of the body in the open space), kinesthetic (seeing the movement in the open space) , pain, save that hunger.

Krіm tsikh vidіv є vіdchuttya, scho sit in the interim position between other vіdchuttya. So, for example, vibratsiyni vіdchuttya, zavdyak like a man in the form of a spring chiselling of the middle, occupy the intermediate position between the auditory and shkіrni. It has been established that there is no special analyzer of this kind. Vibratsiyu zdatnі vіdbivati ​​rich clitin of the human body.

The dominance of the observations: quality, intensity, trivality, expanses of localization of the podraznik.

Threshold of perception. It was revealed the same fallowness and intensity of observation and the strength of the wild rozdratuvacha. The psychological characteristic of the degree of fallowness is inferred from the understanding of the “threshold of opinions”. Distinguishing the absolute and differential (discretion threshold) thresholds of observation The greatest strength of the imitation, if you are guilty of it in the mind, is called the upper absolute threshold of the mind.

The threshold of distribution is called the smallest allowance up to the strength of a delinquent podraznik, with a certain amount of guilt, the ice will remember the strength or the strength of the juvenile.

Sensitivity to the organ is sensitively recognized as a minimal imitator created in our minds to be responsive. Analysts of people are capable of varying sensitivity. The threshold of one scented clitin of a human being for a variety of odorous speeches does not exceed 8 molecules. In order to call for a smoky eye, it will take 25 thousand. razіv more molecules, nizh for svorennya scented vodchuttіv. The auditory and auditory analyzers exude an overly high sensitivity.

It has been established that the change in the sensitivity of the analyzers may be caused by the influx of other signal subdivisions (word, language). Thus, a change in the electrical sensitivity of the eye and movement of the patient to the presentation of the virus “sour, like a lemon” was recorded. Changes are analogous to changes in case of teasing lemon juice move.

Adaptation is the regularity of the process of observation, which means the attachment of sensitivity to a constantly debilitating imitation, as it appears at the lowered and lowered thresholds. Great opportunities for adaptation of the olfactory pelvic analyzer. The butt of the increase of sensitivity and, henceforth, the lowering of the threshold of zorovyh vіdchuttіv, є those that after 40 min. perebuvannya in absolute darkness, sensitivity rises to light

at 200 thousand razіv.

Vzaєmodiya vіdchuttіv. Tsya regularity vіdbivaє the fact of changing the sensitivity of one analyzer system under the influence of activity of another analyzer system. The reason for this regularity is explained by the presence of Kirk connections between analyzers, as well as by the processes of irradiation (rozpovsudzhennya) and the concentration of awakening in the cerebral cortex. The principle of mutuality is as follows: weak subdivisions of one analyzer system increase the sensitivity of another analyzer system, and strong subdivisions reduce it. Vіdpovіdno to doslіdzhen, conducted by I.P. Pavlovim, a weak imitation calls out to the bark of the great pivkul the process of awakening, which is easily irradiated. As a result of a strong teaser, the fire of awakening is blamed, as if it attracts teasers to itself, like in other analyzer systems. According to the law, mutual induction leads to galvanization at the central valves of other analyzers and causing a decrease in their sensitivity.

Sensitization - the result of increased sensitivity as a result of mutual perceptions, as well as systematic rights. Sensitization can be caused by two factors: 1) the need to compensate for sensory defects (for obvious damage to mental functions - blindness, deafness); 2) special duties, professions. Apparently, the waste of the eye or the ear can be compensated by the development of other types of sensitivity. The deaf-blind Helen Keller identified friends and smells that are associated with a high level of development of scent sensitivity. Vіdomi fakti vysokogo razvitku dotik people pozbavlenih Zora, zavdjaki why stench could be successfully engaged in sculpture.

In osіb, like trivaly hour, they are engaged in some kind of professional activity, so sensitization of organs can be felt. There is an unimaginable sharpness of the dawn at grinders. The stench can drink enlightenment up to 0.0005 ml, and untrained people - less than 0.1 ml. Fahіvtsі іz farbuvannya tkannі razrіznyayut vіd 40 to 60 vіdtinkіv black color. Dosvіdchenі steelworkers zdatnі more for molten metal, not going to the special equipment, determine the temperature of the metal, scho to melt, and the level of its readiness.

Contrast of perceptions - the regularity of the process of perception, which influences the change in the intensity of the intensity of the perceptions under the influx of the frontal chi of the suputny podraznik. For everyone, apply the last rose from everyday life: after a cold soul, a warm one is warm; after honey, licorice tea is given to us not enough licorice.

Meal №7

Sprynyattyam naming the mental process of fermentation of objects and manifestations of activity in the totality of various powers and elements for її without intermediary influx on the senses. Spriynyattya is a folded, anti-exposure mental process. At the heart of spriynyattya lie two types of nerve connections - connections that are settled in the boundaries of one analyzer system, that inter-analyzer connections. Sprynyattya - the whole process of fermentation of a complex podraznik, vin conveying the presence of various intuitions, but not leading up to their simple sumi. Sprynyattya is accompanied by different objects, which are observed, with the hands of the hands, which are smeared on the object, with the hands of the larynx, which are the sounds. Organize the movement to take part in the molding of the images of the shower.

Spriynyattya raznomanitne for their species and manifestations, so the classification of species spriynyattya can be based on different substations. The most extensive classification was carried out for

let's get down to it.

1. For a leading analyzer - sound, rumor, dot,

kinesthetic, scent and taste.

2. Behind the form of the basis of matter, what appears -

a) spreading space (including spreading size, shape, volume and depth). The basis of the adoption of this mind is the value of that form of objectively significant objects, the images of which appear on the screen of the eye. The binocular vision is the basis of the spriynyattya obsyagu and glibini (imagination as a result of looking at two eyes). The monocular sight gives a correct view of the distance of objects on the screen, which does not exceed 30 m.

b) sprynyattya hour - tse fermentation of trivality and sequence of appearances and appearances. An independent analyzer is not available for an hour, an hour is accepted by us analyzers. The physiological basis of the hour is the mental reflection of the time, as if vibrating in the people. The purpose of the hourly intervals is also due to the rhythmic processes that occur in the body. Psychological factors spriynyattya vvazhayutsya age of people, її іndivіdualno-psihologichіchnі osoblivostі, actual emotsіyny camp. So, it is established that the time has come to an end subjectively sooner. Intermissions of the hour, nasichenny great number of times, right, are subjectively accepted as less trivaly (want to sweat, the year is judged as more trivaly). Vіdrіzki hour, іnіchim not zapovnі, it's more povіlno to drag on. In addition, the time passes, connected with people’s negative experiences, are evaluated as trivalish, and the hour, filled with radio experiences, podiyas, is flowing unremembered (“merry happiness”);

c) sprynyattya ruhu - tse fermentation of the camps, like objects occupying the space. When the rush rises, quickness, quickening, straight moving of the objects that are collapsing appear. The main role of spriynyatti ruhu is played by healthy and kinesthetic analyzers. Spriynyattya space-hourly movement and assessment of ruhіv lie down, moreover, depending on the intervals of the hour. Sprynyattya ruhu may be important life, shards of objects that are collapsing, can represent a lot of trouble and attach to themselves the elevated respect of the subject.

3. Beyond the degree of purposefulness, spriynyattya is divided into navmisne (mimovilne) and navmisne (pretty) spriynyattya. It may not be possible to succumb to the peculiarities of the subjects that are being considered, as well as to the particularity of these subjects in the interests of the particularity. The unfortunate child was given a meta-volitional activity late in the day. The acceptance of the object is regulated by setting the task of accepting the object. In times, if enough spriynyattya stands like an independent activity, it will seem like a watchfulness. Caution, in such a way, - ce more, more planned, priynyattya, scho zdіysnyuєtsya with singing, clearly seen by the method with the help of sufficient respect.

Domineering spirit

Apperception - the staleness of spriynyattya in the past until the end of the people. Apperception manifests the vibrancy of the sprinyattya, the activity of the person's awareness. One of the applications of apperception is more important than the perception of some objects in pairs with others, as well as seeing the figure from the background.

Comprehension - in the process of understanding, it is not easy to form a sensitive image of the object, but it is also necessary to comprehend it. Those that have been adopted can be named. I have a victorious person who has a clear system to understand. The naming of the subject suggests the rіven of the severity of the sprinyattya.

Integrity - in the process of spryynyattya, the okre elements of the subject sound together in the whole. For whom the greater importance is the closeness of the elements to their camp in space, like belonging to a singing subject. The whole image of an object is formed on the basis of knowledge about the scope of authority and the quality of the object, taken away from the sight of different intuitions.

Objectivity - appears at the vіdnesennі vіdomosti, taken from the outer world, to the other world. Tsya zakonіrnіst priynyattya pov'zana z such yogo authority, as in the case of objects and appearances are not in sight, but rather in their functions and recognition.

Structural - spriynyattya do not resonate, mittevim remembrance and (do not ^ lead to their simple sums (when the melody is exaggerated, we feel at the skin moment there are sounds, but we perceive a musical tvir; with which one and the same melody is in them, ) or without a musical accompaniment, it will be identified by us) In fact, we are abstracted from the okremih vdchuttіv deyaku zagalnenu structure, as if formed by stretching out the hour.

Constancy - the brightness of the spriynyattya zberіgati vіdpovіdnіst image of the reflected object, while observing okremih vіdchuttіv, scho enter before the new. Appears at the dawn of color, size, shape of objects. Zavdyaki tsіy authority mi priymaєmo navkolyshnі objects as perceptibly postіyni for the form, size, color, unimportantly on the mind priynyattya, scho changed.

Catering №8

Mislennia is called the psychic process of the mediated recognition (discovery) of objects and manifestations of activity. The main function of thought is the recognition of the essence of speeches and phenomena and the establishment of regular links between them. As a special kind of pіznavalnoї dіyalnostі myslennya is composed of okremih dіy, zmіst of such bandages with a singing method that stands in front of a person. Podії, with your own mind, are created with the help of rozumovyh operations, to create ways, accept the operation with images, understanding objects and manifestations of reality. The main rozumovym operations are analysis and synthesis. An analysis of the splitting of the whole into parts, seeing in the new one a sign of authority. the synthesis of the appearance of parts of the objects of such manifestations or the 1 dusty increase of their sign, the power of one or both sides. Pokhіdnym vіd osnovnyh є operatsії: pіvnyannya, uzagalnennya, klassifіkatsіya, systematization, concretization, abstraction. The main forms of thought - tse understanding, judgment and visnovok.

The concept is called a form of thought, in which the essences of power, links and visual objects and manifestations of action are displayed. Signs are important, skins from some, including takings, necessary, sufficient proteo, so that from the help it was possible to give a description of some object (phenomenon)

Judgment is a form of thought, in which links are established, and in the presence of blue objects, and the manifestations of the world, and their powers and signs. Sudzhennya є vyslovlennya chogos about shchos or be-whom. The judgment may be affirmed, or it may be repetitive (hard and negative judgment). Judgment can be true chi hibnim.

The form of the thought, in the form of a new judgment, is called a visnovk. Weekly judgments, in which new knowledge is born, are called bribes of reason. Visnovok oberzhuvany under the hour of vysnovka, called packing. Most often, there are two types of reasoning: induction and deduction. Induction is called the method of miring in private judgments before the solemn judgment. Establishment of formal rules and laws are considered on the basis of evidence of only a few facts and facts. Accumulating knowledge about the same things, show some of the similar objects among themselves and the most important facts, peacefully wisps about the relevance of these objects, showing the same class of these objects. Deduction is a way of arguing from a private trial to a private trial, cognition of other objects and phenomena on the basis of the development of wild laws and rules.

The traditional differentiation of thought is seen in the world of their appearance. laziness in ontogeny (in the process of individual development of a person). In similar classifications, it is customary to see so see.

Naochno-dієve mislennya - out of the middle included in the practical activities of the people. Vіn vyrіshuє yakes zavdannya, without intermediary manіpulyuyuchi sing objects. With any task presented in the original form, that way will be practical.

Nachno-figurative thought - in the process of recognition, a person clearly imagines an object and operates with nachal images. In this kind of thought, the connection with practical actions is not unambiguous and unambiguous.

Abstract-logical thinking is the same kind of thinking, in which case objects are created with the help of abstract-logical constructions.

In real practical activity, all three types of thought are inextricably linked to each other and mutually complement each other.

Krіm vіdіv myslennya, scho zbіgayutsya z phases development of the notion in the process of ontogeny, razraznyayut also іnshі yоgo see.

Theoretical thought - the knowledge of outrageous laws, rules, principles.

Practical thoughts - thoughts, included in the practical activity of a person, which, due to the necessary transformation of activity, resonate, ring out, for the minds of a shortage of an hour.

Intuitive thoughts - thoughts, as if they are actually happening, on an unknown equal footing. Characterized by high swidkistyu, burnt process, the presence of a clear bottom on the stage.

Analytical (discursive) thought - roaring at the hour of the process, logically subsequent, may be clearly expressed around the stage.

Convergent thought (“similar”) - it is necessary to change the only correct solution. Close to the mind of the algorithm is the idea that looks like elementary operations.

Divergent ("rozbіzhne") - spawn creative, non-standard solutions, search for your own ideas from other people directly. This kind of thought is called more creative, or heuristic thought.

Meal №9

Mova is a special form of people's splintering. In the process of mutual interchange, people exchange thoughts and pour them one on one. Mova is the basis of evidence. Perebuvayuschie in the active camp of information, a person can signify for help moving everything that he is aware of. Mustache mental processes are looking for help moving. Language has the following main functions: a) communicative - transmission of songs, thoughts, feelings; b) significative - designation, form of the basis of a thought, evidence (the word denotes an object, a deed, a camp); c) the function of inclusion - the inclusion of the meaning of a group of similar objects.

The communicative function of language is seen in three aspects: informational, visual and volitional. Virazny aspect, otherwise expressive helps to convey by the senses that the setting of the one who speaks before the subject of the reminder. The volitional aspect of directing on subordering diy іnshої people will think about who to speak.

Movlennєve splkuvannya zdіysnyuєtsya for help move. Mova - tse zasіb splkuvannya people. Mova and Mova perebuvayut at the folding spіvvіdnoshenі. Mova is a mental phenomenon, the subject of psychological education. Mova is an objective manifestation of the life of Suspіlstva, wines of unity for the whole people. Mova includes words with their meanings and syntax - a set of rules that will be propositions. The skin word has no meaning. The meaning of the word є yogo objective zmіst. More information will be provided with the help of singing receptions. In roman language, there are phonemes in similar ways, in writing - graphemes. From sounds and graphic images, words will be created. Mova materializes in oral and written language. Mova, as if she did not get used to the living language of speech, but was saved in letter boxes, she is called dead. The language of a person is always individual, subjective, reflecting the psychological characteristics of the one who speaks. Mova okremoї lyudiny vіdrіznyаєєє vimovuyu, the structure of pobudov phrases, can signifi- cant vydhilyatisya according to the current standards. The splintered person has only an insignificant part of his wealth. Navіt have movі great writers available in 10 to 20 thousand. words, even as a language, includes a kіlka hundreds of thousands of words.

Distinguish my internal and external. Zovnishnya mova maє zovnіshnє vyrazhennya, accessible to the ear of others. We have seen three types of evocative language: usna, dialogue; sleep monologue; letters.

Internal movement, soundless movement process, which is unthinkable. To go by the form of the basis of a thought, but the thought is not the same thing. Thinking does not mean speaking out loud to yourself. One thought can be expressed in different language. Sometimes it’s very difficult, trying to choose the words to express the internal movement. In addition, if a person is intelligently sensible, it means that the conscious mind is expressed in her in some words.

In this rank, mova, mova є sobi іsnuvannya, transfers that zavoєnnya social dosvіdu, as well as zarjaddya, zaboi іtelektualіnі іyalnostі. There is a possibility of a person to fix, to make the word an image of the worldly world, to signify, to close yoga, to work on the baths of an individual’s knowledge and intellectual baggage of a person. Language is an elementary form of knowledge

Meal №10

memory - tse processes of organizing and saving the past dosvіdu, yakі uzhivlyuyut yogo re-winning at the activity of turning to the sphere of svіdomosti.

As objects of memory, various objects, manifestations, thoughts ^ feel, other people, their own sight, vodnosiny.

You see the memories classify from such bases.

1) I will figure out the memory, tobto. zam'yatovuvannya, zaberezhennya that vodtvorennya, scho appeased adopted objects (її pіdvidi - Zorova, Rumor, Dotikov, Nyukhov, Smakov);

2) emotional memory - memory of the experience of feeling that emotional state;

3) rukhova memory - zapamyatovuvannya, saving that vodvorennya raznyh ruhіv those systems. This kind of memory is the basis for the molding of various ruhovyh navichok and die;

4) verbal-logical - to remember, to save that thought, to understand.

2. Beyond the level of volitional regulation of memory, quite a fleeting memory is divided. With the actualization of a mimic memory, a person remembers that in fact, it’s not obvious until his active bazhannya and namiriv, every day meta something to remember, or to create. The memory of the victorist's man is enough for me, in my opinion, that is more active.

3. For the trivality of fixing that saving, the material is seen to be short-hour, operative and long-lasting memory:

1) short-term safety of the material in a few seconds after the first one-time or even non-trivial spray. The work of its own is characterized by a high degree of accuracy, but also by incompetence. The upper boundary of the basis (for trivality) of short-hour memory. Short-hour memory is calculated by the famous formula of classical psychology 7 + 2, tobto. wine can be changed between 5-9 objects

2) it was able to be characterized by good trivality and the ability to save the adopted material. The form of long-term memory accumulated knowledge, individual knowledge of the person.

centurion. Knowledge from long-term memory is saved from the more familiar,

systematized look;

3) operational service without intermediary zdіysnyuvanі people's activities, operations.

Іsnuyut raznі teoretichnі podkhodi podhodnya prirody, podzhennya pomyatі і її її zakonіrnosti. One of the explanations of the nature of memory was broken at the borders of asocianism - scientific psychology in a direct way. Representatives of which directly respect the necessary and sufficient for the establishment of a link between two hostiles, the one-hour appearance of their appearance at the witness. They saw two types of associations - simple and foldable. Forgive me, with my blackness, share in the sight of associations: a) for summіzhnіst (two enemies are connected at the hour of that expanse); b) for imitation (appearances are connected that may be similar rices); c) behind the contrast (protileges are connected). Folding, or meanings, associations, povyazyut part of that qile, kind of kind, cause that legacy.

In memory, the main processes are divided: memorization, saving, forgetting, reviving. The memory of pov'yazane s accumulated individual knowledge, it should be of a vibratory nature, signified by the goals and motives of the person's activity.

The memory of the mother may be a mimic and pleasant character. For the first time, a person should not be put as a memento for memory and do not report on the occasional zusil, not a special trick for memory. For another, the point is to put the material in memory. Memorization can be mechanical and understandable. Mechanical memorization is the establishment of associations according to the sum, the understanding of the memorization is based on the established meanings of the new language with the input material. The main mental mechanical memorization is repetition, meaning - understanding. It was established by an additional path that the meaning of memory is 20 times more effective for mechanical (memory of 80 blind warehouses is 80 repetitions. Sensory memorization of the verse of 80 words - 8 repetitions).

Preservation of the memory of the deceased. Physiologically saving, earlier, the traces and ties were installed in the brain with a path of their reinforcement. Many factors are added to the conservation of the memorized material: the importance and the valority of the conservation in the memory lie in the installation of special features (remember for a short term or forever), in the context of the knowledge of the material, the frequency of the return to the material and the yogo vikoristannya in practical activity. Zabuvannya-natural folding and nervous process. German doslednik G. Ebbinghaus in the XIX century. having set up, that zabuvannya, like and zam'yatovuvannya, to have the same vibratory character and the greatest waste of material should be immediately after yogo spriynyattya, nadaly zabuvannya is more correct. So, after a year, after the learning of the brainless warehouses, the confusion reaches 56%, the pace of the confusion slows down. The pace of learning should be determined by changing the material, yogo awareness. The more we learn the material, the more we forget the wines.

The manifestation of reminiscences is a reduction in the repetition of the creation (not immediately after memorization, but on the other or third day) due to timchasov’s zabuvannya, as if it were possible to sound the negative induction and the foreign galvanism. Reminiscence is observed when the great material is memorized for obsessive material, and it is often learned in children and the feelings of a young age.

Revision is the process of updating the previously accepted and fixed material (object). Various types of creation, recognition and guesswork. In the event of an update, the update will be applied without re-spraying, if it is recognized, it will be charged for a second spraying. It has been established that the group's process of implementation is more efficient. Guessing - tse svіdome vіdvorennya, pov'yazane z podalnyam deyaky trudnoshchiv, yakі require volovoї napruzhenya.

Concluding the review of the memory processes, it is necessary to indicate the individual characteristics of the memory, or the quality of the memory. The memory of a person can be assessed, or it is described from a glance of the quickness of the memory, the memorability of the memory and the trivality of the savings, the accuracy of the implementation and readiness to the term actualization. In addition, there may be indications of a more important type of memory (for example, visual, ruhova, emotional).

Catering №11

Creative activity is inconceivable without manifestation. I am manifesting a psychic cognition process, in which a person’s activity appears in the sight of the creation of images of a new, previously not represented in the known people.

Uyava becomes active and passive, creative and creative. An active kind of manifestation is connected with the vicons of any kind of activity, with the people of the world, create, reveal. Passive yava can be blamed and hated in the main tse with a weakened signal, as a rule, in a drowsy state, in a state of affect.

Zalezhno in the step of self-reliance and originality rb-razіv reveal yogo podіlyayat on vіdvoryuyuchuyu that creativity. I am creating a vicarious person, creating a new (subjectively new), spiraling with whom I describe in words, graphic images - a map, an armchair. Creativity yava є proprge g.yamlgtoyatepnpgo creation of new images without relying on the mind of the image or the verbal description. With the creation of new, original images, it is possible to reverse the offensive approaches:

analogy - creation of a new one for analogy with introduction;

substitution - substitution of some elements, details of a specific image by others;

agglutination - the acquisition of parts, details of another object in a new object;

division - a new appearance at the result of the division of elements, to become a whole object;

combina- tion - the combination of external elements in a logical way;

hyperbole - an overabundance of some details, presented in a grotesque form.

Fallow in view of the mind, which lie at the basis of images, created by yaw, distinguish between sound, auditory, motor, and type of movement

Catering №12

Respect is the purpose of directing and maintaining awareness on the singing object. The essence of this mental process affects the organization of various forms of fermentation (feelings, feelings, memories, thoughts, emotions and feelings). Physiological / basis ^ respect to serve as spіlna diyalnіst measles of the brain and yogo pіdkirkovih utvoren. Of great importance for understanding the process of respect is the principle of dpminyanty vysunuty A.A. Ukhtomsky. It’s like it’s installed, at the brain there’s a panivny, dominating-onag. awakening, which “attracts” to itself all the damage that at the right time comes to the brain, and the zavdyaki to whom it dominates even more. The principle of dominance allows you to explain those who, at the time of their concern for any object, or the appearance of third-party underlings, cannot return respect and become unmarked.

To the main features of respect, which characterizes yoga as an independent mental process, one can say so.

The intensity, or the tension of the respect, is the quality that signifies the effectiveness of the reception, the understanding of the memory, the clarity of the light. Respect will be intense and tense, the greater the influx of podraznikiv, that they will exclaim.

The duty of respect is the quality, which is determined by the number of objects, which appear at the same time. Obyag vіdbivaєtsya to lay in the vіdоmostі priymanih ob'єktіv and possibilitії їх grupovannya smyslovі blocks.

Concentration of respect - determines the high intensity of respect for one object.

Straightforwardness of respect - signifies the selective nature of the overrun of cognitional activity, vibir (pretty mimic) її objects.

Stіykіst - means trivalіst zberezhennya zozeredzhennosti respect. Resilience is a characteristic of respect for the hour. Tsya power of respect depends on dekilkom factors, including the ability to lie down and the possibility of looking at the object from different sides. The steadfastness of respect can be secured by the oxen zusilly of a person, which can be taman-like for labor processes. However, in case of volitional susillas, they are ineffective, and the productivity of activity steadily decreases.

The amount of respect - this power is manifested in the timing of changes in the intensity of perceptions. Tsya power - periodic short-hour fleeting changes in the degree of intensity of respect. Klyvannya respect can be changed in different periods - from 2-3 to 12 s.

Remembrance of respect - shvidka of relocation of respect, pov'yazane zі svіdomo and navmisno set tasks. It can appear at the transition from one object of activity to another object, or one operation to another.

Switching of respect for the next step in the wake of respect, shards for mimicry respect for the main activity on third-party objects. Building against the influx of third-party undertakings won the name "perishkodnost".

Rozpodіl respect - tse such a quality, like a wiser mozhlivіst one hour vykonuvat kіlka dіy. Possibility of rozpodіlu respect depends on a lot of factors, we are going to lie down due to the nature of summіsnі vidi diyalnostі, vіd їх folding, step їх avtomatizirovannosti. Rozpodil respect to feel better at times, as one of the zdіysnyuvanih dіy zvichno, automated.

For the equal activity of people in the organization of educational activity, they differ quite a bit, mimic and ephemeral.

Mimovilna respect - tse concern for the object, connected with the characteristics of the object as a imitation. The most significant of these characteristics is to be more powerful for the intensity of razdratuvannya - loud sounds, strong smells, bright light. Of particular importance is the contrast between sub-razors, their novelty. Mimovilny rank attaches respect to the object that is collapsing. Mimovilna respect is connected with the interests of the people, to lie in the fact that the object of respect is borrowed in the structure of the activity of the people.

Dovіlna respect vinikaє todі, if a person put his own songs on meti, zavdannya. Steps of seriousness and directness of respect are related to different things not to the peculiarities of the subject, but to the goals set by people, tasks. Sufficient respect is tied to an act of the will of a person, which wields a strong-willed susilla.

Pіslyadovilne in nаnіє vinikaє on the basis of sufficient respect, like, through the awakening of interest in the subject, no longer vimagaє vіd people volovyh zusil. On the back, this kind of respect is connected with the setting of goals and a task, tobto. shout out loudly. With the right kind of respect, the most productive is that intense rozum activity of a person.

Catering №13

The originality of emotions and feelings, which are perceived by a person, are determined by needs, exercises, intentions and peculiarities of character. The main warehouse emotional spheres can be seen: emotions, feelings, moods, affect, stress and frustration.

The concept of “feel like” and “emotions” means two different things, even though mutually show the emotional sphere. Emotions are respected in the simplest, uninterrupted experience at a given moment.

satisfaction and dissatisfaction needs (fear, anger, joy). Emotions and creatures.

Pochuttya - tse folded, lower emotions, postyne, tired experience of a person, tied up with yoga settings to be-whom or be-something. They almost express themselves in emotions, but not without interruption, and at the same time they can not express themselves in any particular experience.

Sleeping for emotions and feelings and functions, like the stench of living and living people. Viriznyayut such functions of emotions.

1. Signal, or expressive - emotions win the transmission of information about the camp of a person. The implementation of this function is due to the fact that it is accompanied by various changes - mime, pantomime, voice changes, vegetative changes (red-poblednny individuals, altered pulse frequency, change in frequency).

2. Regulative - steadfastness of experience directs the behavior of a person, lifts yoga, zmushu dolati pereskodi, scho zustrіchayutsya on the way.

3. Stimulating - emotions can lead a person to a songful act in spite of a rational decision.

4. The function of activation - emotions to increase the level of awakening of the nervous system and the whole organism for the mobilization of forces for the accomplishment of the task.

5. The function of heuristics - emotions accompany the creative process of creating a new one and facilitating the significance of original solutions.

6. The function of an emergency situation - zdijsnyuєtsya for additional affect, which is manifested in the appearance of the flow or aggression.

In the fall, it’s like a camp - more active and passive, crying out emotions, encouraging people to change the stench of the life of a person, distinguish between stenics (like the Greek “stenos” - strength) and asthenic (“asthenos” - weakness, powerlessness) emotions. Wall emotions promote activity, energy and call out the day, wakefulness, badness. Before them one can see joy, fighting excitement, anger, hatred. Asthenic emotions - turmoil, tightness, anger, humiliation - change the activity, energy of the person, reduce the life cycle.

They see ten basic emotions and give them an offensive description.

1. Interest-praise - emotions motivate learning, development of skills and creative exercises. In the beginning of the interest of the Human, respect, dopitility and the obsession with the object of interest are strengthened.

2. Joy - an active camp, which is characterized by a sense of innocence, vlasnoi significance and recognition of what we love.

3. Zdivuvannya - swidkoplenna emotion, directing to the object, which vyklikav podiv, all cognitive processes.

4. Woe-suffering - a person, seeing emotions, losing heart, seeing self-esteem, self-pity, being in contact with people.

5. Anger - calling for the mobilization of forces, seeing the strength, feeling the goodness and the self-sufficiency. Control over the expressions of emotions in the process of socialization of particularity is given significant respect.

6. Ogida - blame for the drive of physical and psychological wear and tear, be it or someone. Often blamed at the same time with pneum, in the future, it can stimulate destructive (ruinivnu) behavior.

7. Znevaga - due to the feelings of depersonalization of people and groups of people, to be aware of the prevaga. Tse cold emotion, can motivate cold-blooded driving. Emotions of anger, contempt that ogide at once satisfy<враждебную триаду».

8. Fear - is accompanied by innocence and filthy feelings. A strong pereljak can paralyze a person, or else, navpaki, mobilize his forces. Fear can be driven in: you can rage to death.

9. Rubbish - the motive of the bazhanya is to hide, call, you can take blame for a little bit of mediocrity.

10. Guilt - vinikaє on vіdmіnu vіd litter (litter mоzhe z'avitysya through be-yak pardon) only in case of broken moral, ethical norms or norms of religious nature and only in the situation, if the person is special vіdpovіdalnіst.

Sound at the psychologists, they distinguish it like this, you can see it:

1. Moral-moral sense - they show the attitude of a person to the behavior of other people and to their own power. It’s almost as if they were enchanted by the light-gazing people - having looked at that perekonan system, the stench was born by the people’s eyes and moral and ethical standards, which regulate the eyes of the blue. To what kind of mind can one feel a little sympathy and antipathy, pretentiousness and devotion, love and hatred, a little bit of obedience, patriotism, the conscience of a person.

2. Intellectual sense - blamed on the process of romatic activity and connection with cognitive processes. Before them enter dopitlivіst, tsіkavіst, raіdіst, pochutya new, vpevnіnіst chi sumnіvi at the correctness of vyrіshuvannogo zavdannya.

3. Aesthetically - just like the beautiful and virtuous, like the greatness of innocence, vulgarity, tragic and comical.

Catering №14

I am aware of the impersonal vision of an emotional state, which shows a difference in emotions. Of these, the greatest contribution to the behavior of a person, її vchinki that work activity is given: mood, passion, stress, frustration and affect

Mood is a characteristic of people's stable emotional experiences, like a long time to suffocate specialty. Moods are called out by different podias, furnishings, as well as by physical self-confidence. Mood can be transmitted from one person to another in the process of splintering, as a rule, the mood reflects the person’s state of mind about his ability to have a prospect for a singing period of life.

Passion is stronger than it seems, as if it takes a lot of space in life. The subject of passion can be different kinds of knowledge and activities, singing speeches, and other people.

The main sign of passion is a deviant character. Predilection zavzhdy sponkaet a person to active activity, on the basis of which predilection develops and becomes satisfied. Passion is also characterized by stability, trivality at the hour. Predilection є viraz the choice of setting the individual to the world.

Vіd predstіnі sіd vіdіznyati zakhoplennya. The occupancy is characterized by a low level and tim, which is organically connected with the main life settings of the specialty. Burial is mostly for impulsive, emotional people. Zakhoplennya can outgrow in addiction.

Before emotional states lie and stress. Stress manifests itself as ironically becoming a high trend ^ which ensures the constant mobilization of the body for the accomplishment of an important life task.

If such a mobilization does not lead to a solution of the problem, and it is impossible to do it, then the blame for distress is evidently up to the appointment of one of the leading authors of the theory of stress, the Canadian scientist G. Selye, "filthy stress." The main consequences of stress, for Strength, neurosis and psychosomatic illness (virazova ailment, hypertensive illness, stroke, heart attack, oncological illness).

1st stage of anxiety

2. stabilization phase

3. phase out

Frequently repeating frustrations can make a person's character traits - aggressiveness, zazdrіst, anger. In others, they can, on the contrary, be formed: silliness, passivity, nevira in oneself, a complex of innocence, baiduzhist, non-initiative.

Catering №15

Stress in its wake is a continuum of stereotypical, non-specific reactions to the body, which prepare a person for physical activity, to support, fight, or run out. Your reactions will make you feel friendly and fight against trouble.

It has been established that weaknesses do not lead to stress, wines develop only if the situation is able to overturn the inherent ability of the body.

As a factor that exacerbates stress, it can act as a physical stimulus (for example, increased temperature is increased, water content, gas contamination, drunkenness), and psychological causes. Before them, let's decide: the need to adopt especially urgent decisions, the need for minds to have a shortage of time, the need for a sharp change in the strategy of behavior. It is accepted to divide stress on the main: physiological (systemic) and mental. Psychic stress, its own trait, is mentally subdivided into informational (causing situations of significant informational pressures) and emotional (caused by situations of threat, unsafety, image).

The most destructive stressors of people are mental stress, failure, fear, almost unsafe, unsatisfactory pace of work, conflicts with loved ones and in teams.

Different people react to the same urge differently.

nіst їх diyalnostі prodovzhuє zrostati up to the singing boundary. Tse so titles stress left. In some people, the effect is called out by strong imitations (words, the behavior of other people, some kind of furnishing). a passive reaction is feared, the effectiveness of their activity is falling, nervous vision is feared, depression is the name of the stress of a rabbit. Dynamic stress has the following phases:

1st stage of anxiety

2. stabilization phase

3. phase out

Stress is the storage part of the life of a skin person, you cannot escape. It is important to vikoristovuvati yogo stimulating, creative infusion and shaping your own stamina to stress.

Frustration - a camp that people have in situations, that vin chi ob'ektivly sticks with non-searchable shifts due to the cost of satisfaction with important needs.

This camp is characterized by an internal conflict between the directness of particularity and objective ability, which in the individual is not suitable. Frostraziya is manifested by Todi, if the strap of the non -navigation of the people, the people can be cherry, is tobto, the yuroga Frostraziy ^ threshold of Frostrazi is tortured with a step of the zbudinosti giving people who are inherent in the dosvydi fratrastsi reservoirs.

A person in such a state of mind when stunned by incomprehensible transitions can save an objective assessment of the situation that has evolved, and make the right decision, so that under the influence of strong podrazniki, he will not become frustrated. Such a camp is signified as tolerance, that is tolerance, virility to frustrating situations. Tolerance shows the ability of a person to cope with frustrating situations.

Frequently repeating frustrations can make a person's character traits - aggressiveness, zazdrіst, anger. In others, they can, at the same time, be formed: silliness, g^assivnoskhts-nevira in oneself, a complex of innocence, baiduzhity, bezіnіtsіativnіst.

Catering №17

And the effect of the translation from the Latin is stronger sincerely lamenting, zbudzhennya Tse strimko and gurglingly flow emotional processes of vibukhovy character with sharply pronounced periods and vegetative manifestations, often not under control of the bridge. The affect is accompanied by ruhovy over-excitement, or maybe, on the contrary, it’s more likely to call out the galvanization of the movie and the real baiduzhist. the situation sounds like a lot of mismatches, an acute conflict character. There, ring out, accompanied by threats, violence, images of the subject of chi yoga loved ones. A person in such a situation is in dire need of action.

The physiological peculiarity of the effect is the fluctuation of the pidkirkov centers in the form of streaming and regulating measles. The “panuvannya” of the subcortex appears in the brilliance of the sound manifestations of the affect.

It has been established the individual-psychological peculiarities of special features, which are more resistant to affect, greater than to the effect of an individual with a neuroinnovative type of the nervous system, with the priority of the processes of awakening over the processes of galvanization. In osіb, skhilnyh to affective response, emotional instability is indicated, sensitivity is increased, vulnerability, razlivіst, skhilnіst up to “hooked up” on psychotraumatic facts, high, unstable self-esteem. At the onset of an affective reaction, one should add the century-old features of a person, their temporal functional states (for example, in that case, sleeplessness, post-traumatic mental disorders, caused by people experiencing an extreme situation)

Catering №18

All other people can be subdivided into quite a few. Mimovilny dії vіdbuvayutsya under the influx of unacknowledged chi of insufficiently acknowledged spontaneity. Mimovilni dії mayut impulsive nature and allow for a clear plan. Sufficient dії transfer the notifications to the mark, the successor of the paths revealed in that way and її reach. All the good things that zdіysnyuyuyutsya svіdomo that mаtі on methі, so named, shards of stink pohіdni vіd volі.

Will - tse mental process of svіdomogo upravlіnnya dіyalnіstyu, scho polagáє podalnі difficulties that reshkod on the way to the set mark.

Difficulty to cross over to the path until reaching the reach of two types - the outer ones and the inner ones (the outer ones - solve the problems yourself, your folding, the strong crosses, the support of other people, the importance of the robot. The crosses can be quieter, great, maximum and inexhaustible.

internal transitions - tse ob'єktivnі, osobisti problems, scho zavazhayut vykonannya namіchennogo, if people importantly zmusit themselves pratsyuvati, dolati vtomu, molting, shkidlivі zvichki, bazhannya, pulls.

A list of situations has been compiled for those who can blame the need for oxen zusil:

1) the presence of sufficient motivation up to dії (deficiency of "implementation motivation); 2) choice of motives, types of activity goals in case of current conflict (struggle of motives, manifestation of competing motives);

3) sufficient regulation of ovnіshnіkh_і_vnutrіshnіkh diy and mental processes;

4), bringing pink to the final result;

Podolannya trudnoshchiv vimaga volyovyh zusil that will show volovyh features of specialness. Volova diyalnist - a special camp of neuro-psychic tension, which leads to the mobilization of physical, intellectual and moral forces of a person.

The will to take revenge on oneself has passed from thoughts to feelings and to dії. Will is the power of specialness over oneself, which manifests itself in self-determination, self-regulation of one's activities and all mental processes.

The following rices are seen to oxen's yakos:

a) activity and energy (rіshuchіst, smilіvіst, іnіtіаtіvnіst аnd їх protilezhnostі - fearfulness, inertness, nerіshuchіst);

b) organization (visiting, streaming, self-control, inwardness in oneself, purposefulness); c) resilience to character (vitrality, tolerance, poise, masculinity, vpertist). Volovіy yakostі signify smartness and readiness of a person to regulate their activity, due to the difficulties in the underlings and straighten the behavior according to the singing principles of that day.

Catering №19

It is up to the basics to understand what the center of respect and development of psychology has to understand, “person”, “individual”, “specialty”, “individuality”. A person in psychology is perceived as a biopsychosocial reality. A person, as a biological entity, as a representative of the mind of people, is described by the concept of "individual". As a biological species, a person is characterized by a special bodily organization, to the essential signs of which one can see: upright posture, the presence of hands, sticking to the prats, high brain heights, building-like light in understandings and visnovkas, especially the mobility of a member, the ability of the throat

How the essence of a social person is described by the concept of “speciality”. The peculiarities of a person are understood as a specific person in the aggregate of її socially significant qualities, which are manifested and formed in the process of social interaction, that is in the process of practice, splkuvannya, knowledge. yakі in the aggregate signify unique

that uniqueness of a person is like specialness.

The development of the human body as an individual in a significant world of programming is genetically determined by recessionary factors. The formation of people, as a specialty, is taken into account by their participation in different activities, in the process of organized by the court, learning that development. Vіdomі scientіl vіpadki zhіttya іdіnіh іdіnі svіlnotakh brіvіn (ї ї ї ї її ії її ї її її і ї ї ї і ї і ї і ї і ї і, "children of the Jungle", "feral people") confirm the thesis of science about those that the posture of human suppіlstvo development of human specialty is not known. The process of transforming an individual into a specialty, having omitted the name of socialization - the process of actively assimilation and development of human knowledge, reduce, beginners, necessary for life and that activity in the household.

Specialties are not popular, and a person can stop being special due to an important mental illness (if you want to continue with it, it’s natural).

Meal №20

The structure of special features and the form of organization of mental powers associated with each other ієrarchically and which are in vzaimozalezhnostі and vzaєmodії.

The skin of a person is special, as it is possible to posterigate, evaluate, describe. Describing that chi іnshу speciality, giving їy characteristic, that її її characteristic risi chi power, we can picture а specialty, chi psychological portrait of specialness.

Іsnuyut raznі come to the understanding of the structure of particularity, as a butt can be called three of them, which are wide-width.

1. Psychoanalytic mind - I see three components in the special structure: Vono, Him, Over-I, Super-His. In the sphere of the unfamiliar, the basic instincts of the human being are enshrined. Nadsvidome - Above-I amolates the norms, rules, moral commandments, adopted by the people from the process of vihovannia. Tse batkіvske ear of specialness of a person / It is distinguished by psychoanalysts from the knowledge of a person, an actual camp, which is a rational ear of a person's specialness. The sphere of the unknown is guided by the principle of satisfaction and actively pragne yoga implementation, the sphere of I is based on the principle of intelligence. Help them constantly blame conflicts. It is the person who is appointed, guided by the ideas of Z. Freud, his day.

2. Transactional analysis, the theory of which is broken down by the American Vchenim E. Bern, looks at the structure of specialness as a sum of three, components (abostans): Batko, Dorosliy and Ditina. At the skin moment, the next component is actualized, and the specialty appears in the role of the Old Man, which specializes the father’s cob in a person (and even then the person is more important to start opikuvatisya, zmushuvati, control, punish), or in the role of a grown-up person in the human behavior and actions are controlled by reason, relying on information, knowledge, information, or in the role of a Child, as if acting in a whimsical, impulsive manner, not responding to the situation. The skin component of the specialty vikonuє pevnu funktіyu and tsіnniy for the individual, for example; Batko ce strimuyuchy cob Dorosliy) - a rational cob, vchinki from the position of a healthy eye Ditin - a creative cob in humans, її bezsrednіst, zhvavist.

3. The theory of characteristics of G. Allport considers the peculiarity as a collection of stable, permanent displays. The author of the theory sees the main figures (“tridy”) and additional ones. superficially, with a lesser rank, to formalize the behavior of a person. Vihovoyuchi, we priyaєmo show no less characteristics, yakі sumi, complex. For this, it is important, developing, for example, the beginners of cultural behavior, to develop in the complex and the main moral values ​​- humanity, altruism, socially positive directing to the specialty of other people.

4. A great expansion in the psychology of the widows of the widow has a scheme, proponed by Platonov. The peculiarity of the approach proposed by the author is an indication of the staleness of the components in the structure of minds, the formation and the injection of factors of innateness and naturalness. This variant of the structure of the individual was given the name “functional-dynamic structure of specialness”. To drink often and in full is true in the structure of special features such components are seen: directness, temperament, character and zdіbnosti.

Catering №21

Under the directive of speciality, it is necessary to understand the supply of potyagiv, bazhan, needs, motives, interests, life goals, ideals, perekonan, what to call: strategic activity of specialness. Dominating directness signifies all mental activity and special behavior. So, for example, the dominance of knowledge needs to be brought to a strong-willed and emotional mood that activates the intellectual activity of a person.

Conductive directivity of specialness is manifested in the style of thinking of behavior, in the peculiarities of social interaction (split and diyality). By which the spontaneity of specialness is shaped and shaped, the greater the impact on tactics, ways of behavior, on the way of life as a whole. At the basis of the directness of specialness lies a system of motives for the needs of specialty, which is responsible for the process of life and the development of people. Needs and motives to have a special role in the formation of directness of specialness.

Require special features - to wake up to the cracks. Everything that a person robs, wins to rob for the sake of satisfaction of needs. The need to express the connection between the people and the lives of important objects and furnishings. Consume - tse experience I will consume in objective minds, objects, objects, without some kind of impossibility that development of living organisms. Demand to act like a dzherela of human activity, tobto. to call activation functions (calling the activity of a person in certain spheres). In addition, the stench of the functions of urges is a stimulus, which you directly need for adoption, what you need, what you live up to the joke of what you need, but to regulate and direct the behavior of a person can be more than a motive. The motive can be recognized as those for the sake of which a person acts. Tse sponukannya to the singing way dії. Motives, as a rule, are called thoughts, pragnennya, and it seems like people, connected with the knowledge of quiet chi іnshih needs and spur it to tiєї chi іnshої activity.

In this way, the need for the building of a spontaneously less directed activity of the body and raising it on the equal level, the docks of the need will not be satisfied. However, the need to regulate and straighten out the activity, to determine the nature of the behavior is less with the subject, which is consistent with it, so if the “objectification” of the consumer is required, then the transformation into a motive. Establish different classifications of needs. The same thing is to be in vivu vivі consumers of the one, the Veda (he will, theoretically Z. Freud, the main Jerel Active people, is stormed “lіbido” - sexual requirements, inhibited in the status senior; vladi). One of the first classification needs, how to know the knowledge and dosi є classification of needs, was proponed by the ancient Greek philosopher Epikur. Usі consume (bazhannya) people wine divided into three groups: I) natural necessities (need for zhіzhі, sleep, vіdpochinku); 2) natural, but not necessary (for example, sexual needs); 3) not natural and not necessary (required by fame). The great popularity and wide expansion of the classification of needs was propagated by the American humanist psychologist A. Maslow. Von vіdoma yak iєarkhіchna klassifіkatsіya needs abo “Maslow's pyramid”. The author of the theory of self-actualization in the hierarchical pyramid of needs saw five classes of needs:

1) ^yu^;southern consumption (for zhі, pitvі, snі, vіdpochinku, razryadtsі^ activity, sour);

2) consume in safety (physical and psychological), comfort, order;

3) consume in favor, love, in respect to the group;

4) consume from self-confidence, from the hvalenni, from the underdog, from the known, competence, from the reach);

5) the need for self-actualization, self-realization.

The first chotiri class needs A. Maslow called the needs of savings and less than five times of introduction to the needs of development. Before Maslow's original pyramid, the class of cognitive and aesthetic needs was added especially. You can also bring them to the needs of the greater equal.

Catering №22

Under the temperament, I will understand the dynamic characteristics of the mental life and behavior of a person. The dominance of the temperament is shown in the activity independently in view of the freedom of the activity, the goals and the setting of the people before it.

Temperament is revealed in the coming authorities:

1) activity (communion between people and otochennyam, initiative, willingness to work);

2) peculiarities of motility and the pace of mental activity (tempo, rhythm, speed of movement, totality, amplitude; speed of romatic processes, pace of movement, guilt, speed, memory, speed of creation);

3) emotion (irritability, impulsivity, emotional alertness, quickness of guilt of emotions, their strength, modality (look) of dominant emotions);

4) sensitivity (characterized by the least force of the splendid infusion, which is necessary for vindication of any mental reaction of a person);

anxiety

situations);

6) екстраверсія - інтроверсія (у разі переважання екстраверсії спостерігається підвищена залежність від зовнішнього світу, реакції людини виникають у відповідь на впливи, що надходять ззовні; при переважанні інтроверсії спостерігається зверненість індивіда всередину, залежність психічних реакцій від образів, уявлень, думок, майбутнім людини)

Catering №23

Character - tse іndivіdualne stіykіh psіchіchnih osobennosti, scho vznachayut typical for this subject of post-emotional reaction that behavior in typical life minds, environments.

Character is a way of expressing the peculiarities of one's perekonan, realizing one's position, slowing down to activity. The nature of the succulence of the most clearly pronounced and stable rice features is systematically manifested in the children and in the chinks of a person. Character can be seen as a substructure of an individual. Therefore, we can talk about a good person (as a special person with a positive direction) with a filthy character.

Okremі character to character poov'yazanі mіzh itself, zalezhnі one vіd one i utavlyuyut organіzatsiyu, as it is customary to call the structure of the character. The nature of how the whole enlightenment is characterized by a number of regularities. The main ones can be seen:

1. The strength of character is a step against the outrageous, unfriendly environment,

2. The vrіvnovazhenіst-character - the spіvvіdnіnіnі strimanії і activity, ііvnіst behavior.

4. Tsіlіsnіst- єdnіst psihіchіch warehouse people, uzgodzhenіst yogo vіdnosin to raznyh storіnіynostі, vіdsutnіst protirіch y pragnennyah.

5. Significance of character is manifested in the sequence of behavior, which leads to the formation of changes, the main directness of specialness.

b. Plasticity to the character - this is the order of such power, like stability, signifying the possibility of this change, the main mental development of that vihovannia.

Catering №24

At this time, to finish the house, the classification of characters is broadened, prompted by A.Є. Disguise. The basis of the classification developed by him lies in the statement about the accentuation of the character. Under the accentuation of the character, there is an increase in the overworld, a strengthening of the other characteristics. It is more powerful to bring people to the point of volatility in singing situations. In the classification of A.Є. Special representation of 11 types of character. Tsya klassifikatsiya razroblenno osіb pіdlіtkovogo vіku.

The accentuation of the character is supra-linguistically wider in the wider regions: the stench is thickening in about half of its population. Accentuations of character are seen as an extreme deviation of the norm. The stench can be buti prihovanimi that obvious. The accentuation is attached to a critical situation, if the movements are strong enough. The nature of the accentuations is not sufficiently explained. Іsnuyet podstaví allow nayavnіst bіologichno umovlennyh spadkovyh change of mind, from the other side, and the wrong style of waving can lead to the formation of accentuation.

Food №25

Under the circumstances of psychology, it is possible to increase the success rate to achieve stable, but at the same time and less individual psychological features of specialty, which signifies the success of the training of the duty, the effectiveness of the vikonannya and the perfection. To the sign of zdіbnosti vіdnositsya їх the most important characteristics;

1. Zdіbnostі - tse _individually-psychological peculiarities of a person, yakі vіrіznyayut one person in the same way, that is the basis of the individuality of the person (order and power of її temperament).

2. The stench is mindful of the possibility of success in singing activities, mutually insinuating from it, tobto. they do not only signify success and they themselves appear in that activity, for the purpose of this kind of need, they are molded into a kind of stench.

3. Zdіbnostі not zvoditsya to specific knowledge, okremyh novice that time, prote pov'yazanі zі zіnannya, novice, vminnyami. This link is revealed, we are in front, at the shvidkost it is enchanted by knowledge, having gained a newbie, at the shvidkost it has been mastered.

The largest view of the classification of living quarters and specialties. Zagalnі zdіbnostі nebhіdnі a wide stake to occupy (for example, zdatnіst to work, move, study). Special facilities are necessary for a high school to occupy (for example, musical, artistic facilities, buildings for scientific work, sports facilities).

Zdіbnosti mayut like a kіlkіsnu, so i аkіsnu sides. The Yakіsna side of the zdіbnosti introbrazhaє those, to what kind of activity people are the most zdatna. Razrіznyayut kіlka rivnіv razvitku zdіbnosti: giftedness, talent and genius. Giftedness is the succession of a few zdіbnosti, the initial special attainment of any type of activity, as they see some of the middle people and exalt some of them. It should be noted that the understanding of giftedness of vicorist is most often a hundred of children.

Talent is called such a succulence of “zdіbnosti”, as it allows you to take the product of activity, which is recognized by originality and novelty, high thoroughness and suspіlnoy significance. Talent - tse nasampered poddnannya zdіbnosti, їkh sukupnosti. Okremo is taken, the building can be isolated, but it can be equaled to the talent of a person, to make it reach even a high level of development. The butt can be a phenomenal memory of a person. Memory is guilty obov'yazkovo poddnuvatisya z deep interests of special, strong will, yavayu, expressed need for creativity.

Geniality is the foundation of the development of talent, which allows you to develop principles of work in that other sphere of creativity, to create an era.

26. Concept, structure and psychological features

malice individuals

The problem of the evil individual is developed both by representatives of the legal sciences (criminal law, criminology, criminalistics), and legal psychologists.

The term "specialty of evil" is used in different meanings: the specificity of the accused, the specificity of the accused, the specificity of the accused, the specificity of the condemned, the specificity of the individual, as if punished. Ale, apparently, before the law, no one can be slandered by an evil-doer, otherwise, below the court. In this context, the understanding of “special mischief” is less than convict for a specific mischief. Otzhe, it is necessary to understand the division between them.

In the majority of opinions, the phrase “specialty of evil” is expected to have a special legal zmist. According to the Criminal Code, this sense qualifies the designated subject for malice. The subject of evil is a condemned physical person, as it has reached the age established by law. And the axis of the psychological aspect of this understanding, which signifies the significance of individual features of particularity in causal and hereditary links in the mechanisms of evil, is left unrecognized.

Speaking about the specialty of evil, the next thing to remember is that it’s clear that it’s spying on the deepest vchennya about specialty, and that’s warehouse.

It is possible to formulate such a designation of an evil person: specialty mischief- this is the peculiarity of the person, as it has brought evils on account of the psychological peculiarities that were attached to you, which appeared in the singing situation. Later, legal psychology considers the peculiarity of the human activity of a particular individual, which, having caused evil, has set the scene, which plays the initial role of the hour of evil, and the reasons for such behavior.

Under the psychological characteristics of an individual, the malice of the zocrema is understood as a stable sequence of special-individual characteristics, which determine the typical forms of behavior.

A. R. Ratinov saw a number of features that make a person look like a person, as if she has committed evil, in the form of a person of a law-hearing hulk:

Vіdminnіst vіdіnіsno-normativeії sistemy, tobto. on the equal development of the legal system, in relation to other legal institutions. So, the maximum solidarity with the criminal law and the practice of yogo zastosuvannya among law-hearing citizens is less pronounced, lower among evil-doers, although their legal information is approximately the same, and often (knowledge of the articles of the Criminal Code) among evil-doers. The stage has been conquered and the adoption of legal values ​​from the evil-doers of the lower, lower from the law-hearing hromada. The main streaming factor of the anti-community behavior among the evil-doers is the current unfortunate legacy. For a legally-hearing hulk - every year from the established norms and rules of their dotrimannya. However, it’s not worth it to see if it’s wrong, because they blamed evil on negligence. Their valuable-normative system is not broken, but evils are stoked by themselves through negligence and negligence.

Vіdminnostі in estimirovannomu stavlennі to pravohohornіv organіv i їх vialnostі. Malicious people evaluate penal practice as superhumanly suvor, especially if they see evil people, as they themselves are condemned. To lie before the organs of justice is wary, distrustful. The most skeptical of the right-wing organs is slanderous mischief, the most negative and the most skeptical is scurrilous-violent. Law-hearing hromadas are placed before law enforcement officers as before defenders.

Zlochintsiv vіdrіznyає filthy social preoccupation, rampant dissatisfaction with their camp in the household. The stink is pronounced like rice, like impulsivity, which is manifested in reduced self-control of one's behavior, thoughtless vchinka, emotional immaturity, infantilism. However, for example, the clumsy and careless evil spirits of the day have a filthy social attachment and impulsivity. This characteristic is more suitable for violent and violent-violent villains.

Moral and legal norms do not impose their behavior on a pure infusion. So people sound, or they don’t understand what suspense means in them, but they understand, but they don’t know how to victorious. In connection with the disruption or deformation of normative control, the stench evaluates the social situation not from the position of moral and legal powers, but from the minds of the middle, in which their individuals were molded, or in which the stench was trivaly for an hour (for example, a specific subculture). to unbearable mischief.

Damage at the sphere of conflict. The evil-doers cannot establish contacts with the lonely, cannot stand the thought of another person, marvel at themselves from the side. All at once, learn the shape of such a figure, like boredom in oneself, isolation, vigor, aggressiveness, suspicion. Through the war, the legal assessment of the situation is even greater, the behavior is controlled by affective installations. This characteristic is more suitable for violent evildoers and therefore not suitable for the psychological features of ugly and careless evildoers.

In this way, the specialty of the evil-doer is considered to be a person of a law-abiding hulk with a negative sign of the price-normative system and stable psychological features, which may be criminogenic and specific for the evil-doers. Tsya specificity of their moral and psychological outlook is one of the officials who caused them evil.

However, once again we marveled at the value of authority, then, perhaps, that they were not powerful to persons, as if they had committed unscrupulous mischief. They do not have any changes in the value of the financial-regulatory system, and in the social status, and in the adoption of moral and legal norms, and in the established contacts with the acute ones - here the power of the term "special mischief" to the category of people. Zі zlochintsy їх poednuє only one - the violation of the criminal law. I tse pitanya at the present time is left with vodkritim, although psychologists and lawyers have shown in their particularity the special features, yakі can get into their behavior in the situatsiy.

The psychological structure of an evil individual includes the following elements:

The power of the need-motivational sphere (consumes, interests, strong motives and others);

Powerfulness of the price-normative sphere (look, reconciliation, price orientation, attitudes, positions of particularity, then);

Intellectual power (river of rosum development, particularity of thought);

Dominance, scho to establish dosvіd, significant in malicious behavior (knowledge, vminnya, newcomers, zdіbnosti);

Emotional power (study of enlightenment, yakі zabezpechayut yakіsny i kіlkіsny rіvenіnі dіyalnostі, typіnії given people - for example, affectivnіst, zapalnіst).

Іsnuyut raznі periodizatsії rozvitku grown ї lyudiny. They have an opinion, in other words different, about a whole life path, rozv'azuvani zavdannya, experience and crises. Let's take a look at the ancient frames of I.Yu. Kulagina and V.M. Kolyutsky:

between youth and youth - close to 20-23 years;

youth and maturity - 28-30 years old (and sometimes up to 35 years old);

between maturity and old age - approximately 60-70 years.

1. Youth (from 17 to 20-23 years)

Youth is less than an ear of a grown-up life. Seeing that all life ahead gives you the opportunity to try, have mercy and joke with a light soul. Here the childishness is overwhelmed by the minuloma. All mental functions are basically formed and the stabilization of specificity began, the framework of the other age groups is becoming more and more mental in nature. The crisis of 17 years is the milestone of the high school and the new mature life.

Overwhelming school after the 9th grade, students go to technical colleges or practice, students from the evening school. We are seeing the adoption of a crisis of 17 years in a b_k crisis of 15 years. The crisis of 15 years is typical mainly for those who have a strong hedonistic attitude. Under the hour of the crisis, such cues become cynical and reach the door, clearly formulate their life credo. The period of youth for them is the hour of trials and pardons. They seem to stink: "The world of enlightenment does not give a penny. The intelligentsia live longer."

Most of the 17th grades are oriented towards the promotion of lighting, not too much - on the search for robots, they did not bother with the yaku after the 9th grade. A great deal of enlightenment is necessary for him to get a profession that allows you to "live well", "earn richly", "take care of yourself that family". There are two categories of school graduates:

the first ones support the fathers (paid VNZ) for help, they don’t waste their spiritual jealousy;

others rozrakhovuyut on their own strength - the most shillnі to pov'yazanih z nadhodzhennym stresses.

Вік is a concrete-historical category. On the 19th-20th, the youngsters will face the main difficulties of their life due to the appearance of evidence, which was not there before. Value the light of day, which at the same time from the problems brought more opportunities.

2. Youth (from 20-23 to 30 years old)

Youth thrives on the period of life from the end of adolescence from 20-23 to about 30 years of age, if a person "is more or less hardened in a mature life" (A.V. Tolstikh). The upper boundary of youth by deaky authors continues up to 35 years. Youth is the hour of creation of the family, the hour of mastering the chosen profession, the appointment to life and its role in it. Youth is the time for optimism. The person is filled with the forces of that energy, bazhannya zdiisniti its goals and ideals. Youth has the most accessible professional activities, the most intense interactions, the most easily restored and most developed in the blue of friendship and love. Youth is respected by the optimal hour of self-realization.

3. Audience

Maturity is a period of life that has found for most people. The authors define the upper boundary between different times in different ways: from 50–55 to 65–70 years. Vіdpovіdno to E. Erіkson, maturity ohoplіє hour vіd 25 to 65 roіv, then. 40 fates of life. Maturity is valued by the hour of new development of specialness, if a person can realize all his potential, achieve the greatest success in all spheres of life. This is the hour of victorious recognition of one's human recognition - as in the case of a professional chi, a huge activity, so in terms of the offensiveness of generations. In maturity, like in youth, the main sides of life are professional activity and family stance. And yet, in youth, it included the identification of a chosen profession and the choice of a companion of life, then in adulthood it included the realization of oneself, outside the development of one’s potential in professional activity and family life.

The development of the specialty of a mature person helps to relieve the unrealistic maximalism, characteristic of youth and often youth, the importance and richness of the approach to life problems, including the nourishment of one’s professional activity. Accumulations dosvid, knowledge, vminnya to become a great value for a person, but they can create and difficulties in adopting new professional ideas, galvanize the growth of creative abilities. Minuliy dosvіd for the presence of reasonable gnuchkost and rich facet can become the core of conservatism, rigidity, rejection of everything that goes out without seeing oneself.

Crisis 40 years. Corrective life plan

Part of the people living one "pre-planned crisis" 40 years (before and after). Tse yak bi repetition of the crisis of 30 years, the crisis of the sense of life, like the crisis of 30 years did not lead to a necessary solution of problems. The crisis of 40 years is often called out to zagostrenny family vines. Children, as a rule, grow up and start living their own lives, close relatives and relatives of the older generation die. The loss of uninterrupted participation in the life of children is conducive to the residual familiarity of the nature of the friends. The best thing is that the Crimean children make friends with nothing more significant for them both. In times of crisis 40 years of life, people will again have to revise their life ideas, develop a new “I am a concept”. This crisis can seriously change the life of a person right up to the change of profession and the creation of a new family.

As in youth, the central age-old newlyweds are family women, including motherhood and fatherhood and professional competence, then in maturity, on the basis of their guilt, the enlightenment is already united. It integrates the results of development of both new creations in the early period and is called productivity.

Crisis 40 years to talk more about one important newfound maturity: corrective life plans and change them "I am a concept".

Swiss psychologist Ege. Claparede respecting what is within the reach of his maturity and the peak of professional productivity, people take on their development, grow up at the advancement of their professional skills, and their creative potential. Then there is a recession, the step of changing professional productivity: the best thing that a person could grow in his life, is left behind, on the road that has already been passed. So they respected not only E. Claparede, but even more low-ranking.

In the middle of the period of maturity, one can see "acme" - the peak, if wealthy people begin to experience a decline in life energy and activity. The transition from progress to regression is shown by different authors and previous authors from a different century. This season is most important in 40 to 50 years. Involutionary processes in the development of mental functions are related to biological antiquities that start. The hour of peak of professional productivity lies in the necessary optimal level of skill, knowledge, knowledge, from one side, that functional and physical training - from the other side. For an hour, that trivality of "acme" is injected into the individual-special features of the people. For representatives of rich professions, the peak of productivity, after which the decline is uncharacteristic. All actors, vikladachi, doctors are specialists too. Here professional mastery does not have to be zhorstkoї zalezhnostі vіd іvnja іnії ї ї ї ї functionalі ї zalezhnostі. Ale for low professions is the age-old type of productivity of deliberations by the very nature of the work. Tse l'otchiki-viprobuvachi, ballet dancers. The stench reaches "acme" to the very cob of its maturity. In such professions, like a doctor-surgeon, an air traffic controller "acme" can break down to the middle, sometimes to the other half of maturity.

Adulthood and psychological age

They see 3 mutually connected, but they don’t run one for one:

chronological (passport)

physical (biological)

psychological

Psychological age - how a person feels and perceives. Vіn rich in what the physical vіk is poured into.

Psikhologichniy vіk - vіkova іdentifіkatsіya, kak buti raznogo stіvіdіmlenostі - tse aspect samosvіdomostі, po'yazaniy z vyavlennyami pro o'clock.

Timchasova perspective is expanding from time to time. At the maturity of the change in the timing of the prospects, there is a change in the hour, so that you can subjectively squirm and spoof, squeeze and stretch.

Psychological age to lie in the Timchas perspective, which has developed into people, there is no way out of it.

In youth, the momentum of the manifestation of the psychological age is chronologically greater. Although the socially significant point is not reached (illumination, weight), the psychological age can be seen as a chronological one.

In adulthood, the psychological life is full of richness in the world in terms of the individual features of the people, in terms of directness and specialty, the specifics of life goals and their implementation.

In maturity, there are three options for spiving a psychological age from a chronological one:

adequacy

vіdstavannya

viperedzhennya

Viperedzhennya psychological chronological century in maturity sounds means the old age. Before the hour, old times are often associated with misfortunes - another close person, a serious illness, a natural and social catastrophe.

Kokhannya, creative achievement can lead to ruin in the right direction - in psychological youth.

The appearance of a psychological age can be a mother’s place in different symbiotic relationships between a mother and a single child.

Behind the passport century, people from the vorazhennym rices of infantilism look like a psychological one.

For people who are active, creative, saving a little bit of youth is connected with a real productive work in the present and significant plans for the future. Like a person "seeing right, having consecrated a wine to himself," - this is a psychological past, even if it wasn’t great, make it smaller than the psychological future. The process of creativity is endless and new perspectives open up before the human being. In this situation, everyone speaks about high maturity. No wonder Skhid seems to say: "Wisdom does not know the age."

We cut, scho spreading the age and the life of age, respecting the retirement, the end of the active professional life. Later, at the transitional stage between maturity and old age, we are again clinging to the rest of the crisis period, designated by psychologists, the crisis of retirement.

PLAN

Individually-psychological features of special features………………… 3

1. Temperament………………………………………………………………...3

2. Character……………………………………………………………………..5

3. Health……………………………………………………………………7

4. Feel that emotion…………………………………………………………………9

5. Will………………………………………………………………………….10

References………………………………………………………………13

Individually-psychological peculiarities.

Individually-psychological features are called their own power of mental activity, special features, which are manifested in temperament, character, traits, feelings and emotions, as well as showing will. The stench is settled as a result of the systemic aggravation of individual biological and socially engulfed authorities, conditioned to the functioning of the system of human behavior, as well as її activity and intercourse. The stench is caused by mental processes: motivational-demanding, learning, emotional-volitional. It is important that temperament and character signify the dynamic and changing aspects of behavior, emotional and volitional stamina of specialness and warehouse character of a person, and zdіbnosti - tse specific features of specialness, as well as intellectual vikonnnya tієї chi іnо dіyаlіyalіyalіy.

1. Temperament

Іstorіya viniknennya vchennya pro temperament vіdnositsya up to V Art. BC, if the ancient Greek doctor Hippocrates came up with the idea that life, healthy people lie in some of the main juices of the body: blood, lymph, zhovchi and black zhovchi. Spiraling on qi manifestations, the ancient Roman liar Galen (II century AD), having formulated the humoral theory, zgіdno zgіdno svіvіdnennia tsіh rіdіn vplyvaє not only on zdorov'ya, but also signifies the mental state, the behavior of a person. Galen propagated the first classification of views of temperament. Zalezhno vіd perevazhennya in the organism of those ієї chi іnshої rіdini people, zgіdno z yogo theory, vіdіznyayutsya one vіd one force, speed, tempo, rhythm of ruhіv, expressiveness of expression of feelings. Zvіdsi have come to name some types of temperament: sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric and melancholy.

Behavior to lie down only in social minds, but also in the peculiarities of the natural organization. The temperament is the same as the confusion of the biological organization of the individual, and to that it is shown to be done early that clearly in children, in children, employment, splintering.

Let's take a look at the parameters of various types of temperament.

Choleric. Representatives of the latter are inspired by the advanced zbudlivistyu, and after the latter, by the neurotic behavior. Choleric is hot-tempered, aggressive, straight-lined in ventilators, energetic in activity. Cholerics are characterized by cyclicity in robots. The stink with the force I'm addicted to the right, zahopitisya him. Ale the axis was outstretched, the faith fell in its ability, set to humiliate moods, and the stench did not shy away. This kind of cyclicality is one of the last neurological events of the nervous activity.

Sanguine. A person with a strong, vrіvnovazhenoyu, crumbling nervous system. Vіn maє shvidku shvidkіst reaction, yogo vchinki pondered. A sanguine life-radius, for some reason you have a powerful temple to support the difficulties of life. Vіn productive dіyach, аlе lichе tоdі, іf thе rich cіkavih cprav. Otherwise, we become mlyavim, tedious, vociferous.

Phlegmatic person. Vіn is solid, not marnuy forces: having opened it, vin to bring it to the right to the end. Vіn rіvniy vіdnosinakh, comradely in the world, not to love for nothing basics. Nedolіkami phlegmatic є yogoі inertnіst, malorukhlivіst. Yomu will need an hour for rozgoduvannya, for raising respect, for switching yogo to another object.

Melancholy. The person has a weak nervous system, which can lead to sensitivity to weak subdivisions. Vіn often sumny, humiliation, nevpevneniya in sobі, anxious; he may experience neurotic discord.

In temperament there is such power, like strife, emotion, impulsiveness and anxiety.

In a pure looking person, the type and temperament tend to grow even more rarely, the shards of different powers of the nervous system of a person in their different days signify a large number of industrial types. In this manner, when analyzing individual psychological characteristics of special characteristics, it is necessary to establish steps to override other characteristics of traditional temperament types.

2. Character

Character is the sum total of strong individual-psychological authorities, which are manifested in life, the behavior of people at the sight of being set up to alienating people, to oneself, to the right, other conditions of the butt. Character is formed, as a rule, step by step in the process of recognition and practical activity.

Character is manifested in activity, splintering, in the manner of a person's behavior. In some, the subject’s attitude is manifested to the manifestations of a suspile-labor, special life in different situations, in some subjects it manifests itself as a specialty. Colors of blue form an individual style of behavior.

The character on the temperament of delusions, like the authorities of the nervous system, recessive officials, and ale wines, is also formed in the minds of an active social and cultural environment for people, to lie in the form of vihovannia, hromadas, international interests, in some of the vines of education and in some of them I take an active fate.

Іsnuyut raznі pіdhodi to the description, klasifіkatsії authorities, character characteristics. Mentally, they can be grouped in this way.

Rice, in some ways, the position of a person is elevated to other people (to relatives, close ones, known and unknown, to a special opposite position, to people who are placed in good spirits before her).

Figures, in which a person’s attitude is manifested to himself (to his social status, his dignity, his good health). The stench is closely intertwined with the peculiarities of character, like in the case of people.

Figures that turn the setting up to the right, work, service, professional activity (practicality, summancy, neatness, lazyness, lack of confidence). Tsі risi character inject authority, social prestige of a person. In that number, it is also necessary to see the nature of the figure, as if it were a challenge to discipline, the rule of law: diligence, punctuality.

Rice, for some people, they are set to speeches, material well-being (generosity, greed, greed, compassion of those others).

The greater number of doslednikіv see the structure of the molded character in front of two sides: change that form. The stench is not neviddilni one kind of one and become an organic unity. Instead of character, to become a life of directness of specialness, tobto. її material and spiritual needs, interests, ideals and social attitudes. The change in character is manifested in the sight of the singing, individually-original brethren, as if to speak about the vibrational activity of a person. In different forms of character, different ways are manifested, showing signs, temperament, fixed emotional and volitional peculiarities of behavior.

3. Zdіbnostі

The most important thing to look at is the individual-psychological features of the specialty, which ensure success in the activity, agility and ease of mastering them. The comforts can’t be brought to the knowledge, mind and beginners, what a person has, but the comforts will ensure their dressing, fixation and effective practical zastosuvannya. The success of the activity and the splintering is determined not by one, but by a system of various fluctuations, with which the stench can be mutually compensated. Іsnuє tsila low classification of zdіbnosti. Let's consider one of them, the most significant:

1) natural (otherwise, natural health is based on its own biological intellect, connected with inborn inclinations, which are formed on their basis, for the obviousness of elementary life awareness through the mechanisms of learning the type of mental-reflex connections);

2) specific human traits, which can be suspile-historical, and secure life and development in the social medium (the main and special features of intellectual traits, which are based on the core of my own, logic, practical art). Specific human habits in their line are divided into:

a) in general, how the success of a person is indicated in different types of activity and cooperation (rozumovі zdіbnostі, accuracy and subtlety of hands, etc.), and special, which indicate the success of a person in other types of activity and specialization of such a day, development (mathematical, technical, artistic and creative, athletic).

b) theoretically, which characterizes a person's silliness to an abstract-logical idea, and practical, which is at the basis of schilicity, to impossibly practical actions. Poednannya tsikh zdіbnosti vlastive less richly gifted people;

c) first, how to add to the success of the pedagogical influx, the acquisition of human knowledge, humility, learning, the formation of the features of specialness, that creativity, owing to the success of the created creations of material and spiritual culture, new ideas, insights, winemaking. The highest level of creative manifestations of specialness is called genius, and the highest level of specialness in singing activity (splitting) is called talent;

d) happiness up to intercourse, interchange with people, and at the same time, mova people as a result of intercourse, positive attitude and assessment of people, socio-psychological affinity to a different situation, getting into contact with different people, growing up to yourself, etc.

Zdіbnostі - not static, but dynamical illumination, їх molding and development vіdbuvaєєtsya in the process of organized activities and splіlkuvannya. The development of possibilities is being developed step by step. An important moment in children's age at the development of zdіbnosti is the complexity of one hour to the fullest of how many mutually complementary one of the zdіbnosti. We see such equal vibrances: reproductive, which secures the high vminnya to gain ready knowledge, discover the signs of activity and intercourse that have formed, and creative, that secure the creation of a new, original one. Ale slіd vrakhovuvati, scho reproductive rіven includes elements of creativity and navpak.

4. Feel that emotion

Experienced by a person of his position to the point where he robs himself or knows, to other people, to himself, call them feelings of that emotion.

Feel those emotions - mutually, but differently, manifestations of the emotional sphere of specialness. Emotions vvazhayut more simply, besperednє experience at a given moment, due to satisfaction and dissatisfaction needs. Viyavyayuchis as if on the subject of a superfluous sharpening, emotions are connected with cob lesions. First of all, it may be necessary to have an emotional nature, an uninterrupted reaction (fear, anger, joy) to some outward specialness.

Pochuttya - tse folded, lower emotions, postyne, setting specialty to the point that she knows and rob, to the object of her needs. It is almost characterized by the stamina and trivality that surmount the months and fates of the life of their subject. Feel free to classify for a change. It is customary to see it in such a way that it feels good: moral, intellectual and aesthetic.

Moral, chi moral, pochutya - tse pochutya, in some people the order of the people is manifested before the behavior of the buyers, impersonal of their own power. The stench is experienced by people at the link with the vicons, or the broken ones adopted by the support of the principles of morality, as they say, it’s tedious to take good and filthy, fair and unfair people in mutual relations.

Intellectuals seem to be blamed for the process of romatic activity and the connection with the cognitive processes. The stench vibrates and hangs the minds of the people to their thoughts, to the process of recognition, to success and failure, to the results of intellectual activity. To intellectual sensibilities one can hear cicacity, drunkenness, zdivuvannya, exuberance, unpretentiousness, doubtfulness, surprise, a sense of something new.

Aesthetically, one senses one feels at the connection with the spirits of objects, the manifestations and manifestations of the superfluous world and the appearance of the subject's attitude to the various facts of life and their manifestation in the art. In aesthetic feelings, people experience beauty and harmony (otherwise, navpaki, disharmony) in nature, in the windows of the art, in the windows for people.

4. Will

Will is a sign of regulation of a person's own behavior (activity and intercourse), due to the subordination of internal and external transitions. Tse - the building of a person, as it manifests itself in self-determination and self-regulation of their behavior and mental phenomena.

The main signs of a volitional act:

a) the report of the zusil before the vikonannya of the volitional act;

b) the presence of a well-thought-out plan for the implementation of a behavioral act;

c) the respect for such a behavioral act and the viability of uninterrupted satisfaction gained from the process as a result of the victorious act has been strengthened;

d) often using the will to direct not only to win over the furnishing, but also to help yourself.

The volitional regulation of behavior is characterized by the formation of optimal mobilization of the specialty required by the activity regime, the concentration of activity in the necessary direction.

The main psychological function of the will is to become stronger motivation and fully regulated on this basis. Tsim volovі dії vіdrіznyayutsya vіd impulsivnyh, tbto dіy, scho zdіysnyuyutsya by volition and lack of control svіdomistyu. On the RIVNI SPECISTIS OF A WOULD IN THE VIRAGENNIT IN THE SUCH POWERS OF THE WHAS (strap of non -chirred free zusille for reached the Mati), Napoleglivia (Madnnya people's mobilizuvati can be difficult for trivial Podolazni), Witrima (Minor Galmuvati, sneakers adopted) solution), energy and in. Tse - primary (basic) volitional special qualities, which signify more behavioral acts.

Іsnuyt i storinnі, scho develop in the ontogeny of pіznіshe, nіzh privnіnі, volovіy akostі: rіshuchіst (smartly accept and instill in life shvidkі, primed that firm decision), smilivіst special well-being), self-control (smart control of the sensitive side of one’s psyche and subordination of one’s behavior to the decision of the set goals), self-control. Qi as a bone should be looked at like a volov, and like a characterological one.

До третинних слід віднести вольові якості, що тісно пов'язані з моральними: відповідальність (якість, що характеризує особистість з точки зору виконання нею моральних вимог), дисциплінованість (свідоме підпорядкування своєї поведінки), принциповість (вірність певній ідеї в переконаннях і послідовне проведення цієї ideas in), obov'yazkovist (smart voluntarily put the wines of obov'yazki and vikonati їх). Up to the level of the group one can see the strength of will, the appearance of the people’s orders to practice: dilovity, initiative, organization, diligence, etc.

Volovі dії can be folded into plain and folded. In a simple volitional act, spontaneously to diy (motive) is transformed into the very diyu mayzhe automatically. In a folding volitional act, we transfer the appearance of the yogo heritage, ascertain the motives, make a decision, blame the name of the yogo zdiisniti, fold the plan of the yogo zdiisnennia just.

The development of the will of a man of injunctions:

a) from the transformation of mimic mental processes in quite a few;

b) giving people control over their behavior;

c) from the variations of oxen's special features;

d) because of this, that a person should be able to set before himself all the more important tasks and follow the Daedals in the distance of the goal, yak vymagayut significant oxen zusil stretching for a long time.

The molding of oxen's special qualities is possible from the first to the second and further - to the third. Lyudina, as if you could help yourself with that environment, if you could overcome destructive emotions and agility, you can use the path of training to strengthen your will and increase the range of your abilities.

List of literature.

1. Gamezo M.V., Domashenko I.O. Atlas of Psychology: Inform.-Method. Help for the course "Psychology of people": - M: Ped. Society of Russia, 1999. - 397 p.

2. Glukhanyuk N.S., Semenova S.L., Pecherkina A.A. Zagalna psikhologiya: Navchalny posіbnik dlya vishіv. M: Academic project; Yekaterinburg: Dilova kniga, 2005. 368 p.

3. Zejer E.F. Psychology of professional education: Navch. helper. - Yekaterinburg: View of the Urals. holding prof.-ped. un-tu, 2000. - 244 p.

4. Klimov E.A. Psychology of professional self-determination: Navch. help for universities. - R n / D: Phoenix, 1996. - 512 p.

5. Nemov R.S. Psychology: Navch. for stud. vishch. ped. navch. mortgage At 3 books. 4th view. - M.: Humanit. view. Center VLADOS, 2002. - Book 1: Global foundations of psychology - 688 p.

6. Nemov R.S. Psychology: Navch. for stud. vishch. ped. navch. mortgage At 3 books. 4th view. - M.: Humanit. view. center VLADOS, 2002. - Book 2: Psychology of education - 496 p.

7. Petrovsky A.V., Yaroshevsky M.G. Psychology Education for universities. - M: Vidavnitstvo. Center "Academy", 2000. -512 p.

The youthful Vіtsі posterіgaєtsya belligerent developments of uѕіh pіznavalnyh protsessіv. The process of memorizing step by step is led to the point, to the installation of logical clues in the middle of the material, which is memorized, and the guessing is based on the inspired material for these clues (the so-called “logical” or “meaningful” memory). For whom the development of mechanical memory (for the mind and the daily routine of special training) is improved.
The youthful age is characterized by the interpenetration of the ideas of that movie. Young women and girls practice thought logically, engage in theoretical reflections and self-analysis, clearly and freely analyze moral, religious, political and other topics. It is easy for you to build up the work of shackled vysnovki on the basis of private settlements and, on the other hand, move on to private stalks on the basis of scorched settlements (inductive and deductive type of thought). The turbulent development of that formation of an abstract-logical mind is brought to the point where a young nation begins to dominate the need to operate with abstract categories, which are easy to conquer. One hour posterigaєtsya іntelektualіzаtsіya solving cognizance processes. This phenomenon, among young people, is more embossed, which is mindful of the specifics of gender (international) mentality. Quite often, the actualization of demand is manifested in the so-called. "Yunatskiy Filasofevanni" is characterized by the pranks Yunakiv to the Mudruvannya, "Filosofsky" to the Mirkvannyas on those good, relay, the bereriyas on the treasures of the ruling of the unwittingly fellow.
Fatery, in the early young vitz Activities of the ROSTICAL ROSTENT, Yunaki, I take it to the readers of the fantastic fantastic liTereturi, who is at the same time to be read an arrogant character, and Ida, often tortured by the author. Phenomenon is assigned to lie at the basis of what is often blamed on the youthful and juvenile people for factors that change the savage standard of speech. Young people often begin to show interest in meditative techniques, autogenic training, hypnosis, and also in drug speeches. The very reason for the osіb of this century is seen as the most sensitive to raznomanіtnyh negative infusions from the side of the representatives of religious sects, as well as the wearer of psychedelic culture (for example, osіb, yakі vzhivayut narcotic speech).
A development of letters and monologues, to read young women and girls to formulate thoughts, to pass on to the clerk for help rozpovidi their thoughts and feelings, their "picture of the world." Itself in tsomu vіtsі stinks, it is most likely to begin to write verses, to conduct a special worker only.
Burkhliva increase in knowledge and self-confidence to expand the sphere of the perceived and the destruction of knowledge about oneself, people and the necessary world. The sole of the cinema is the basic main vision: TI VIDA DIYLOSTI, Yaki wounded the role, set, grade, to take themselves to the Ziviti to another plan, vininka of Novynosti, Zmіnynynya, there is a pinches.
The growth of self-confidence, signifying the growth of the youthful age to alienated people and to themselves, the strengthening of the stage of their criticality and self-criticism, the advancement of the moral outlook and the moral qualities of their micro-reflection. Stop, especially the girls.
In self-assessment, individuals of a youthful age are more eager to talk about their shortcomings, less about honesty. And the girls and the youths show in themselves the ardor, rudeness, hisism. Among positive figures, such self-assessments are most often noted: “faithful to friendship”, “I don’t help friends”, “I help with bidi”, then those kindnesses come to the fore, as they are important for establishing contacts with fellows, , rudeness, egotism).
Looking back at the formation of self-confidence, gender-role differentiation is manifested, so that the differences in the forms of human and female behavior in young people and girls, in order to witness about the Swedish acquired by young people and girls, the state of social stereotypes of behavior.
The communicants, the young people and the girls are developing communicative abilities - it’s time to get in touch with unknown people, seek out their mutual understanding, achieve the set goals.
In the process of practice, their development will take away professional and special skills, tobto. Ide actively becoming quiet practical minds and beginners, like the future may need to improve their professional skills.
In the course of self-development, trying to grow up in a familiar world in oneself, people of the youthful age start looking for a sense of life in the light of their own life. Through the war, the stinks are formed like a reconciliation and look, and the svetoglyad - a look of light at the whole, the system is reconverted, like the people’s shutters turn to the light of that її main tsіnnіsnі orientation. Cognitive and special causes of the light-gazer ripen in the youthful youth. І від того наскільки цей процес буде благополучно протікати, залежить те, наскільки світогляд правильно і глибоко відображатиме об'єктивний світ, буде істинним чи хибним, науковим чи релігійним, матеріалістичним чи ідеалістичним, прогресивним чи реакційним, оптимістичним чи песимістичним, наскільки особистість зможе визначити свою social. orientation.
The high rіven of self-confidence spontaneously young women and girls systematize and articulate their knowledge to themselves, which, at their own pace, lead to self-significance through self-improvement. It remains to go through the low psychological transitions that dominate this century:

1. Pragnennya vyyavlyat volyovі zusilla at samovyovannі i vodno zavzhdne positivno stavlennja to concrete priyomіv samovyovannya, yakі recommend matured;

2. strangeness, spontaneity to the point of moral assessment of one’s specialness, to the side of the team and show pragnennia to the point of assessment, act in one’s own way (“Think about it, give it for the sake of it, I myself know how to do it”);

3. exaltation of the ideal and importance of the great, the most important right, and unscrupulousness of the small, insignificant;

4. pozhannya shaping stamina, vytrimka, self-control, and those at once showing high school students childishness, impulsiveness in the behavior of promo, tendencies to overbіlshennya special grief, insignificant unacceptability.

in such a manner, central specialties newfound at the youthful vіtsі є: shaping the light-gazer; independence of judgment; promotion to the moral looking people; molding self-esteem; exercise to self-improvement.
In connection with this, that in the youthful group contacts, sing zmagalnist, struggle for the camp and authority, the order of the development of comradely vodnosin, the youthful age is characterized by a strained joke of friendship like viborchoy, mіtsnoї and glubokoїemotsiynosti.
Individuals of the youthful age are already kindly demarcating friendship and camaraderie. Friendly stosunki are characterized by great vibrancy and steadfastness to outrageous, situational factors. It remains to be explained by the big advances due to the century of stability and interest and advances, as well as the development of the intellect, in the wake of which the building of the child is being promoted, integrating super-intelligent information, putting the green light in the background. For the same reasons, in the sphere of inter-special variances, young women and girls are richly tolerant and plastic in pairs with persons of a young age.
Friendship is a form of emotional favoritism. It is real chi to be on the verge of special closeness for her is important, lower consistency of subject interests. Being polyfunctional by its nature, youthful friendship is characterized by various forms: from a simple sum hour to a profound self-discovery.
The youthful friendship is like a first, independently shaped by a deeply individual whimsicality, not only conveying love, but often including it in itself. At the same time, in the її structure, the dominance of the need is for the self, uncompromising, hot to the point of reckless self-disclosure.
Emotional camp in the youthful country, on the vіdmіnu vіd pіdlіtkovogo, more vrіvnovazheny, but in yunakіv can be hypertrophied that deschko abstract dissatisfaction with life, with itself that otochyuchimi people. One of the main features of the youthful age, including the life of youth, lies in the recognition of one’s own individuality, originality and molding of the “image of I”. It should be noted that for the rest of the decade there was a destruction of self-confidence from 17-19 years to 23-25. At the same time, a young person can obviously know his own area of ​​successful self-assertion: sports, business, community activities, the sphere of intimate relationships. If you don’t see anything, then you will be threatened with nervousness, ailment, or else it will lead to a criminal life, de z'yavlyaetsya the possibility of self-assertion. The friendly camp of a young person in the middle of a normal development of yoga specialty. It is not to blame for the factual divergence between self-esteem and the assessment of a young person who is significant for the new people (reference group). In another turn, the new one may develop a pathological character pattern, which, possibly, may lead to deviant behavior. In youth, it may be easier for the skin to trap that right-handed friendship, like it is also to pour life into everything farther away.

Significant investment in the behavior of an irregular may Emphasis on character.

The main types of accentuations have already been redone more. Let's take a look at the report of skins from newcomers at the link with their physical features.

Asthenic type - a physically weak person with a physical development, ungrabness, weakly developed m'yazy kintsivok, quick growth. For an asthenic, it is characteristic to increase volume, drativity, wines to the fullest extent influencing the forces after physical rights. Shvidka zmina podіy negatively infuses the reaction, kmіtlivіst, criticality. Purposes of directing (if not to the ignominious interest) astenik can put as a mark and a child for the program, without regard for the importance of other rights. Vіn rotten adapts in extreme situations, trivally perebuvannya in podіbnіy obstanovtsі threatens with emotional vibes of the defensive nature, the emergence of a term pozbutisya podraznika (spіvrozmovnika). Drativity here is connected with the promotion of stubbornness. Astenik most often develops a vypadkovo rozvyazki conflict, go in oneself, zamikaetsya. Selfishness and lack of defense can provoke suicidal trials.

In the process of vihovannya asthenic it is necessary step by step to engage in physical work and sports. The teacher is guilty of remembrance that asthenics in nature are calm, shy to the point of selfishness, unruly, unsettled, doubtful about everything, distrustful of people, deeply experience deception, rightly so. Wealthy audiences, noise, conflicts, the need to make contact with unknown people, the ability to work independently can become a cause of stress. It is alarming, the fear of fighting for loved ones often causes asthenia to be mischievous for other thoughtless actions. A lawyer and a teacher need to remember that the asthenic is shy to the point of mirkuvan, demagogic speeches, respect for him is sounded, to that, all the information about those who trapilos was taken away, may be insignificant for obligatory. Mova in asteniki is characterized by the accuracy of viraziv, conciseness, stinginess of wording. Like asthenics, they hesitate, they want to promote or get lost.

Hyperthymnia type - a physically separated person. That kind of supporters of this type give priority to physical education lessons, playing sports. Responsible for the organization of similar occupations. The mood at hypertimia often changes, moreover, it overrides the development of the emotional state, which is characterized by active intercourse. Die and vchinki lie in the mood. Pіdlіtki gipertymnogo warehouse pragnate zavdannya (for example, lessons) in the presence of fathers or friends, podkreslyuyuchi their ability, erudition, breadth of knowledge. They are awakened by weakened self-criticism and advanced arrogance, they become cold, superficial, neobov'yazkovy. Hyperthmias often create creative vibes. The stench of comrades, they are merry vdacha, they can make fire with important things for themselves. Diloviti, in folding and important situations, do not get ruined, do not fall into vіdchai. They take on a lot of rights, but, unfortunately, don’t be afraid to bring them to the end. In unknown circumstances, they adapt quickly. However, the activity of others is ostentatious, for an hour such a rank of stink ensnares its negative vibes.

Hypertim, as a rule, is the leader. Podlitok takes a leading position among the same-litk, tries to promote more democracy, opposes rich food less on the equal compromise, but at the same time suvoro stalks for the equal of his authority among the collective. The lawyer should be reminded that they can direct their creative talents at the anti-community vchinki, become addicts of illegal actions, evil-doers. Irrespective of the insignificant concentration of respect, the hypertimum is remembered richly, but unsystematically that overhead. Yoga language is characterized by swidkistyu and improvisation. As soon as the mood changes in the case of depression, then the language becomes super-smart and illogical.

Emotionally unstable the type resounds with insipidity and intolerance, lack of curing. Podlitki of this type are impulsive, showing both positive and negative emotions in an extreme form. Compromises in conflicts are not recognized. Not to like tribal, smoky robots, they are being treated by the food organization of activity. It is important to spend more time in gambling games, to get used to drinking alcohol, intoxicating speech. As a rule, such pidlіki - tse vihіdtsі z dysfunctional families. Language in them is disoriented, illogical. In times of great stressful shocks, self-control can be exercised. They try to start a dialogue, to exchange thoughts.

Epileptoids indulge in sports, chase after your physical development, stench already early in the state of maturity. Over-enthusiasm for an hour can bring them to a viciously tedious, downcast mood with over-the-top drativity (dysphoria). Drativity accumulates and can be realized in an affective vibe, so that someone is evil. Vibuh can stand in the presence of any mischief, resurrecting not only with great strength, but with trivality. The straining regulator of the behavior of the epileptoidal child is hope, or rather, the impossibility of implementation. In order to reach its own goal, the child becomes ruthless to a weak opponent, intransigent and zhorstok. Enileptoid type always feels like a leader, setting the rules of conduct, vigilant youma.

Representatives of this warehouse of character may be vitonchenu revenge and accessibility. The stinks look out for the malt, watch out for the torment of the enemy, and fearfully guard against the mustache of the unknown. Podlitki vіdrіznyayutsya pratsezdatnіstі and akuratnіstyu, it's already nasty to endure control and vtruchannya at your own right. Take on the right, as you can bring singing success, and be afraid of failures, pardons, misses at the robot. It is necessary to remember that epileptoids become cheerful, crumbling, active in a strange environment for themselves, and at the same time, leaning against the background, become strimanim and not rich.

hysteroid The type of special respect attaches its own specialty, it doesn’t matter, it’s true. With all their behavior, with tricks, they try to turn their respect to themselves. However, there are no faults, the attachments of the surface are not glib, everything is risked for effect, for the sake of which deceit, flattery, and provocative situations are created. The hysteroid can be put forward to the bagan mark (for example, to the extravagant completion of such a sunset). As soon as the necessary result is reached, the interest to a new one is known. Pіdlіtok vyborchiy y splkuvanni. Stretching mostly to quiet, who deserves a wine. Yogo tsіkavlyat yaskravі objects, unknown information.

The hysterical type of building "vidality" from the memory of the mind, like you know, or not. Hysteroids often shy away from thoughtless vchinki, zdatnі lead a subversive group, proving untruthful information with an innocent viraz of disguise. A teacher or a lawyer does not reveal the evidence of a summation, a speech or a feeling, to that a lie for a hysteroid at the moment of spitting out the meaning of the truth. There are signs of waving. Take care of the hour with a reasonable, logical approach in the analysis of the situation. The hysteroid throws itself at the hoaxer, as if wondering what to do with him unfairly, to slander. Physical violence is turned off, but screaming, likes, hysterics are enough.

Follow the voice that the hysteroid feels sorry for, especially if you can effectively play on whom. The hysteroid quickly attaches itself to the situation that has developed, brings it to the situation that has changed unfailingly, puts it calmly. Vіn zavzhdi vіdchuvaє naymenshі vagannya іn the mood of the svіvrozmovnik and predict yоgo mоzhlіvu behavior. May be highly self-motivated and schilnist to suicidal demonstrations. Suicidal attempts can be furnished with careless deeds, accompanied by farewell notes, "hidden" knowledge of those others.

Teachers and lawyers are guilty of remembrance, which are hysterical until they break the law: Shahraystva, documents documents, stealing, cheating, such stinks were taken into trust.

Labile The type is characterized by an unstable mood, as it changes more often and superficially sharply under the influx of insignificant chi useless drives. With a sharp comrade's podlet, generously sensitive, even attached to people who are close to you in spirit. Vvazha for better friendship with timi, who are ready to give you spiritual and material help, defend for real troubles and injustice. In an unfriendly environment in a similar pragmatic drink at home, according to the pull to grouping with one-year-olds, there are few schiles. It hurts to spend until you spend trusting your loved ones, relatives, or completely separation from them. Peace of mind is taken away from those close to you, from your associates, from your right, interests, when you move up to your problems and turbot.

schizoid (introversion) the type is reminiscent of isolation, zanurenistyu in the world of distant views of the real life of thoughts, ideas, images, pulls. The child of the schizoic type does not establish close contacts with his peers, the shards are not built to guess the thoughts, the comfort of that experience of others, to get someone else's famously. Vіn boisterously reacts to all attempts to intrude on the inner world of his hoarding, interests, bazhan and aspirations.

Closing and vіdgorodzhenіst complicate the contact. Alcohol and narcotic drugs sometimes appear as "communicative doping", which makes it easier to establish contacts with one-liners. Schizoid bastards are free to inflict evil on their own.

Conformal The type is characterized by fast pleasing about those who dictate without middle ground. A special influx on the conformal type is given to the middle. A good polished nasty lad, but a filthy company stench can be drawn into group offenses. Representatives of this type do not try to change their way of life, "follow the flow", they have no power of initiative, courage, and principles. Appropriate conformity is not in opposition to the negative inflow, it is easy to beat them to the use of alcohol, drugs, and evil spirits.

As it has already been said, for a pure-looking type, accentuations are practically not accentuated, often one of them dominates.

How to designate the peculiarity of the accentuation to the nature of the litter, so that the process of interfacing with it will be competently carried out? Particular respect is given to cautions, conversations, experiments and so on. Meanness can bring test, successfully tested in different children's teams. The revealed sign, related to the accentuation of the character, helps the lawyer to more effectively practice with the subject, to reveal the peculiarities of the characteristics of the special character and the possible behavioral options. Of particular importance is the possibility of catching sublingual accents in deviant behavior.

The family's unfortunate and stormy misfortunes are irritating to compensate for the emotional dissatisfaction of the comrade groups. A group of inconsequential roles in the criminalization of special criminality. As a result of such a splintering, the stinks get closer, knowing one in one, that mindfulness. Pіdlіtki zvikayut to group dozvіllya and do not try to get out of it.

A deviant (criminogenic) group is constantly embedding itself on its members. In the first place, the group is the most important molding base, having looked at those installations for the installation. In a different way, it is not necessary to rob an incompetent strong psychological influx and zmushu dyati with a singing rank, including illegal ones. Thirdly, the group blunts, erases at the foot the least amount of pressure to lean on the vise and demonstrate a little wetness. Fourthly, the basis of the mutually deviant group and the pidlіtka to establish the mechanisms of defense, yakі znіmayut social control, yogo bar'erna and galmuyucha diyu. By the way, the group forms the appearance of such a psychological mechanism, like inheritance. As a matter of fact, it will reduce the fear of the possible karny punishments among the fools. Possibly, it forms the motivation for antisocial behavior.

The core of the deviant behavior is to serve as social inequality, tobto. rubbing between needs (values, aspirations) and the possibilities of their satisfaction. For example, an unsatisfied need for self-denying can lead to the destruction of violent mischief, the implantation of alcohol and narcotic speeches.

Spontaneous street companies are trying to neutralize, reorientate and reorientate. Zahalnovіdomo, scho neobov'yazkovo chilny to zvnіshnіh negative influxes. Vіn can actively repair opіr, fight with them, rіshuche vіdkidatі і not priymati. Well, it’s good that with negative minds it has sprung up the development of positive rice in particular.

Most of the evils, which are not full-time, may have a century-old specificity. Mabut, the most convenient age is 14–16 years, if the juveniles do not fall into the category of children, even if they become mature. Psychologists and lawyers are aware that this century is characterized by numerical behavioral reactions:

• reaction of the opposition (entering the house, bravoiruvannya aggressive behavior by growing up to grown-ups, sleeping in a camp that іn.);
• imitation reaction (inheritance of a singing individual, the name "malicious recidivist");
• compensation reaction - Reinforcement of failures with success in other types of work (absenteeism at school is compensated by good behavior in the company of pupils);
• emancipation reaction - pragnennya zvіlnitisya vіd opіki elders, self-denial;
• group reaction - joint pidlіtkіv at the group, pragnennya odnіtkіv vvynyat spіlnі dії, zokrema right-handedness;
• occlusion reaction - manifests itself in adult hobbies: style in odeas, music, trival rozmovi bіla pіd'izdіv, physical perfection, gambling thinly.

Behavioral reactions to avoid the effects of the opposite actions.

Legal damages are being grounded on self-denial, inherited by criminal authorities, beshketuvannya, exaltation of mittevu vigoda, hellish comradeship, relocation of bazhannya over the resurrections of those others.

The system of minor offenses, faults, faults is recognized as a delinquent behavior. The causal factor is pedagogical zanedbaniste, psychological anomalies, unfavorable family development, unfriendly micro-medium development, moral wadi and others.

In the case of a wicked person, the form of a malicious behavior can be beaten up in an hour. Vodnochas mid-incomplete є individuals with a strong anti-communal directives.

The most important way to fight against incompetent law-breakers is to professionally organize the process of preventing malicious manifestations and in due course the manifestation of evil-doing grouping.