The lute revolution took place without the active participation of the bilshoviks. There were few people at the lavas of the party, and the leaders of the party, Lenin and Trotsky, were over the cordon. Lyon arrived at the rebellious Russia on April 3, 1917. We have correctly grasped the basic principles, behind which the scenario will be developed. Lenin miraculously understood that the Timchas' order was not in a position to strimatize obіtsyanki to end the war and distribute the land. Tse, in the shortest terms, is not enough to raise people to a new stab. The Zhovtnev revolution of 1917 moved to the stage of preparation.
Until the end of the sickness of 1917, a situation arose near the country, if the people had consumed the faith in Timchas's order. There were active demonstrations against the Order at the localities. Growing up trust the people to bіshovikіv zrostalo. Lenin gave the Russians simplicity. Forgive the theses of the bіshovikіv misplaced those points, like people wanted to bachiti. Paraffia Bilshovikiv to vlady zdavavsya todі velmi imovіrnim. Tse knowing and Kerensky, who with strength resisted Lenin.
Bilshoviks came to power
The RSDLP(b), as the party of the Bolsheviks was called, actively began to expand its lava. People enthusiastically joined the party, as if they promised to put things in order in the country and distribute land to the people. On the cob of the fierce, the number of the party of the RSDLP (b) did not exceed 24 thousand people throughout the country. Until spring, the number was already 350 thousand people. In the spring of 1917, new choices were made for the sake of Petrograd, for the sake of which representatives of the RSDLP (b) took away more. Radu herself was choked by L.D. Trotsky.
In the country, the popularity of the Bolsheviks grew, and now the party was adored by the people's love. Calling Bulo is not possible, Lenin vyrishiv zaredit power in his hands. July 10, 1917 V.I. Lenin held a meeting of the Central Committee of his party. In the order of the day, there was more than one food, the possibility of a scuttling insurrectionary that hoarded power. 10 votes out of 12 voted for the slaughter of the vlady. The opponents of this idea were only Zinov'ev G.Є. that Kamenev L.B.
On July 12, 1917, a new body was created for the Petrograd Radiation, which took the name of the All-Russian Revolutionary Committee. The Zhovtnev revolution of 1917 was completely broken up by this organ.
The fight for the coming of the Bilshoviks to power approached the active stage. On October 22, the revolutionary committee directs its representatives to all the garrison of the Petropavlovsk Fortress. Tribunes were placed all over the place, from which the best promoters of the Belarusians spoke.
Timchasovy order, bachachi is a clear threat from the side of the Belarusians, for the help of the police, they closed the drukarnya, yak drukuvala all the bilshovitskaya drukovanu production. The Revolutionary Committee navіv usі poddrozdili Garnіzon in combat readiness. On the night of the 24th of Zhovtny, the Zhovtnev revolution of 1917 broke out. In one night, the Belarusians sacked the whole place. Leaning less on the Winter Palace, but capitulating on the 26th of July. The Zhovtnev revolution of 1917 turned crooked. People who lived here themselves recognized the power of the bilshoviks. Zagalni vtrati povstalikh became less than 6 osib. In such a way, the arrival of the bilshoviks to power.
Without a doubt, the Zhovtnev revolution of 1917 was the fate of the continuation of the lute revolution, but with a low change. The Lute Revolution was more important than its spontaneous one, just as the Zhovtnev Revolution was well planned. The change of the political regime and the coming of the Bilshoviks to the vlady were hit by the international authority of the country. At the edge of the bula "destruction". It was necessary for the new government, in a short term, to vindicate all those who were destroyed as a result of the revolution.
We have already designated that the turns of the party are closely tied to the Jews. The first Marxist groups among the assistants in the history of the CPRS are called "Fortified Works" (created in 1883 by the initiatives of L. Deutsch, G.V. Plekhanov and P.B. Yu. O. Martovim-Zederbaum and V. I. Ulyanov-Lenin). And then there were groups of theorists. Well, the first “greatest and most established working socialist organization of the life of Tsarist Russia of the past and the beginning of our century” was founded in 1897 by an Israeli author.
The first star of the Russian Social-Democratic Labor Party (RSDLP) was held in 1898 in Minsk on the basis of the Bund, which led to the RSDLP on special rights of autonomy, although it outnumbered the RSDLP from a lot of times. There were nine delegates to the 1st party: A. Vannovsky, N. Vigdorchik, Sh. Katz, A. Kremer, A. Mutnik, K. Petrusevich, S. Radchenko, P. Tuchapsky and B. Eidelman; Kremer, Eidelman and Radchenko were taken from the Central Committee of the RSDLP.
The leaders of the RSDLP began to rout the socialists-narodniks (their founder is A.I. Herzen, in the emigration he is more serious and critical of the zakhidniks). Lenin, seeing the Narodniks’ stake on Russian communal traditions and non-capitalist path to development, calling out the natomy to spire on what the proletariat will be born by the backward capitalism of the denationalization of the proletariat as the very revolutionary force, as “nothing to spend, krіm”. Later, after populist socialism, with deaky Russian-peasant rice, the creation of the RSDLP marked a new stage of socialist development - internationalistic, with an orientation towards the backward negative Marxism.
At the stake on the proletariat, the head of the RSDLP was formed in the years 1901-1902 (leaders: M.A. Natanson, E.K. Breshko-Breshkovska, V.M. Chernov, M. R. .Gots, G.A. Gershuni). The stench made peasantry the main revolutionary class, but, on the authority of the populists, the Russian rice in the Eseriev was already important; Eseri "practiced" from the peasantry less than the fact that it was the main mass of the population. The most eseri became famous on the other side of the earth: their combat organization, yak committed impersonal terrorist attacks (її kerіvniki were: from 1901 Gershun, from 1903 - E.F. Azef, from 1908 - B.V. Savinkov).
Another party of the RSDLP in 1903, in Brussels and London, split the party into two factions: the "Bolshoviks" and the "Menshoviks", although these names did not reflect the numbers of those and the others. The same way the Bund was revived, vikonavshi its role as a midwife (which, vtіm, did not particularly change the number of Jews among the social democrats: on the eve of 1907 more than half of the delegates became more than half of the delegates). The menshoviks were oriented towards Ege's retrograde "revisionism". Bernstein and wanted to lead the way to socialism by way of step-by-step transformations among the liberal bourgeoisie. The Bolsheviks asserted that socialism could be encouraged only after the revolutionary establishment of the "dictatorship of the proletariat." Lenin is already at the robot "What work?" (1902) stating: "Give us an organization of revolutionaries - and we will turn Russia over!" .
This is how the "party of a new type" was created, as if trying to find its mark in the "first revolution" of 1905. That revolution did not reach the point, but rather exposed the big methods, the main one was vikoristannya zovnіshnyoї vyyni to strike their own land. Everything began after the attack of Japan on Russia; Schiff and Japan (on Schiff's credits) received pennies and money from various revolutionary groups, from the Jewish "self-defense groups" to the Bolsheviks. Lenin, declaring that on the right to fight for socialism, “it’s too hard to lie in the face of the military defeats of autocracy” and directly calling out to such diy: “Drive in spies, police officers, gendarmes, vibukh policemen’s dilnits, svilnenny zaareshtovannyh, vіybrannya ryadovyh koshtіv ... ".
“Expropriations” (million sums) were called “expropriations” by the bilshoviks with the way of plundering banks and postal carriages. Tsya diyalnistst bula was widely roared in 1906–1907 by L.B. Beautiful under the sight of Lenin. The most important reports were on the banking of the Sovereign Bank in Helsingfors in 1906 and Tiflis in 1907 (during which dozens of people were beaten). When trying to exchange the looted pennies in 1908 at Berlin, Munich, Stockholm and Zurich, the agents of the bilshoviks, the secretary of Paris M.M. were arrested. Litvinov-Vallah (the future people's commissar for foreign affairs). Prote the French were moved to see the yoga of Russia and hung less ...
The Bolsheviks took pennies from the "progressive bourgeoisie", as if clearing the way for the "progressive government". In addition, in the house of A.M. Kalmikova (she gave pennies for seeing "Iskri"); young millionaire M.I. Tereshchenko (for the time being a member of the Timoshovsky order); N.P. Schmidt, a wealthy young man, having consumed the spell of the actress Andreeva, Gorky's sleeper, commanded the Belarusians about 280,000 rubles - and put his hands on himself (for the sake of ending the fall of Lenin, having punished the two Belarusians to call the Shmіdtіvаtіvskі sisters). Factory Z. Morozov BRAVI FATHATE IN FINANSUVENІ REVOLUTSIA 1905 ROCA, POTIM VIIVYAHAV ZARUDIZHNYY KRAYA І IS TEZHNICH CHITING, YAKA CASE DISTRIVELY SOCIAL-DEMOCRATISIA PARTY ... BRAKH THE MOCINE DIRECTLY LINIMA, EXECUTIVE IN EMIRGSIA; 1914 fate Lenin took pennies from the Russian Masons P.P. Ryabushinsky, having seen the newspaper "Ranok Rosії", that craft of A.I. Konovalov, a possible member of the Timchas order.
One of the main ruinous directives of the Belarusian propaganda was the promotion of national nutrition for the kshtalt of "people of the people". Lenin, in many articles, affirmed that “the social democrats are guilty of all their propaganda to impinge on the rights of all nationalities to establish a great power” - this point of the program is “absolutely necessary” (Cherven 1913). Evidently, his Lenin did not call out the rozkvit of these nationalities themselves, because the final method of Marxism was "angering all nations." The desire for separatism was necessary for the ruination of the Russian monarchy: “Such a line of speeches to put to the proletariat of Russia ... a two-sided task”: the struggle for self-development of nationalities is also necessary, and self-improvement", lyuty-traven 1914).
Firstly: “The slogan of national culture is bourgeois (and often Black Hundred-clerical) deceit... Can a Great Russian Marxist accept the extinction of national, Great Russian culture? Ni... Our right is to fight against panivnoy, Black Hundreds and bourgeois national culture of the Great Russians" ("Critical Notes on National Nutrition", 1913).
From the beginning of the Holy War, the rich social-democratic parties of Europe "changed the principle of proletarian internationalism", speaking on the support of the ruling elite (against the dominance at the Stuttgart Congress of the II International in 1907). International broke up. And in Russia, most of the socialists were afraid to take a striking position; Lenin Nazivaє Ta Yoy Zradniki, stranching: "Social-Democratії Rosії рос Divanny, Social-Democratії RosIni, Nen Snowned І Mozhikorni-Tsarsko-monarchy sovіnіsm і sofіstichi-monarchy Rosiysky Lіberals, Cadets, partial parties from the bourgeois. .. The least evil would be the defeat of the tsarist monarchy and the її viysk” (“Zavdannya revolutionary social democracy in the European war”, 1914). Lenin declares that the same party cannot be moved in the face of the shock of that situation, that it can be a Vikoristan enemy - "another great power in її ... imperialist purposes."
Lenin's voice went out: "The transformation of the imperialist war into Gromadyanskaya." Prote raznitskiys went out of the bіshovikіv, with the patriotism of the Russian suspіlstva, they killed their absolutely unacceptable party. The big leaders appeared some on the emigration, some on the migrants, rows of them sank. At the same time, the Menshoviks were left "afloat", discrediting "tsarism" from the Duma tribune and spivpratsiyuchi with the possible fierce at the Viysk Industrial Committees. In this way, not confirming the truth of the BSE’s assertion about the Lutnev revolution, that “the proletariat was cherished by the Bilshoviks, victorious for the world, bread and freedom, raising a larger army behind them, which was formed from workers and villagers, and throwing off the autocracy.”
The party of the Bolsheviks did not take part in the Lute Revolution and instead passed it on. In the spring of 1917, Lenin’s public statement was made in Switzerland, that it’s not enough to survive until the revolution, but it’s better to indulge the youth ... Anglo-French imperialists". The second communist leader, G. Zinov, wrote in 1923 that the Bolshevik party “did not play a dominant role in the Lutnev revolution, that one could not win, because the robotic class was just like a defensive one ...”.
And in the wake of the fierce head supernik of the bourgeois Timchas order, it was not the Bolsheviks, but the Petrograd Rada of Workers and Soldiers' Deputies, which was controlled by the Socialist-Revolutionaries and the Menshoviks (the head was the head of the Duma faction of the Menshoviks N.S. Chkheidze, the defenders were the Socialist-Revolutionary A.F. .). I. Skobelev). Behind the words of Tirkova-Williams, Rada bula "illegal synom" tієї zh Dumi. Offended by the structures of power, the bourgeois and the socialist, were stunned by the persons of the same stake, tied through the Masonic lodges. That is why, on the cob of grass, before the Timchasov order, six ministers-socialists were introduced with nine non-socialists, which were left out, from the first warehouse.
Out of 1,500 deputies for the Radi (the Eseri and Menshoviks were overwhelmed), only about 30 were Bilshoviks. Bilshovitsky inflow at the Radas, having grown older, in the world, like the Timchasovy order, having expended strength, and the big leaders turned from the emigration that slander, why the Timchasovy order did not pereskodzhav.
On April 3/16, 1917, Lenin arrived in Russia, which was with emigrants from 1900 (and only 1905 was the year of the tyzhniv provinces in Russia). Vіn seamlessly passed with his group from Switzerland through Nіmechchina (the territory of the military opponent!) in special extraterritorial wagons. Timchasovy order vdav, that there is nothing nasty in it, wanting to think Lenin was in the house.
Earlier, on the 21st of March/3rd of April, in Canadian Halifax, Trotsky was stranded, who sailed to Russia on a steamboat from the USA as well as from a group of his revolutionaries and Wall Street financiers. The Canadian services suspected him as a person, as a pratsyuє on the military opponent - Nimechchina. However, with the help of his high patrons (they were given an American passport ahead of time) Trotsky sent a letter and arrived in Russia in early days.
Lenin knew the Russian language, even more suitable for his own purposes: Hurry up with freedom ... to launch the Third International ". In the minds of the lack of freedom, with a weak order of guilt, you start energetically building up your organization, enticing members of other socialist parties. Ale, while the powerful party was weak, Lenin was needed for the sake of workers and soldiers' deputies. At the famous quotes of the wines, I will say: "Any support for Timchas' order", "All power to the Radam!"
Timchasovy order saved fidelity to the western allies, yakі supported the Lutnev revolution. It uttered the propositions of Berlin that Sunday about a separate world and called out the people to the "remaining victims". It made sense, because the defeat of Nimechchina and the Austro-Ugric region was inevitable, and the departure from the war meant that Russia did not take away the allies from the city: channels.
Most of the members of the Petrogradskaya Radi spoke for peace "without annexations and indemnities." The great ruinous role of the army was played by "Mandate No. 1" on the 1st of June, which introduced elective soldiers' committees, whose punishments took precedence over the orders of officers. The initiators of this order later recognized that they had built up their witness, to expand the army, because it was the only patriotic force, the building under the army of officers-monarchists, to take power from their own hands and turn back the "achievement of the revolution." Timchasovy ryad also occupied with the cleansing of the army, recruiting officers-monarchists and promoting them to the ranks of the loyal.
Less than Lenin continued to visibly fade away, stverzhuyuchi, that defense is "a blessing to international socialism." Bilshovitsky druk, shouting to brotherhood at the front, with such leaflets and Germans from his side threw Russian trenches.
The failure at the black Russian offensive, which had been preparing for a long time, was natural: having broken through the Austrian front on a wide range, the Russian troops miraculously turned around and began to hold protests for food, which may stench the right to invade foreign land. Rallies under the gaslights "Light without annexations and contributions!" turned into a bro with an opponent and desertion. Tim for an hour is an opponent of pidtyag podkrіplenya and liquidated break through.
Nezabar soldiers and sailors already themselves rob their commanders of armies and fleets, increasing desertion. Massacre the pomishchitsky gardens to multiply, to which the Bolsheviks innocently cry out, pragmatically turn the war on Gromadyanskaya. "Plunder the loot!" - succinctly know Lenin and the moral, and criminal problem ... (Piznіshe vіn say: “It was especially extinguished here:“ the hornbeam was robbed ”, - it was extinguished, in a way, as I’m not surprised at anything, I can’t know what’s wrong ... As we live the words: "expropriation of expropriators", then why can't we do without Latin words? .)
The Russian correspondent of the French socialist newspaper "Humanite" described the traces of this call: Everything ended and ended with crooked little things for an hour, I opened a vidobutka.
Suddenly, even though the monarchy was already toppled, Lenin everywhere wanted separatism, as if he had relaxed the central government: What's bad here? Whoever I say, that chauvinist. That and in Russia "the party has a wide regional autonomy, it burns down at a glance, it expresses the obligatory sovereign movement and the appointment between self-regulated and autonomous regions ..." (travenal 1917).
To deyak people to instill in Lenin's honed similar calls to the division of the territory of the state and the division of the army in the minds of the war, to the division of the creatures of the instincts of such class hatred, were considered unsafe and foolish. “Ale Lenin, knowing that he was timid,” an eyewitness, philosopher F. Stepun, guessing: Lenin’s exclamations “were not bad, the shards of the stench were ... windowpanes for capturing the divine whirlwinds of the revolution.” On these windows, the bіshoviki went to power, not calling on the terrible price of devastation and quickly increasing their pre-eminence over the Timchas' order, which they used the tools of administration.
Dissatisfied with the spіvpraceyu Rada z Timchasov order Lenin already at the red on the I All-Russian Z'їzdі Rada declares the readiness of the bіlshovikіv to take power ("This is the party!"); in the linden, the bilshoviki are trying to control the rebellion. I am glad to stand on the beat of the Timoshovy order, which arreshti virishuetsya close the headquarters of the Bilshoviks near the Kshesinsky palace, which they have suffocated. Lenin and Zinov'єv, vikritі rozvіdkoy in otrimanni pennies from Nіmechchini, call the price of the new "right Beilis" and rush in the flow . .
The Prote Timchasovy order is afraid that the investigation can reveal the facts of financing them and the penny and the Lute Revolution (tsar byznav Miliukov), and the revolutionary activity of the rocky eserivs (which now have gone to the warehouse of the Timchasovyyad). Therefore, calls are made against the bіlshovikіv znіmaєєy, zvіlnyаyut zareshtovannyh, pіddayut їkhnіm vnіvuvacham (zvіlnâyâyut Minister of Justice), and navіt corrals of the Chervonoy guards do not know razbroennya.
Kerensky was even more aggravated by the new Supreme Commander Kornilov's attempt to put strength against chaos. By the birch tree in the blindly blinded wines, having zaplyamuvannym to yourself to arrest the Tsar’s family, and on the 27th of the sickle, having stepped up for the sake of “the protection of Great Russia ... I respect that huskies for the better to die on the field of honor, so as not to bachit shattering and rubbish of the Russian land.” Kornilov for housekeeping from Kerensky directs the corps of General Krimov to the capital. Prote Kerensky greeted Kornilov, stunned him with a stalker and took him down at once with other generals. Krimiv lays hands on himself. Moreover, the "Kornilivschi" of the Timchas and the Petrograd Rada organize jointly with the Bolsheviks, who themselves rehabilitate their large-scale ringing. As if blatantly on the reactionary-restoration troubles of the "Kornilivshchyna", on the 1st of May Kerensky, without hesitantly calling out the Constituent Assembly, slandered Russia with a republic, which was, obviously, an illegitimate act to follow behind the lute worlds of legality.
Until the beginning of spring, the bіshoviki first win more from Petrograd, and then from Moscow Radi. Lenin, who loves Finland, write the articles "The Bolsheviks are guilty of taking power" and "Marxism and the rebellion." But most of the members of the Central Committee of the party are not yet ready for the rebellion, because the fighting mood of the masses is nowhere to be feared. Superchki continue until the middle of the zhovtnya.
Tim, with a new head for the sake of Trotsky, the preparation of the insurrection on the basis of the created Viysk-Revolutionary Committee (VRK) was already started - under the sight of the defender of the future II Z'izdu Rad of provocations. Lenin wanted to time the coup before Z'izd, which would have sanctioned the new, greater power. That's why I've sprung up on the coup until this very day.
"The whole work of the practical organization of the rebellion took place under Trotsky's uninterrupted cursing," Stalin wrote in Pravda at the link with the coup d'état. (Before, having occupied power in the party, Stalin called himself the leader of the rebellion; after all, he had to ascribe the "cult of the individual" to Lenin ...) In the capital, there were only a few thousand soldiers-Bilshoviks, but there were no posters of rank-and-file troops on the streets. With forces from 24 to 25 of Zhovtnya, railway stations, bridges, telegraph, power stations, etc. were occupied. guessing N. Sukhanov (Gimmer).
Lenin with majestic charms appeared at Smolny on the 24th evening of the evening, the day before the 2nd Z'izd Rad. On the 25th, it was announced about the removal of the Timchasov order and the transfer of power to the hands of the Petrogradskaya Radi. Truthfully, having sat at the Winter Palace in a row - and Lenin, too late, leaned on Yogo Areshti. Prote did not need the famous "Zimovoy storm": after the shelling, the head of the defense of the palace pinned the opir. (For the documentary filming of the "storming of the Winter Palace" one often sees footage from the feature film of Eisenstein with effective performances under the onslaught of the attacked attack ...) At the hour of the assault, six people perished. On the 2nd year of the night of the 26th of July, a member of the Military Revolutionary Committee Antonov-Ovsienko zaareshtovuy Timchasovy ryad and laying yoga to the Peter and Paul Fortress. Kerensky ahead of the day.
The Winter Palace is known for looting and vandalism: the Red Guards trample books and icons, draw eyes on the portraits of the Tsars, make bagnets and soft furniture from Italy at the vitals and shit on it, use porcelain, shout the "women's battalion" (creations). .. In the middle of the year, as described by Mayakovsky, for a favorable schedule, the rank trams were loudly sent - they didn’t know what to go already “for socialism” ...
Lenin triumphs, z'їzd denounces about the transition of power throughout the country to the Mistsevyh Rada and collects the supreme legislative body - the All-Russian Central Vikonavchiy Committee (VTsVK, 1937 turned into the Verkhovna Rada). Oskіlki menshoviki and "right" eseri, protesting against the storming of Zimovoe, withdrew the star, 62 bіshoviki, 30 left eserіv, 6 social democrats, 3 Ukrainian socialists went to the All-Russian Exhibition Center. VTsVK having formed the first Rada rank of bіshovikіv on choli z Leninim - Rada of People's Komіsarіv (RNA, 1946 was renamed to Rada of ministers).
Otzhe, the success of Lenin’s bet on the rebellion’s slaughterhouse, the possibility of no one having believed it, you can explain, on the one hand, Tim, that the Timchasovy order itself has spent power. Behind the Vistula, "the Bolsheviks took the power that was lying on the streets."
How else can you explain the phenomenal growth of the Bilshovik Party in the whole country? Fiercely to Zhovtnya її the number of people from 5000 people grows up to 350 000 There are about 50 newspapers to come out. And how did Lenin get away to solidify his infusion from the party, regardless of those that the majority of the Central Committee did not support Lenin’s quarterly theses with a course towards a socialist revolution (however before the front), no fantastic calls before the rebellion?
Radyansk historians explained the success of the lesser, that "Lenin was the most successful in his speech". Ale, the stench will zamovchuyut, that with whom Lenin maw at the disposal of greatness pennies from out of bounds dzherel. Mustache bіshovitskі structures were paid, moreover, the members of the Central Committee otrimuvali sumi, scho shcho 10-100 times to change the same dress of a Russian officer or a police officer.
Without these pennies, the growth of the Porazkovo party, and the power it swarmed by it, would be unacceptable. Zokrema, already on 16/29 Spring 1917, State Secretary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Nimechchini R. Külman said: Є all vkazіvki on those that the whole movement continues to grow.” And on 20 leaf fall / 3 breasts of wines, stating: “As long as the Bolsheviks took away from us the constant flow of pennies through various channels and under different names, they could stink their head organ Pravda, conduct energy propaganda and significantly expand the backbone of their small party.” .
Nіmtsі Nadali navіt Specific Relief in Zhovtnevyy perevorotі: pereodyagnenimi in matrosіv nіmetskimi ofіtserami (dvoє of them for tsogo pribuli to Petrograd in "plombovanomu" vagonі) stvorennyam zagonіv of nіmetskih vіyskovopolonenih for Zahist bіlshovitskogo insurrection that garantієyu scho not permit Kerenskomu vіysku for smothered insurrections . The axis was explained by the fanatical involvement of Lenin in the success of the coup! And it would be marvelous, yakbi Nіmechchina, having invested tens of millions of marks in Lenin, would not help you at the critical moment, using possible ways to seize power from Timchasov’s order, which continued the war against Nіmechchini.
We already said about the transfer of "German pennies": it was more important than the loans to the Germans of the Jewish banks in the USA. After Fiercely, the joint interests of the Jews and the Central Powers (Nimechchina and the Austro-Ugrian region) arose, the shards of the world behind the scenes planned to attack the monarchy with offensive victims. This is due to the direct financing of the Belarusians in the backstage of the world. Tobto, having thrown off the Orthodox monarchy for someone else's rahunok (for rahunok koshtіv, seen at the borg of Nіmechchini), now the svіtova behind the scenes has taken away the majestic income from bringing to the rule of the bіlshovitsky order, scho to produce ruin and ready to sell cheaply the wealth of Russia in exchange for a half.
Already in the year of 1917, a group of bankers arrived at Russia under the eyes of the American mission of the Red Cross, as if they were transferring a million dollars to the Bolsheviks. Tse is described in the work of E. Sutton. Might be, the financial support was daunting and the union between Lenin and Trotsky, which had arrived from the USA, was taken on the 6th star of the party (26 lines - 3 sickles).
At the same time, the Bolsheviks continued to "reach" and nimtsiv in mutual interests: to improve their own power, now they have supplied the Nimechchina with the necessary resources (we'll turn around until now).
In this manner, in the last month (before the burying of the government for її utrimannya), the bіshoviks financied like Nimechchina, and so did the bankers of Wall Street. And Kolya Nіmetka Dopampo to Kіntsya Lita 1918 Zapіnchilasya, Tajnna Pіdtrimka Bіlshovikіv Wall-Strait Bula Nivazhivіshuyu for ї і и и и и и и и иколов ина она на натильки и и и и карїние, колілки кариский линки как the biggest trophy of viysk, which be-if you know the world”(Viraz the director of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, W. B. Thompson, in a memorandum to the Prime Minister of Great Britain Lloyd George, December 1917) - and they fooled themselves into their own orders.
Some of the stars behind the scenes of light were created more often than not for an hour, but they were true to themselves: in 1921, Russian gold poured into the United States in such a stream that bankers did not grasp yoga certification.
With whom, the Wall Street bankers were not respected by those who immediately began to support the “Manifesto of the Communist Party” and sing the hymn, in which they were shortened: “All the world of violence we are destroying, we are helping.” More precisely, he would sleep with "violence we are ruminating" ...
Lenin (Ulyanov) Volodymyr Illich, eminent proletarian revolutionary and thinker, successor to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, organizer of the Communist Party of the Radyansk Union, founder of the Radyansk socialist state, teacher and leader of all working people.
Grandfather of Lenin - Mikola Vasilovich Ulyanov, krіpak from the Nizhny Novgorod province, lives for a year near metro Astrakhan, used to be a craftsman. Batko - Іllya Mikolayovich Ulyanov, after graduating from the Kazan University, he worked at the middle primary mortgages of Penzi and Nizhny Novgorod, and then as an inspector and director of public schools in the Simbirsk province. Mother Lenina - Maria Oleksandrivna Ulyanova (born Blank), the doctor's daughter, having obtained home lighting, made an external appointment to the rank of teacher; Wholeheartedly consecrated the care of children. The elder brother - Oleksandr Illich Ulyanov in 1887 fought for his part in the preparation of a swing against Tsar Oleksandr III. Sisters - Ganna Illivna Ulyanova-Yelizarova, Maria Illivna Ulyanova and the younger brother - Dmitro Illich Ulyanov became the leading playboys of the Communist Party.
In 1879-87 L. (Lenin) started studying at the Simbirsk gymnasium. The spirit of protest against the tsarist mode, social and national blasphemy, was thrown early in the new one. Advanced Russian literature, works by V. G. Belinsky, A. I. Herzen, N. A. Dobrolyubova, D. I. Pisareva and especially N. G. Chernishevsky adopted the molding of yoga revolutionary glances. From the elder brother L. I found out about Marxist literature. Having graduated from the gymnasium with a gold medal, L. entered the Kazan University, and in 1887, for his active participation in the revolutionary gathering of students, he was arrested, excluded from the university and hanging up to the village of Kokushkino, Kazan province. From this hour, L. dedicating his life to the right struggle against autocracy and capitalism, the right of the working people in the face of oppression and exploitation. At Zhovtni 1888 L. turned to Kazan. Here they joined up to one of the Marxist groups organized by N. Ye. Fedosievim, in which the works of K. Marx, F. Engels, G. V. Plekhanov were discussed. Pratsі Marx and Engels played a vital role in the molding of the light-gazer L. - in the staє perekonim Marxist.
In 1891, L. became an external student at the Faculty of Law at the St. Petersburg University and became the assistant to a trusted juror in Samara, where in 1889 the homeland of the Ulyanovsk family moved. Here they organized groups of Marxists, having established links between Poland and the revolutionary youth. city of the Volga region, speaking with abstracts directing against populism. Before the Samara period, lay down the first s robit, which were saved, L. - the article "New gospodar's revolutions in the village life."
Naprikintsі serpnya 1893 L. moved to St. Petersburg, de joining the Marxist group, members of such a boule S. I. Radchenko, P. K. Zaporozhets, G. M. Krzhizhanovsky et al. For legal purposes of revolutionary activity, L. was a robot assistant to a sworn attorney. Unbelievable faith in the worker class, great knowledge, deep understanding of Marxism, and zastosuvat yoga to the end of life, which the masses of the people praised, gained L. povaga to the St. Petersburg Marxists and made L. We establish links between Poland and leading workers (I. U. Babushkinim, U. A. Shelgunov and others), escorting work groups, explaining the need for the transition from Gurtkov's propaganda of Marxism to revolutionary agitation among the broad proletarian masses.
L. to the first of the Russian Marxists, having put the task of creating the party of the robotic class in Russia, as an unavoidable practical task, having stunned the struggle of the revolutionary social democrats for the її zdіysnennya. L. vvazhav, scho may be a proletarian party of a new type, as for its principles, forms and methods of activity in the new era - the era of imperialism and socialist revolution.
Adopting the central idea of Marxism about the historical mission of the robotic class - the burial ground for capitalism and the creator of communist society, L. showed all the strength of his creative genius, omnipotent erudition, colossal energy, and rіdkіsnu service without practice.
In 1894, L. wrote the work “What are the “friends of the people” and how do they fight against the social democrats?” ) )". Already, the first great works of L. were inspired by the creative approach to the theory and practice of robotic movement. Voni L. gave a negative critique of the sub'ektivism of the populists and the ob'ektivism of the "legal Marxists", showing consequently the Marxist pidkhid before the analysis grew. Indeed, having characterized the task of the proletariat of Russia, raising the idea of an alliance between the working class and the peasantry, demonstrating the necessity of creating a true revolutionary party in Russia. At the end of 1895, L. fought for the cordon to establish a link with the group "Zvilnennya prats". I got to know Plekhanov in Switzerland, V. Liebknecht in Nimechchina, P. Lafargue and others in France. children of the international robotic movement. At the spring of 1895, turning around the cordon, L. visited Vilnius, Moscow and Orikhovo-Zuyeva, and made contacts with the social democrats. Voseni 1895 of іnіtsіativi that pid kerіvnitstvom L. marksistskі gurtki Petersburg ob'єdnalisya in єdinu company profile - Peterburzky "Borotba Union for vizvolennya robіtnichogo Klas", yaky becoming the embryo of revolyutsіynoї proletarskoї partії, Vpershe in Russie becoming zdіysnyuvati poєdnannya NAUKOVO sotsіalіzmu of Masov robіtnichim Rukh.
At nіch іz 8 (20) on 9 (21) on brunch 1895 L. at once from his comrades-in-arms in the "Union of Fighting" buv zareshtovany i yazneniya, zvіdki prodovzhuvav cheruvati "Union". At V'yaznitsa L., having written "Draft and Explanation of the Program of the Social-Democratic Party", a series of articles and leaflets, preparing materials for his book "The Development of Capitalism in Russia". At the fierce 1897 L. Buv vyslany for 3 rocks to the village. Shushensk, Minusinsk district, Yenisei province. N. K. Krupsk was also sentenced for active revolutionary work before being sent to prison. Yak was named L., she was also sent to Shushenskoye, de became a yoga squad. Here L. having established and supported the link with the social democrats of St. Petersburg, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Voronezh and others. Mist, with the group "Zvilnennya prats", in the listing with the social democrats, who were sent to Pivnochi and in Siberia, having made themselves known as the messengers of the social democrats in the Minusinsk district. Having written over 30 works at the sent L., among them the book “The Development of Capitalism in Russia” and the brochure “The Head of the Russian Social Democrats”, which were of great importance for the development of programs, strategies and tactics of the party. In 1898, Minsk had the 1st z'їzd of the RSDLP, which voted for the enlightenment of the Social Democratic Party in Russia and saw the "Manifesto of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party". With the main provisions of the "Manifesto" L. agreed. The Proteo Party has in fact been created. Z'izd, scho vydbuvavsya without the participation of L. and in. Prominent Marxists, not zmіg virobiti program and statute of the party, podolat roz'dnanіst social-democratic movement. L. having developed a practical plan for the creation of a Marxist party in Russia; the most important way to reach it is small, as having respected L., the illegal Russian political newspaper. Fighting for the creation of a proletarian party of a new type, irreconcilable to opportunism, L. stood up against the revisionists of the international social democracy (E. Bernshtein and others) and those of Russia (“economy”). In 1899, vin clave "Protest of the Russian Social Democrats", directing against "economy". The "protest" was discussed and signed by 17 messages.
After the end of sending L. on September 29 (February 10), 1900, they left Shushensky. Following a new place of residence, L. zupinyavsya in Ufa, Moscow and others., illegally seeing St. Petersburg, everywhere establishing links between Poland and the social democrats. Settling in the fierce 1900 near Pskov, L. proved the great work of organizing the newspaper, in a number of places he created strongholds for it. In the fall of 1900, L. vyihav crossed the border, de-finishing the appearance of the newspaper "Iskra". L. used to be a non-intermediate kerіvnik of the newspaper. "Iskra" played a vinous role in the ideological and organizational training of the revolutionary proletarian party among the opportunists. Vaughn became the center of the association of parties. forces, vihovannya desks. personnel. Zagodom L. having designated that “the whole color of the swede proletariat became on the bik“ Iskri ”” (Povn. zіbr. tv., 5th edition, vol. 26, p. 344).
In 1900-05 L. lives near Munich, London, Geneva. In 1901, L. had first signed one of his articles, overseen in "Iskr", with the pseudonym Lenin (the new one had the same pseudonyms: V. Ilyin, V. Frei, IV. Petrov, K. Tulin, Karpov and others).
In the fight for the creation of a new type of party, the small Leninist robot “What work? They hurt the nourishment of our rush” (1902). Having criticized "economism" in his L., he raised the main problems of the life of the party, its ideology and politics. The most important theoretical nutrition of L. was included in the articles "Agrarian program of the Russian social democracy" (1902), "National nutrition in our program" (1903). For the critical participation of L., the editorial office of Iskri developed the draft Program of the Party, in which it was possible to formulate the establishment of a dictatorship of the proletariat for the socialist reformation of the Suspіlstva, as is the case with the programs of the Western European Social-Democratic Parties. L. having written the draft Statute of the RSDLP, having put together a plan for the work of the project and the mayor of all resolutions of the future party. In 1903 p. Vіdbuvsya 2nd z'їzd RSDLP. In this world, the process of unification of revolutionary Marxist organizations was completed and the party of the robotic class of Russia was established on ideological and political and organizational ambushes, the expansion of L. Bula was created the proletarian party of a new type, the party of the Bolsheviks. “Bilshism is born, like a political thought and like a political party, since 1903,” L. wrote in 1920 (ibid., vol. 41, p. 6). After z'izdu L. ignited the struggle against Menshovism. In the work “One step ahead, two steps ahead” (1904), he vindicated the anti-party activity of the Menshoviks, having laid the organizational ambush of the proletarian party of a new type.
In the period of the Revolution of 1905-07, L. directed the work of the Bolshevik Party from the masses. On the 3rd (1905), 4th (1906), 5th (1907) stars of the RSDLP, at the book “Two Tactics of Social Democracy in the Democratic Revolution” (1905), L. the plan and tactics of the Bolshevik party in the revolution, having criticized the opportunist line of the Menshoviks, on 8 (21) leaf fall 1905 L. arrived in St. Petersburg, de cheruvav the activity of the Central Committee and the St. Petersburg Committee of the Bolsheviks, preparing the rebellion. L. enchanted the work of the Belarusian newspapers Vpered, Proletar, Nove Zhittya. In 1906, through the police, L. moved to Kuokkala (Finland);
The fate of the reaction of 1908-10 L. in the fight for the preservation of the illegal Bolshevik party against the Menshovik-liquidators, the otzovists, against the skol’niki dissidents of Trotskyists (div. Trotskyism), against conciliation to opportunism. Vin deeply analyzed the dosvid of the Revolution of 1905-07. At the same time, L. gave an opening to the onset of reaction on the ideological foundations of the party. In the practice of "Materialism and empirio-criticism" (visions in 1909), L. vikriv vitoncheni accept and defend idealism by bourgeois philosophers, try revisionists to twist the philosophy of Marxism, having developed dialectical materialism.
From the end of 1910, a new wave of revolutionary movement broke out in Russia. At the birth of 1910, the newspaper “Zirka” began to appear in St. Petersburg from the initiative of L., on April 22 (May 5), 1912, the first issue of the newly issued legal large working newspaper “Pravda”. For the training of personnel for party workers in L. in 1911. having organized a party school in Longjumeau (near Paris), in which he delivered 29 lectures. In September 1912, the 6th (Prazka) All-Russian Conference of the RSDLP held the 6th (Prazka) All-Russian Conference of the RSDLP, which drove the menshovik-liquidators out of the RSDLP and announced the task of the party in a revolutionary environment. Shchob buti closer to Russia, L. near the red 1912 r. moving to Krakow. To direct the work of the bureau of the Central Committee of the RSDLP in Russia, the editorial office of the Pravda newspaper, which is responsible for the activity of the Bolshevik faction of the 4th State Duma. In infants in 1912, in Krakow, in spring 1913, at Poronin, with the help of L., he was honored by the Central Committee of the RSDLP with party practitioners from the most important food of the revolutionary movement. I gave great respect to the development of the theory of national nutrition, the development of members of the party and the broad masses of working people in the soul of proletarian internationalism. Vіn having written software programs: "Critical Notes on National Nutrition" (1913), "About the right of the nation to self-determination" (1914).
Zhovtnya 1905 to 1912 L. was a representative of the RSDLP at the International Socialist Bureau of the 2nd International. Ocholyuyuchi delegation bіshovikіv, vіn taking a real part in the work of the Stuttgart (1907) and Copenhagen (1910) international socialist congresses. L. vіv I dare to fight against opportunism in international robotic Russia, rallying the leftist revolutionary elements, richly respecting adding vikrittu militarism and expanding the tactics of the bіlshovitsk party in terms of imperialist wars.
Rocky 1-Ohi Svіtovoi Vіini 1914-18 Partіya Bіlshokovik on Cholі z L. Visoko Pipporla Prapor Proletarsky Intnatsіonalіzmu, Viklikila Sotzіal-Shovіnіz L_derіv 2nd Intternatzіonalu, Wistered Gaslo Lateurian Iimperіsticki Vіinyni to Gomadyaska Vіin. The war found L. at Poronina. 26 linden (8 sickles) 1914 L. for a pardon denunciation of letters of arrest by the Austrian government and appeals near the Novy Targ metro station. Zavdyaki priyannyu Polish and Austrian social democrats L. buv 6 (19) sickle of zvіlneniy iz v'yaznytsі. 23 sick days (May 5) vin wihav to Switzerland (Bern); in the fierce of 1916 he moved to Zurich, where he lived until birch (Saturday) 1917. “About the death of the Successful States of Europe”, “The Viysk program of the proletarian revolution”, “Pidbags of discussion about self-determination”, “About the caricature of Marxism and about the “imperial economics”” that in. L. having explored the most important provisions of Marxist theory, having developed the strategy and tactics of the Bolsheviks for the minds of the war. L. “Imperialism, as the naive stage of capitalism” (1916) became a deep foundation for the theory and politics of the party from the power of war, the world of that revolution. At the fate of the war, L. richly practiced over the nourishment of philosophy (div. "Philosophical Knowledge"). Undaunted by the difficult times of war, L. made a regular appearance of the Central Organ of the party of the newspaper "Social Democrat", establishing links with the party organizations of Russia, directing their work. At international socialist conferences at Zimmerwald [Serpen (Spring) 1915] and Kintale (April 1916), L. stood up for revolutionary Marxist principles, fought against opportunism and centrism (Kautskyism). Building revolutionary forces in the international robotic Russia, L. laid the foundation for the establishment of the 3rd Communist International.
Having taken to Zurich on 2(15) birch 1917 the first significant news about the lute bourgeois-democratic revolution that began in Russia, L. appointed a new task for the proletariat and the Bolshevik party. At “Leaves from afar” he formulated the political course of the party for the transition from the first, democratic, stage to another, socialist stage of the revolution, ahead of the impermissibility of the support of the bourgeois Timchasov order, hanging the position about the need to transfer all power into the hands of the Rada. On 3(16) April 1917 L. returned from the emigration to Petrograd. Urochisto zustrіty thousands of workers and soldiers, having said a short promo, ending with the words: "Long live the socialist revolution!". 4(17) April on the bіlshovikіv L.’s award, having come out with a document that took place in history under the name of V.I. Lenin (“About the task of the proletariat in the Danish revolution”). In these theses, in Sheets on Tactics, in supplementary statements and speeches at the 7th (Kvіtnevіy) All-Russian Conference of the RSDLP (b) L. having developed a plan to fight the party for the transition from the bourgeois-democratic revolution to the socialist revolution, the tactics of the party were in the minds of two people - installed on the peaceful development of the revolution, hovering over it, fading out "All power to Radam!". Under the curiosity of L., the party ignited political and organizational work in the masses of workers, villagers, and soldiers. L. directing the activities of the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b) and the central organ of the party - the newspaper Pravda, speaking at meetings and rallies. From April to April 1917, L. wrote over 170 articles, pamphlets, draft resolutions of the Bolshevik conferences and the Central Committee of the party, early. On the 1st All-Russian Z'izdі Rada (Cherven 1917), L. came forward with promos about war, promoted to the bourgeois Timoshovsky order, victoriously yog іimperialistichnu, anti-people policy that pleases the Menshoviks and the Socialist-Revolutionaries. At the Lipnya, born in 1917 after the liquidation of the two rulers and the seizing of power in the hands of the counter-revolution, the peaceful period of the development of the revolution ended. 7(20) linden Timchasovy order issued an order for the arrest of L. Vin zmusheniy bu v pіti at pіdpіllya. Until 8 (21) April 1917, L. hovavsya in a hut for the lake. Bottling the white of Petrograd, then to the cob of zhovtnya - near Finland (Yalkala, Helsingfors, Viborg). І at pіdpіllі vіn prodovzhuvav cheruvati diyalnistyu party. In the theses of "Political Station" and in the brochure "Before the Lights Out" L. marked out and outlined the tactics of the party in new minds. Vykhodyachi from Lenin's installations, 6th z'їzd RSDLP (b) (1917) having adopted a decision about the need to take power by the robotic class from the union with the most important peasantry, the way of the rebellion. U pіdpіllі L. having written the book “The State and the Revolution”, the pamphlet “The one that threatens the catastrophe and how to fight it”, “What do the Bolsheviks vtrimayut sovereign power?” ta in roboti. On 12–14 (25–27) spring 1917, L. wrote a sheet to the Central, Petrograd and Moscow committees of the RSDLP (b) “The Bolsheviks are guilty of taking power” and a sheet to the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b) “Marxism and insurrection”, and then on 29 September (12 Zhovtnya) the article “Crisis is overdue”. On the basis of a deep analysis of the distribution of that spivvіdnennia of class forces in the country in the international arena, L. having grown visnovok, that the moment was ripe for the establishment of a possible socialist revolution, and having developed a plan for a smashing insurrection. On the cob of corn, L. illegally turned from Viborg to Petrograd. At the article “For the sake of a third-party” 8 (21) zhovtnya vіn laid down the tactics of carrying out a counter-insurgency. 10 (23) Zhovtnya at the meetings of the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b) L. speaking from an additional note about the current moment; on this proposition of the Central Committee by adopting a resolution on the destruction of the insurgents. 16 (29) Zhovtnya at the expanded meeting of the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b) L., at his own dopovіdі vіdstoyuvav course for the rebellion, sharply criticizing the position of the opponents of the rebellion L. B. Kamenev and G. Ye. Zinovyova. In the end, unsafe for the length of the revolution, L. having respected the position of the first line of the rebellion until he called out to the 2nd star I am glad, on whom L. D. Trotsky especially indulged. The meeting of the Central Committee confirmed the Leninist resolution on the destruction of the insurgents. During the preparations for the rebellion, L. directed the activity of the Viysk-revolutionary center, created by the Central Committee of the party, and the Viysk-Revolutionary Committee (VRK), established on the proposition of the Central Committee under the Petrograd Radiation. On the 24th of Zhovtnya (6 leaf fall) near the leaf to the Central Committee, L. vimagav to go on the offensive, arrest the Timchas’ order and take power, loudly, “calling at the stage of death like” (ibid., vol. 34 p. 436).
Vecheri on Zhovtnya 24 (6 leaf fall) L. arrived illegally to Smolny for uninterrupted care of the slaughtered insurgents. On the 2nd All-Russian z'їzdі I'm glad that I was born on the 25th of Zhovtnya (7 leaf fall), having voted the transfer of all power in the center and in the places into the hands of Rad, L. speaking with dopovіdami about the world and about the land. Z'їnzz Neniav Lenіnskі decrehi about world і about land і uvperative robіnicho-sielin siena - Rada McComarіv on Cholі z L. Viroga Velikovoi zhovtnevo socialіlіstikiї Revolutiony, Zddtkuta Kerіvnittva Comunion Partії, Vіdkril Novu Yeru in Istorії LUDSE - ERU Transition Vіd Kapitalіz socialism.
L. cholived the struggle of the Communist Party and the peoples of Russia for the accomplishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat, for the promotion of socialism. Under the curiosity of L., the party and the order created a new, radian state apparatus. The confiscation of landlords' lands and the nationalization of all land, banks, transport, great industry were carried out, the monopoly of foreign trade was secured. Created by the Red Army. Reduced national rot. Before the grandiose work from the life of the Radyansk state, the establishment of fundamental social and economic changes, the party won the broad masses of the people. At the breast 1917 at the article “How to organize the magic?” hanging on the idea of a socialist masquerade as a fiendish way of life to socialism. At the beginning of September 1918, L. drafted the “Declaration of the Rights of the Working and Exploited People,” which became the basis of the first Radianian Constitution of 1918. Zavdyaks of principles and indulgence of L., as a result of his fight against the “leftist communism” and the storms of the world. Radyansky Vlad Necessary Peaceful Re-Arm.
On February 11, 1918, L. was alive and working near Moscow, after moving to the Central Committee of the party and the Radyansky order from Petrograd.
In the practice “Chergovі zavdannya Radyanskoi vlady”, in the roboti “About the “leve”” there is a childishness about dribno-bourgeoisness” (1918) and in. L. Namіtiv plan for the creation of the foundations of the socialist economy. In early 1918, the fate of the initiative for the participation of L. was divided: a decree was adopted on food nutrition. For the proposition of L., they created rations for workers, sent to the village, to raise money for the fight against kurkulstvo, for the fight for bread. The socialist come in Radyanskoy vlady stole the baked opera of the overthrown exploiting classes. The stench ignited a fierce struggle against the Radyansk government, and went far to terror. 30 sickle, 1918 L. buv seriously wounded by the eserka-terrorist F. Є. Kaplan.
At the rock of the Gromadyansk war and the military intervention of 1918-20 L. for the sake of the rural defense, created on the 30th leaf fall of 1918 for the mobilization of all forces and resources to defeat the enemy. L. hung out the sign "Everything for the front!", on the yoga proposition of the All-Russian Central Exhibition Center, voicing the Radyansk republic with a camp camp. Under the leadership of L., the party and the Radyansky order in a short term zoomed in on the economy of the country in the Viysk way, rozrobili it carried out in life a system of overarching entries, which took away the name of "Viysk communism." Lenin wrote the most important party documents, which turned out to be a combat program for mobilizing the forces of the party and the people to defeat the enemy: “Tezi of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) at the link with the camp of the Skhidny Front” (Quiten 1919), sheet of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) to of all organizations of the party “Everyone to fight for Denikin! (Lipen 1919) that in L. without intermediary cherubing the plans for the most important strategic operations of the Chervona Army to defeat the White Guard armies and military foreign interventions.
At that very hour, L. continued to conduct a theoretical work. Autumn 1918 Vіn wrote the book "The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade Kautsky", in a kind of victorious opportunism of Kautsky, showing the fundamental protinezhnist democracy of the bourgeois and proletarian, radyansky. L. pointed out the international significance of the strategy and tactics of the Russian communists. “... Bilshovism,” L. wrote, “is suitable as an example of tactics for everyone” (there, after all, vol. 37, str. 305). L. basically slaved the project of another program of the party, which appointed the leader of the life of socialism, adopted by the 8th party of the RCP (b) (birch 1919). At the center of L.'s respect, there was also a message about the transitional period from capitalism to socialism. In Cherry 1919, I wrote the article “The Great Beginning”, dedicated to the communist subotniks, in the autumn - the article “Economics and Politics in the Era of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat”, spring 1920 - the article “From the Ruining of the Century to the Creativity of the New”. In these and other works of L., zagalnivshi dosvіd dictatorship of the proletariat, slaying the Marxist vchennya about the transitional period, hanging the most important nourishment of communistic life in the minds of the struggle between two systems: socialism and capitalism. After the possible end of the Gromadyansk war, L. choked the struggle of the party and all the working people of the Radyansk Republic for the further development of the economy, cherishing cultural life. At the Zvіtniy dopovіdі of the Central Committee of the 9th z'їzdu party of L., having appointed the task of the gospodar life, having voted on the most important significance of the single gospodar plan, the basis of which can be the electrification of the country. Under L.’s curiosity, the GOELRO plan was broken up - the plan for the electrification of Russia (for 10-15 years), the first promising plan for the development of the people’s state of the Radyansk region, which L. called “another program of the party” (div. there, vol. 42, s .157).
For example, 1920 - the beginning of 1921, a discussion broke out in the party about the role of that professional union leader, in which, in fact, there were discussions about the methods of approaching the masses, about the role of the party, about the share of the dictatorship of the proletariat and socialism in Russia. L. speaking out against the pardon platforms and factional activities of Trotsky, N. I. Bukharin, "working opposition", a group of "democratic centralism". Vіn pointed out that, being a school of communism, the trade unions could create a life for the working people, building a school for managing the people's state.
On the 10th star of the RCP (b) (1921) L. podbiv pіdbіvki pіdbіvki profsіlkovї ї rasskuї ї і pії i hung zavdannya zavdannya zavdannya podіdі vіd politіє "military komіnіzmu" to novі ї ekonomіchnії politіki (nepu). Z'izd having praised the transition to nepa, which has taken care of the union of the robotic class and the villagers, the creation of the basis of the socialist socialist society; having adopted the resolution written by L. "On the unity of the party." In the brochure "Pro Food (aware of the New Polikiytika, Statti" To ChojiRi-Ukraine "(1921) L. Roskriev SNTNIBICE NEWSO ECONIKI POL_TICS SNIT_IARSKOE POLІTI POLTIARITI PEROKTARIATI IN PERFORM PEROIOD THAT ICRAIRSIVAVAVAVAYSWAYS.
In the promo “The Entrepreneur of Young People” on the 3rd star of the RKSM (1920), in the drafting of the draft resolution “On Proletarian Culture” (1920), in the article “On the Significance of Warrior Materialism” (1922) and in. creation of socialist culture, leader of the ideological robotic party; great turbota was shown by L. about the development of science.
L. vyznach ways of the national diet. Problems of national-powerful life and socialist transformations in the national regions of Leningrad were discussed in the supplementary program on the party program on the 8th star of the RCP (b), in the “Comb drawing of theses from the national and colonial nutrition” (1920) to the 2nd congress Comintern, at the sheet “About the Adoption of the SRSR” (1922) and in. L. having developed the principles of the unification of the Radianian republics in a single rich-national state on the basis of goodwill and equality - the Union of the RSR, which was the creation of the 1922 birth.
The Radyansky detachment on the island of L. consistently fought for the protection of the world, for the destruction of the new world war, and began to improve the economy and diplomatic renown. lands. At one time, the radyansky people gave a support to the revolutionary and nationally voluntary movements.
At the birch tree in 1922, L. cheruvav robotically the 11th star of the RCP (b) - the remaining party star, on which he spoke. The work is stressed, the last wounded in 1918. improved the health of L. In the grass, born in 1922 Vіn importantly fell ill. On the cob of zhovtnya 1922 L. turned to work. The rest of the public yoga performance on the 20th leaf fall of 1922 at the plenum of Mosradi. December 16, 1922 L.'s health became sharply aggravated again. Naprikintsі chest 1922 - on the cob 1923 p. L. dictating lists from internal party and state power: “Letter to the z'izdu”, “On the giving of legislative functions to the State Plan”, “To nutrition about nationality or about “autonomization”” and a series of articles - “Storinki iz shdennik”, “About cooperation ”, “About our revolution”, “How can we reorganize the Rabkrin (Proposition of the 12th party leader)”, “Less is more, more is more”. The lists and articles are rightly called the political commandment of L. Vonya became the final stage in the creation of L.'s plan to encourage socialism in the SRSR. Vaughn L. became a leader in a narrow-minded program of the socialist transformation of the country and the prospects for a light revolutionary process, the foundations of politics, strategy and tactics of the party. Vіn obґruntuvav mozhlivіst pobudovi sotsіalіstichnogo suspіlstva in CPCP, rozvinuv Statute about іndustrіalіzatsіyu Kraina, about perehіd villagers to great Gromadska virobnitstva Shlyakhov kooperuvannya (div. Cooperative Plan B. I. Lenina), about cultural revolyutsіyu, nagolosiv on neobhіdnostі zmіtsnennya Union robіtnichogo Claes that selyanstva, strengthening the friendship of the peoples of the SRSR, improving the sovereign apparatus, ensuring the crucial role of the Communist Party, unity of the lavas.
L. successively pursuing the principle of collectivity of kerіvnitstv. Putting all the most important food of the wines on the discussion of party z'izdiv and conferences, plenums of the Central Committee and the Politburo of the Central Committee of the party, All-Russian z'izdiv Rada, sessions of the All-Russian Exhibition Center and meeting of the Radnarkom. Such prominent parties of the Radyansk state, such as V. V. Borovsky, F. E. Dzerzhinsky, M. I. Kalinin, L. B. Krasin, G. M. Krzhizhanovsky, V. V. Kuibishev, A. V. Lunacharsky, G. K. Ordzhonikidze, G. I. Petrovsky, Ya. M. Sverdlov, I. V. Stalin, P. I. Stuchka, M. V. Frunze, G. V. Chicherin, S. G. Shaumyan et al.
L. became the leader not only of the Russian, but also of the international robotic and communist movement. From the sheets to the working lands of Western Europe, America and Asia L. rose'explaining the day and the international significance of the Zhovtnevoy socialist revolution, the most important task of the world's revolutionary movement. From the initiatives of L. in 1919, the creations of the 3rd Communist International. The 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th congresses of the Comintern were held under the patronage of L. We have written drafts of many resolutions and congress documents. In the works of L., nasampered in the practice of "Child of the ailment of "liveness" in communism" (1920), the program ambush, the strategy and the principles of tactics of the international communist movement were divided.
In the grass in 1923, L. moved through the ailment to Gorki. At the beginning of 1924, the fate of the country's health was sharply reduced. September 21, 1924 year 6. 50 min. L. died in the evening. On September 23, the string with the body of L. was transported to Moscow and installed at the Columned Hall of Budinka Soyuziv. For five days and nights, the people said goodbye to their leader. On the 27th of September, the funeral was held at Chervoniy Square; a string made from the embalmed body of L. was placed in a specially built Mausoleum (Div. Mausoleum of V. I. Lenin).
Not since Marx did the history of the arbitrary movement of the proletariat give a holy thinker, that leader of the robotic class, all workers of such a gigantic scale, like Lenin. The genius of a learned man, political wisdom and clairvoyance fell on the new one with the talent of the greatest organizer, with a free will, masculinity and courage. L. bezbezhno vіriv in the creative forces of the people's masses, bvіvіsno povyazaniya z them, koristuvavsya їhnoy vіryu dovіroy, lyubov'yu that pіdtrimkoy. All the activities of L. є instilled in the organic unity of the revolutionary theory and revolutionary practice. Bezzavіtna vіddanіst komunіstichnim іdealam, spravі partії, robіtnichogo Klas, naybіlsha perekonanіst in pravotі that spravedlivostі tsієї right, pіdporyadkuvannya vsogo Svoge Zhyttia borotbі for zvіlnennya Migrant od sotsіalnogo that natsіonalnogo gnіtu, love to Batkivshchyna that poslіdovny іnternatsіonalіzm, neprimirennіst, vimoglivіst to imagine that іnshih, moral purity, simplicity and modesty are the characteristics of Lenin's figure, the leader and the people.
The support of the party and the Radyansk power L., having improved the creative Marxism. Vіn innocently struggled with attempts to turn the vchennya of Marx - Engels into a dead dogma.
“We do not marvel at Marx’s theory, as it’s finished and under-torqued,” L. wrote, “we reconcile that she has laid only the outer stones of science, as socialism is guilty of ruin in all directions, because we don’t want to stink in life” (ibid., vol. 4, p. 184).
L. raised the revolutionary theory to a new, greater chabel, enriched Marxism with scientific evidence of all-world-historical significance.
“Leninism is the Marxism of the epoch of imperialism and proletarian revolutions, the epoch of the catastrophe of colonialism and the victory of nationally voluntary revolutions, the epoch of the transition of people from capitalism to socialism and the life of communist supremacy” (“Until the 100th day of June of the people”, Central Committee of the CPRS, 1970, p.5).
L. having developed the tendencies of Marxism - philosophy, political economy, scientific communism (div. Marxism-Leninism).
Having explored the position of Marxist philosophy of science, especially physics, from the beginning of the 19th to the beginning of the 20th century, L. developed a further development of dialectical materialism. Vіn destroying the manifestation of matter, denoting it as an ob'ektivnu reality, which is the posture of human knowledge, having explored the fundamental problems of the theory of human objectivity and the theory of knowledge. The great merit of L. is the universal development of materialistic dialectics, especially the law of unity and struggle of proportions.
"Lenin - Person Miselor Tsittya, Jacques the Movement of the Mother of Ecache, Picking the Grandiozno Nauchovo Revolutiony, Zoomіv Roskriti and Filosophicks Uzagalnitii Revolutionary Sense of Fundamental Vіdkrittіv Veliky Domelіdnikіv Vyodki ... Him Dumka about the NEWBERPNIF MATERII has become the principle of naturally , s 14).
The largest contribution made by L. to Marxist sociology. Vіn concretizing, arguing and raising the most important problems, the category and position of historical materialism about the supple-economic formation, about the regularity of the development of the suppleness, about the development of productive forces and virobnichesnyh vіdnosin, about the mutual basis and superpower, about the class revolutions, about the nation and national-volitional revolutions, about the difference between objective and subjective factors in sustained life, about the sustained recognition of the role of ideas in the development of prosperity, about the role of national identity in history.
L. suttєvo dopovniv marksistsky analіz kapіtalіzmu staging such problems, yak Becoming a method that rozvitok kapіtalіstichnogo virobnitstva, zokrema in vіdnosno vіdstalih kraїnah for nayavnostі perezhitkіv powerful feudal, agrarian vіdnosin in kapіtalіzmu of minds and takozh analіz bourgeois that the bourgeois-democratic character revolyutsіy, sotsіalnoї structuring kapіtalіstichnogo. Suspіlstva, essence and forms of bourgeois power, historical mission and forms of class struggle of the proletariat. Importantly, the importance of L.'s visnovoks is about those that the strength of the proletariat in the historical development is immeasurably greater, the lower part of the vast majority of the population.
L. having created a creed about imperialism as the last remaining stage in the development of capitalism. Rozkrivshi sutnіst іmperіalіzmu yak monopolіstichnogo that great-power monopolіstichnogo kapіtalіzmu, oharakterizuvavshi Yogo Find our osnovnі, show kraynє zagostrennya vsіh Yogo protirіch, ob'єktivne priskorennya stvorennya materіalnih that sotsіalno-polіtichnih peredumov sotsіalіzmu, L. Zroby visnovok about those scho іmperіalіzm - tse naperedodnі sotsіalіstichnoї revolyutsії .
L. universally proclaimed a hundred years of a new historical era, the Marxist theory of socialist revolution. Vin deeply explored the idea of the hegemony of the proletariat in the revolution, the need for an alliance between the working class and the laboring peasantry, having assigned the proletariat to different versions of the peasantry at different stages of the revolution; having created the theory of the transformation of the bourgeois-democratic revolution into a socialist revolution, visviting food about the spivvennennia struggle for democracy and for socialism. Rozkrivshi mehanіzm dії law nerіvnomіrnostі rozvitku kapіtalіzmu in Epoch іmperіalіzmu, L. Zroby nayvazhlivіshy scho Got velichezne theoreticity i polіtichne value visnovok about mozhlivіst i neminuchіst Peremohy sotsіalіzmu spochatku in nebagatoh abo navіt in odnіy, okremo vzyatіy kapіtalіstichnіy kraїnі; This visnovok L., confirmed by the course of historical development, formed the basis for the development of important problems of the world revolutionary process, the viability of socialism in the lands, which the proletarian revolution overcame. L. having explained the provisions about the revolutionary situation, about the slaughter of the insurgents, about the possibility for the singing minds of the peaceful development of the revolution; turning the idea of a world revolution as a single process, like an era, which succeeds in the struggle of the proletariat and its allies for socialism with democratic, including nationally voluntary, revolutions.
L. gliboko rozrobiv natsіonalne power, vkazavshi on neobhіdnіst rozglyadati yogo s pozitsіy klasovoї Borotba proletarіatu, rozkriv tezu about Dvi tendentsії kapіtalіzmu in natsіonalnomu pitannі, obґruntuvav Statute about Povny rіvnopravnіst natsіy, about the right to prignіchenih, kolonіalnih that fallow narodіv on samoviznachennya i vodnochase principle іnternatsіonalіzmu robіtnichogo the collapse of proletarian organizations, the idea of a joint struggle of workers of all nationalities in the name of social and national freedom, the creation of a voluntary union of peoples.
L. rozkriv sutnіst that characterizing the rushiyni forces of the national-volunteer ruhіv. The idea of organizing a united front of the revolutionary movement of the international proletariat and national-voluntary movement against the opposite enemy - imperialism. Vіn formulating the position about the possibility of the transition of steel lands to socialism, bypassing the capitalist stage of development. L. having explained the principles of the national policy of the dictatorship of the proletariat, which will ensure the development of nations, nationalities, and even more closely that rapprochement.
L. naming the main zmist of the modern era as the transition of people from capitalism to socialism, characterizing the destructive forces of the prospects of the world's revolutionary process after the split of the world into two systems. The main protirichcha tsієї epoch - protirіchchya between socialism and capitalism. With a leading force in the struggle against imperialism, L. having introduced the socialist system and the international robotic class. L. passed on the illumination of the system of light of the socialist powers, as if slapping a vicious sigh on the entire light policy.
L. having developed a whole theory about the transitional period from capitalism to socialism, having explored this change of laws. Having learned about the Parisian Commune, three Russian revolutions, L. having uncovered and concretized Marx and Engels’s message about the dictatorship of the proletariat, he universally revealed the historical significance of the Republic of Rada - a power of a new type, immeasurably more democratic, lower be-yak-bourgeois-parliamentary. The transition from capitalism to socialism, including L., is impossible to date the diversity of political forms, but the essence of all these forms will be one - the dictatorship of the proletariat. Vіn universally rasrobivnya nutrition about the functions of the task of the dictatorship of the proletariat, stating that the main thing in it is not violence, but rather the formation of a robotic class of non-proletarian working people, encouraging socialism. The main mental design of the dictatorship of the proletariat, including L., is the foundation of the Communist Party. In L.'s practice, the theoretical and practical problems of the life of socialism are deeply visible. The most important tasks after the victory of the revolution are the socialist transformation and the planned development of the people's state, reaching the highest productivity of the practice, lower for capitalism. The most important thing in everyday life of socialism is the creation of an advanced material and technical base, the industrialization of the country. L. deeply razrobyv pitanya about the socialist perebudovu silskogo gospodarstva by way of the establishment of sovereign states and the development of cooperation, the transition of the villagers to the great suspіlny virobnitstv. L. vysunuv and blaming the principle of democratic centralism as the main principle of the state government in the minds of the life of socialist and communist supremacy. Vіn having shown the need to save and to win commodity-penny money, carried out on the principle of material congestion.
One of the basic minds wobby SotzіalіZMU L. Vvazhavnnya Culturally Revolution: Pіdy People's Assistant, Lady of Nazischika Mas to Knins, Cultural Tsinniki, Distribution of Science, L_Teaturi, Tom Mussettva, Obiboko Coupling Svіdomostі, Іdeologіїї of the Spiritual Body of Workers, Perevilnya . L. bared on the need for victorious culture of the past, її progressive, democratic elements on the greed of everyday life of socialist supremacy. Vin vvazhav for the necessary education to participate in the socialist life of the old, bourgeois fahivtsiv. At once about those L. visuvav the head of the training of numerical personnel of the new, popular intelligentsia. In the articles about L. Tolstoy, in the article “Party Organization and Party Literature” (1905), as well as in the sheets to M. Gorky, I. Armand and in. , formulating the principle of party curation of literature and mysticism
The ambush of the socialist state policy as an important factor in inducing a new society, the development of a revolutionary process of light, was scattered in the pracies of L.. Tska Polіtika Tisnoye, the Econida Taiskoy Union of the Soc_al_stichnyy Public, Solіdarnostі z peoples, Scho binds to the socialist Ta National District Discoverene, peaceful SPIVIVANUVANYANY DEFIVE, MIZ-SPI_NEVITINITVA, RІSHUCHO SPIADIA IMPERІALISHNIY AGRESIMA.
L. raising the Marxist vchennya about two phases of communist suspension, about the transition from the first to the next phase, about the day and the way of the creation of the material and technical basis of communism, about the development of statehood, about the formation of communist suspension of the workers, about the communization of labor.
L. having created a vchennya about the proletarian party of a new type, as the highest form of revolutionary organization for the proletariat, as the vanguard and champion of the robotic class in the struggle for the dictatorship of the proletariat, for the promotion of socialism and communism. Vіn rozrobiv organіzatsіynі Fundamentals partії, mіzhnarodny principle її pobudovi, norms partіynogo Zhittya, vkazav on neobhіdnіst democratic tsentralіzmu in partії, єdnostі that svіdomoї zalіznoї distsiplіni, rozvitku vnutrіshnopartіynoї demokratії, aktivnostі chlenіv partії that kolektivnostі kerіvnitstva, neprimirennostі to oportunіzmu, tіsnogo zv'yazku.
L. buv firmly perekonaniya at the inevitable defeat of socialism in the whole world. With unrecognized minds, the victory of the wines is important: the unity of the revolutionary forces of modernity - the light system of socialism, the international robotic class, the national-voluntary movement; correct strategy and tactics of communist parties; I dare to fight against reformism, revisionism, right and left opportunism, nationalism; the formation and unity of the international communist movement on the basis of Marxism and the principles of proletarian internationalism.
Theoretically, that political activity of L. began a new, Leninist stage in the development of Marxism, in international robotic Russia. In the name of Lenin, with Leninism, the greatest revolutionary atrocities of the 20th century were brought about, they fundamentally changed the social image of the world, marked the turn of people to socialism and communism. Revolutionary reformation of socialism in the Radyansk Union with the improvement of the ingenious Leninist chairs and plans, the victory of socialism and the emergence of a guilty socialist prosperity in the SRSR - the triumph of Leninism. Marxism-Leninism is a great and united international movement for the proletariat and for the bans of all communist parties, all revolutionary workers in the world, all working people. All the fundamental social problems of the present can be virno assessed and virishiti, relying on the ideological recession of L., guiding by the overarching compass - we live forever and creative Marxist-Leninist vchennyam. In Zvernenny International People's Party of Communist and Robotic Parties (Moscow, 1969) "About the 100th day of the birth of Volodymyr Illich Lenin" states:
“The whole proof of secular socialism, robotic and national-willful movement, having confirmed the international significance of the Marxist-Leninist doctrine. Peremoga sotsіalіstichnoї revolyutsії in grupі kraїn, viniknennya svіtovoї sistemi sotsіalіzmu, zavoyuvannya robіtnichogo Ruhu in kraїnah kapіtalu, vihіd the arena samostіynoї suspіlno-polіtichnoї dіyalnostі narodіv kolishnіh kolonіy that pіvkolonіy, nebuvale pіdnesennya antiіmperіalіstichnoї Borotba - All Tse bring іstorichnu correctness lenіnіzmu scho virazhaє korіnnі require suchasnoї epochs. ”(“International Narada of Communist and Robotic Parties”. Documents and Materials, M., 1969, p. 332).
The CPRS hopes for an important event, saving and seeing the literary decline of L., as well as documents related to this life and work. In 1923 the Central Committee of the RCP(b) created the V. I. Institute. Lenina, for which functions were assigned. In 1932, as a result of the merger of the Institute of K. Marx and F. Engels with the Institute of V.I. Lenina was approved by the united Institute of Marx - Engels - Lenin under the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (institute of Marxism-Leninism under the Central Committee of the CPSU). The Central Party Archive of the Institute is saving over 30 thousand. Lenin's documents. The SRSR had a lot of light to see five works of L. (Div. Create V.I. Lenina), one sees "Lenin's collections". Thematic collections of works by L. and Yogo Okremі Pratsі are used in millions of copies. Great respect is attached to the publications of those biographical works about L., as well as literature on various problems of Leninism.
The Radyan people are sacred to the memory of Lenin. Im'ya Lenin to wear the All-Union Communist Youth Union and Pioneer organization in the SRSR, a lot of places, in the middle of them Leningrad - a place, de L. having voted for Vlad Rad; Ulyanovsk, where children and youthful rocks of L. have passed. In honor of L. 1930, the largest city in the USSR was founded - the Order of Lenin; foundations of the Lenin Prize for distinguished merit in the gallery of science and technology (1925), in the gallery of literature and art (1956); International Lenin Prize "For the promotion of peace among peoples" (1949). The unique memorial and historical monument is the Central Archives of V.I. Lenina and yoga philia at the rich places of the SRSR. Museums St I. Lenina є also in іn. socialist lands, near Finland, France.
At the quarter 1970 The communist party of the Radyansk Union, all the people of Radyansk, the international communist movement, the working masses, the progressive forces of all the lands, marked the 100th day of the people of V.I. Lenin. The celebration of the znamary date wagged at the greatest demonstration of the life force of Leninism. The ideas of Lenin are shaping and dying the communists and all the working people in the struggle for the external triumph of communism.
Create:
- Collection of works, vol. 1-20, M. - L., 1920-1926;
- Soch., 2 publications, vol. 1-30, M. - L., 1925-1932;
- Soch., 3 editions, vol. 1-30, M. - L., 1925-1932;
- Soch., 4 editions, vol. 1-45, M., 1941-67;
- New collection of works, 5th edition, vol. 1-55, M., 1958-65;
- Lenin's collections, book. 1-37, M. - L., 1924-70.
Literature:
- Until the 100th day of the people's day V.I. Lenin. Abstracts of the Central Committee of the CPSU, M., 1970;
- Until the 100th day of the people's day St. I. Lenina, Collection of documents and materials, M., 1970.
- V.I. Lenin. Biography, 5th edition, M., 1972;
- V.I. Lenin. Biographical chronicle, 1870 - 1924, vol. 1-3, M., 1970-72;
- Tell me about St. I. Lenina, vol. 1-5, Moscow, 1968-1969;
- Krupska N.K., About Lenin. Zb. Art. that speech. 2 vidavnitstv, M., 1965;
- Leniniana, Library of works St. I. Lenin and Literature about New 1956-1967 pp., in 3 volumes, vols. 1-2, M., 1971-72;
- Lenin and now living for all the living. Recommended indicator of memoirs and biographical literature about St. I. Lenina, M., 1968;
- Tell me about V.I. Lenin. Annotation showing books and journal articles 1954-1961, M., 1963;
- Lenin. Historical and biographical atlas, M., 1970;
- Lenin. Collection of photographs and film frames, vol. 1-2, M., 1970-72.
Volodymyr Illich Lenin - Russian revolutionary, Radian political and sovereign fiend, founder of the Radyansk Union, organizer of the CPRS. Vіn buv tasks in rich areas. Yogo is considered the most legendary leader and politician in history. Moreover, Lenin organized the first socialist power. Tsey komunistichny diyach buv zatsіkavleniya politiki Mark Engels, and nevdovzі - having continued yoga on the right. Volodymyr Illich changed the share not only of the Radyansk state, but of the whole world. Lenin is the creator of the Russian Social-Democratic Labor Party. The head of the head of this sovereign fiend was the creation of the party of the robotic class. It is not enough to positively push such an innovation to the share of the power at hand, according to the words of Lenin.
Portrait of Volodymyr Lenin
Biography of Volodymyr III Lenin
Qiu is especially respected as the main organizer and champion of the Zhovtnevoy revolution of 1917 in Russia. Besides, Volodymyr Illich - first head for the sake of People's Commissars.
Regardless of the majestic period, which is past the reign of the legendary specialty, historians are increasingly attaching respect to the development of yoga politics, the methods of activity and life of Volodymyr Illich Lenin. Vin actively developing his policy on the cob of the XX century. Prote yogo, the form of government did not suit everyone like that. Someone sued a political fiend, someone - groaning. Regardless of everything, it still remains one of the most important features in the sphere of politics.
Let's make Lenin a Marxist and start by clearly arguing our thoughts. Yogo is considered the founder of Marxism-Leninism. Volodymyr Illich - ideologist and author of the Third Communist International. Sovereign representative of the buv tasks in the sphere of political and journalistic work. Yogo pen lie robotic character. For example, materialistic philosophy, theory of Marxism, encouragement of socialism and communism and many others.
Volodymyr Lenin and yoga sister Maria
Millions respect Volodymyr Illich Lenin as one of the most important representatives of politics in the entire history of the world. Tse with methods of yogic rule and the nature of the activity. Spivrobitniki popular magazine "Time" made Lenin up to a hundred of the most important revolutionary leaders in the twenty century. Which Russian leader was brought to the category "Leaders and Revolutionaries". It is also evident that the works of Volodymyr Illich are widely leading in the lists of translated literature. Drukovanie create to sit in the third place at the world after the Bible and creation Mao Zedong.
Childhood and youth by Volodymyr Ulyanov
The right name of the great Russian leader Ulyanov. Volodymyr Illich was born in 1870 in Ulyanovsk (Simbirsk today) at the same time as an inspector of public schools in the Simbirsk province. Father Volodymyr, Illya Mikolayovich Ulyanov, used to be a statist radnik Early in the war he made a deposit at the middle chief mortgages of Penzi and Nizhny Novgorod.
Volodymyr Lenin at the Childhood
Mati Volodymyr Ulyanov, Maria Oleksandrivna, small Swedish and German fit by mother and European - by father. Maria Ulyanova laid an external drink at the reader's seat. Prote later ended her career and attached all her free time to the care of her children and domestic dominion. Krim Volodymyr, the family had older children - son Oleksandr and Donka Hanna. For a sprat, two more children appeared - Maria and Dmitro.
In childhood, young Ulyanov received an Orthodox Christian christening and became a member of the Simbirsk Religious Association of St. Sergius of Radonez. In the school period, the lad otrimuvav vysokі badges zgіdno іz the law of God.
Little Volodymyr was already a depraved child. Vіtsі five roki vіn already vmіv good to read and write. Nezabar, having entered the Simbirsk gymnasium. There, we will respect the wine, diligently and add a lot of time to the initial process. For the diligence of work, that diligence gradually otrimuvav commendable letters and other awards. The deyakі vikladachі often called yoga "a walking encyclopedia".
Volodymyr Lenin in his youth
Volodymyr Ulyanov even looked up to other scientists equal to his development. All classmates respected yoga and were ranked as an authoritative friend. At school, the fateful leader, having read a rich amount of advanced Russian literature, like a nevdovz, the boy's light-gazer has interjected. Vіn vіddavav vіddavu vаgu vаdu tvorіv V. G. Bєlinskogo, A. I. Herzen, N. A. Dobrolyubova, D. I. Pisarev and especially N. G. Chernishevsky and others. In 1880, a schoolboy took away a book with golden embossing on the palette: “For goodness and success” and a laudatory sheet.
In 1887 roci graduating from the Simbirsk gymnasium with a gold medal, all grades were on a high level. Dali joined the Faculty of Law of Kazan University. F. Kerensky High School Curriculum in the region of zdivovaniya and rozcharovaniya Volodymyr Ulyanov's choice. Vіn radiv yoma continue to study at the Faculty of History and Literature. Kerensky argued in such a way that his studies were really successful in the sphere of Latin and literature.
In 1887, there was a stingy incident in the family of Ulyanovs - Volodymyr's older brother Oleksandr was squandered for organizing a swing at the tsar Oleksandra III. From that hour, Ulyanov's revolutionary activity began to develop. Vіn pochav vіdvіduvati illegal student group "People's Will" on choli s Lazar Bogoraz. At the link with the cim was switched off from the university already in the first course. Ulyanov and dozens of students were arrested and sent to the police station. The situation with my brother threw in Yogo Svetoglyad. Volodymyr Ulyanov seriously protested against the national blasphemy and tsarist policy. In that period, the lad himself spoke of his revolutionary deeds against capitalism.
Volodymyr Lenin in his youth
After repatriation from the Kazan University of wines, having moved from a small settlement under the name Kukushkino, roztashovane in the Kazan province. There he lived for two years at the house of the Ardashevs. At the link with us_ma podіami Volodymyr Ulyanov buv inclusions to the list of suspected errors, which need to be carefully controlled. More than that, it was forbidden for the future leader to renew his studies at the university.
Nezabar Volodymyr Illich became a member of various Marxist organizations, as if creating Fedosiev. Members tsikh grouping vyvchali create Karl Marx and Engels. In 1889, Volodymyr's mother's father, Maria Ulyanova, gave a majestic land with a total area of over a hundred hectares near the Samara province. All family moved to the mansion. Mother nonchalantly asked the son to cherubate with such a great budinka, so that the process would be successful.
The villagers robbed the Ulyanovs and stole a horse and two cows into them. Dali Ulyanova didn’t see it and she tried to sell it like land, like houses. On today's day near the village of rotting of houses-museum of Volodymyr Lenin.
Lenin with a cordon
At 1889 roci the Lenin family changed the place of residence. The stinks moved to Samari. There, Volodymyr's connections with the revolutionaries were renewed again. However, an hour later, the government changed its decision and allowed Volodymyr, who had been arrested earlier, to be trained before the trial for the study of jurisprudence. At the process of learning, economical assistants actively played, as well as zemstvo statistical stars.
The fate of Volodymyr Lenin in the revolutionary activity
In 1891 roci Volodymyr Lenin externally joined the St. Petersburg University at the Faculty of Law. There, he worked as a helper of a sworn advocate from Samaria and protected them. In 1893, many wines moved to St. Petersburg and devoted a lot of time to writing robots related to the Marxist political economy. In the same period, an hour later, having created the program of the Social Democratic Party. Among the popular and saving works of Lenin - "New gospodar's revolutions in rural life."
Volodymyr Lenin from the newspaper
1895 Lenin saw a cordon and saw once a sprat of the country. Among them is Switzerland, Germany and France. There, Volodymyr Ilyin, having become acquainted with his special features, Georgy Plekhanov, Wilhelm Liebknecht and Paul Lafargue. Later, the revolutionary hero turned to the fatherland and began to develop various innovations. Nasampered vin united us Marxist groups at the Union of Struggle for the Permission of the Robotic Class. Lenin began to actively promote the idea of fighting against autocracy.
For this kind of Lenin and yogo, the allies were re-arrested. The stinks were perebubali under the varta with a stretch of fate. Farther away, the aggravated ones were sent to the Shushensky village of the Eliseysk province. At the same time, the sovereign's playman was actively celebrating the blues with the Social Democrats from the different little places of the country, and for himself - from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Voronezh, Nizhny Novgorod.
At 1900 roci Vіn buv vіlny i vіdvіdav usі mіsta Rosії. Lenin added a lot of time to the attention of various organizations. What is the fate of Lenin, having created a newspaper under the name "Iskra". The very same Volodymyr Illich became firmly signed by the nickname "Lenin". For a few months I organized the z'izd of the Russian Social-Democratic Labor Party. At the link with tsієyu podієyu, there was a split into bіlshovikiv and menshovikіv. Lenin became the head of the big ideological and political party. Vіn z usіh tried to fight against the menshoviks and live radical approaches.
Volodymyr Lenin and Josip Stalin
Z 1905 The fate of Lenin is alive in Switzerland for three years. There, they diligently prepared themselves for the stormy insurrection. Pіznіshe Volodymyr Іllіch illegally turned to St. Petersburg. Vin tried to get the villagers for himself, so that they were one strong team to fight. Volodymyr Lenin, calling on the villagers to actively fight and asking for victory, I will take everything that is under my hand. It was necessary to attack the government services.
The role of the shooting of the Sims of Emperor Mikoli II
As it became known, on the night of 16 to 17 lime 1918, they shot this Mykola the Other and all the servants. This incident was for the praise of the Ural Regional for the sake of Yekaterinburz. The decree was stunned by the Bilshoviks. Lenin and Sverdlov mali singing a series of sanctions Mikoli II. These data are officially confirmed. Protohistorical experts and other fahivtsy still conduct active discussions about Lenin's sanctions on the shooting of this servant of Mikoli the Other. Acting historians recognize this fact, others categorically recount it.
At the same time, the Radyansky order praised the decision about those who need to judge Mykola the Other. The food was discussed in 1918 at the meetings of the RNC, as it took place in the next day. The Party Collegium officially confirmed such a need for the trial of Mykola the Other. Volodymyr Illich Lenin and his allies supported this idea.
Vistup of Volodymyr Lenin
Apparently, in that period Mykola Another, his homeland, that servants were transported from Tobolsk to Yekaterinburg. Shvidsche for everything, tsey relocation buv pov'yazany z usima podia. M. Medvedev (Kudrin) having issued a confirmation that he did not go far to take sanctions on the shooting of Mykoli the Other. Lenin affirmed that the tsar must be transferred to a safe place for life. On the 13th of the linden, a gathering was held, on which they discussed food, tied with a military look at the tsar’s tavern guard.
Squad of Lenin Volodymyr Illich Krupska rozpovіla about those that in the night of the tsar's death that yogo sim'ї russian leader was all night on the robot and turned only early-bitch.
Volodymyr Lenin and Leon Trotsky
Special Life of Volodymyr Illich Lenin. Krupska
Volodymyr Illich Lenin tried to earnestly adopt his special life, like other professional revolutionaries. Nadiya Krupska became Yogo's retinue. The stench got to know at 1894 the hour of the active creation of the organization under the name "To the Union of Struggle for the Permission of the Robotic Class". At that hour, a Marxist gathering was held, the de stinks snickered. Nadia Krupska the bula was choked with Lenin's leadership traits and his serious character. Vaughn, at her hand, zatsіkavila Lenina with an analytical warehouse of reason and rozvinenіstyu in rich spheres. Sovereign activity brought the couple very close, and for a couple of years the stench blew to tie the knot with their ties. The guardian of Volodymyr Illich was striman and calm, very accommodating. Vaughn supported her kohan with everything, trample everything. Moreover, the retinue helped the Russian revolutionary in secret listing with various party members.
However, despite the miraculous character and fidelity of Nadiya, she was a stingy lord. Maizha could not possibly remember Krupskaya in the process of preparation and preparation. Vaughn did not take care of the domestic state and cooked only rarely. However, even if such vipadki were still trampling, then Lenin did not squint and ї in a mustache that they gave you. It is significant that once in 1916 there was only a little bit of sour on the Christmas table before New Rock.
Volodymyr Lenin and Nadia Krupska
Until Krupskaya Lenin groaned Apollinaria Yakubova, Prote won yoga. Yakubova was a socialist.
After acquaintance, a kohanna was knocked out of them at the first glance. Krupskaya went everywhere for her kohanim and took a part in all the actions of Volodymyr Illich. Nezabar stink povinchalis. The villagers became best men. Kіltsya їm arguing їhnіy ally іz mіdnih p'yatakіv. The wedding of Krupskaya and Lenina took place on the 22nd of March 1898 in the village of Shushenskoe. After all, Nadiya truly loved her man. Moreover, Lenin repented, disrespectful to those who at that moment would be an atheist.
At the right time, Nadia was busy with her rights, and herself with theoretical and pedagogical work. Vaughn was small in her thoughts about the rich situation and didn’t give a damn about her zhorstok man.
Volodymyr was always zhorstok and callous in terms of age to his squad, Prote Nadia always shrugged in front of him, faithfully loved she helped you in all spheres. The Crimea of Nadiya in the life of Lenin had a lot of other women to inspire after the fun. Krupskaya knew about it, she proudly streamed bіl and tolerated condescension to herself. Vaughn forgot about a little pride and jealousy.
Volodymyr Lenin and Inesa Armand
There is no reliable information about the children of Volodymyr Lenin. Htos stverzhuє, scho buv bezpіdnim and zovsіm not mav children. And other historians seem to think that the Russian leader had a lot of illegal children. Also, there is information about those who have Lenin's child in their name Oleksandr Steffen vіd yogo kohanoi Inesi Armand. His novel is three-dimensional and spanning five years. Inessa Armand was Lenin's kohanka for a thriving hour and Krupskaya knew about everything that was going on.
With Inesoy Armand, they got to know each other in 1909 at the hour of rebuking in Paris. Apparently, Inessa Armand is the daughter of a famous French opera singer and comic actress. At that time, Inesi was 35 years old. Vaughn bula is absolutely not similar to Nadia Krupskaya no call, no internal. Vaughn was reminiscent of the garnished rices, denouncing that extraordinary soundness. The girl is small, her eyes are deep, her hair is long-haired, her miraculous figure is her voice. Krupskaya, after the words of Ganny Ulyanova, Volodymyr's sister, was called negligent, her eyes were small, like those of a ribeye, and her eyes were small in appearance.
Inesa Armand she had a small, sharp character and always clearly expressed her emotions. Vaughn loved to talk to people, little good manners. Krupskaya, in the face of the French image of Lenin, was cold and loved to show her emotions. Stverdzhuyut, that Volodymyr, better for everything, maw just physical pulls up to tsієї dami, the same feelings of wine before her did not show. Prote Inessa herself loved that person. Moreover, she was radical in her looks, and she categorically did not understand her own thoughts. So Armand herself prepared herself well and was always engaged in statehood, for the sake of Nadiya Krupskaya, as a matter of fact, she was not in any way involved in these processes.
Volodymyr Lenin
Also, there was information about those that Nadiya Krupska was suffering from unemployment. The very fact of arguing the existence of children among friends by stretching rich fates. Later, doctors stated the fact that the woman had a terrible illness - Graves' ailment. The illness itself was the cause of the presence of children.
The Radyansk Union did not spread information about the sake of Lenin and the presence of children with friends. Qi facts were respected by ganebnim.
The fathers of Nadiya already loved Volodymyr Illich. The stinkers were happy, that she tied her life with an intelligent lad, we’ll illuminate that stream. However, at Sim'ї Lenina, they were more than happy to see the appearance of a girl. For example, Volodymyr's sister - Ganna, hated Nadiya, she respected her wondrous, unprepossessing.
For the sake of the man, Nadiya knew everything, the prote was strimanous and never said anything to you, and to them more - to Inese. Everyone knew about this love tricutnik, and everyone was keenly aware of it, because the revolutionary did not take anything and was timid in everyone's eyes. Inesa Armand has always been a bettor. Moreover, Inesa and Nadiya tried to encourage friendly stosunki and talk.
Lenin Volodymyr Illich
The French kohanka Lenina helped him with everything, she went with him to party gatherings all over Europe. So the woman translated yoga books, create articles and others. It is significant that in her bedroom Nadiya took a photograph of her man's coat, and that day she marveled at her competitor. The signs of Volodymyr and Mother Nadiya stood as a guide.
Nadiya to the last endured the humiliation of the man for that sake, and, it would have been b, already reconciled with the presence of Volodymyr the kohanka. However, at some point, she didn’t show off, she urged people to separate. Vіn did not wait and left his kohanka Inessa Armand. In 1920, Inessa died of a terrible disease - cholera. Nadiya Krupska came to the funeral of the supergirl. Vaughn was constantly trimming Volodymyr's hand.
The French guard of Lenin lost two children in the first place, who became orphans. Your father also died earlier. To that friend, it was virulent to take custody of these children and to take custody of them. For a while, the children lived near Gorki, later they made a cordon.
Volodymyr Lenin in the rest of life
Death of Volodymyr Lenin
After the death of Inesi Armand, the life of Lenin passed away. Vіn also becoming often sick, the camp of the Russian leader's health significantly deteriorated at the link with the mustache. Nezabarom vіn pіshov іz zhiznі 21 sіchnya 1924 fate u sadіbі Girki of the Moscow province. It was a rich version of the death of a person. Some historians admit that he died through syphilis, which a French kohanka could have passed on to you. As you can see, having taken a triply hour of preparation for the treatment of such illnesses.
Prote, for official tribute, Lenin died of atherosclerosis, having suffered for the rest of the hour. To the rest of Volodymyr Illich Bulo to bring children to Іnesi to new. At that time, the stench was being bought from France. Krupskaya vikonala tse prokhannya cholovіka, prote їх were not allowed to Lenin. At the fierce fate of 1924, Nadiya proclaimed the funeral of Volodymyr, entrusting Inesi Armand from the ashes, Prote Stalin categorically proclaimed this proposition.
Funeral of Volodymyr Lenin
A few days later, after the death of the all-worldly leader, Yogo's body was transported to Moscow. Yogo was placed to the Column Hall of Budinka Soyuziv. For a stretch of five days, farewell to the Russian leader, the political and sovereign fiend, to the head of the Radyansky people took place.
September 27, 1924 Lenin's body was embalmed. For the body of the legendary person, the Mausoleum was specially opened, which was the final roztashovaniya on Chervoniy Ploshcha. The protection of Volodymyr Lenin's resurrection is being destroyed, the protection of nothing can be broken.
Mausoleum of Lenin on Chervony Square in Moscow
Creativity, do it, do it Lenina
Lenin buv v_domim prodovzhuvach Karl Marx. Vin often writes creatively on the same topics. In this rank, hundreds of creations lay in my pen. Over forty "Lenin's collections" were seen during the Radian hours, as well as a selection of works. Among the most popular works of Lenin - "The development of capitalism in Russia" (1899), "What work?" (1902), "Materialism and empirio-criticism" (1909). Moreover, in 1919-1921, he wrote down sixteen promos on headscarves, which testified about the oratorical vigor of the people's leader.
Cult of Lenin
As a matter of fact, the individual of Volodymyr Lenin developed a right cult during the period of his reign. Petrograd was renamed to Leningrad, a lot of streets and villages were named after this Russian revolutionary. A monument to Volodymyr Lenin was erected at the skin place of the state. In rich scientific and journalistic robots, the legendary person was quoted.
Revolutionary Lenin Volodymyr Illich
Bulo conducted a special examination among the population of Russia. Over 52% of the population is convinced that Volodymyr Lenin's specialism has become one of the most important and least desirable in the history of the people.
Volodymyr Illich Lenin is a Russian revolutionary, the head leader of the Radyansk people, a politician and a sovereign fiend. There are hundreds of works in the field of journalism, peru of this legendary person. For the rest of dozens of years, a lot of verses were released, ballads, we sing honor on yoga. Practically at the skin place there is a monument to Volodymyr Illich Lenin, about the truth of which dozens of fates in the whole world speak.
I spent 3 months at Kazan University.
Lenin. Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov. Biography
Lenin, Volodymyr Illich (real name - Ulyanov) (1870 - 1924)
Lenin. Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov.
Biography
Russian political and sovereign fiend, "producer of K. Marx and F. Engels", organizer of the Communist Party of the Radyansk Union (CPRS), founder of the Radyansk socialist state. Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov was born on April 22 (After the old style - April 10) 1870, at Simbirsk, in the same time as an inspector of public schools, becoming a nobleman of the recession. Did Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov - N.V. Ulyanov; used to be a krіpak in the Nizhny Novgorod province, later - a craftsman in Astrakhan. Batko - Illya Mikolayovich Ulyanov; after graduating from Kazan University, he graduated from the middle primary foundations of Penza and Nizhny Novgorod, after being appointed as an inspector and director of public schools in the Simbirsk province. Mati - Maria Oleksandrivna Ulyanova (born Blank); the doctor's daughter, having obtained home illumination, made an external drink on the rank of a teacher; buried at St. Petersburg on the Volkovy Tsvintary. Elder brother - Oleksandr Illich Ulyanov; in 1887, the fate of the preparations for the strike against Tsar Alexander III. The younger brother is Dmitro Illich Ulyanov. Sisters - Ganna Illivna Ulyanova (Ulyanova-Yelizarova) and Olga Illivna Ulyanova. Mustache children of the Ulyanovs tied their lives with the revolutionary movement.
In 1879-1887, Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov started studying at the Simbirsk gymnasium, as if he finished with a gold medal. Having entered the Faculty of Law of Kazan University, in 1887 he was born for his active participation in the revolutionary gatherings of students, being imprisoned, exclusion from the university as a relative of his brother, the People's Volunteer, and hanging to the village of Kokushkino, Kazan province. At Zhovtnі 1888 Volodymyr Ulyanov turned to Kazan, de joining one of the Marxist groups. At the other half of the sickle of 1890, fate first saw Moscow. In 1891, at the St. Petersburg University, he studied as an external student at the program of the Faculty of Law and on September 14, 1892, Volodymyr Ulyanov took a diploma of the 1st stage. In 1889, the Ulyanov family moved to Samary, de Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov, becoming a pratsyuvati assistant to a sworn attorney and organizing a group of Marxists. Torishny Serpnya 1893 moved to St. Petersburg, de joined the Marxist group of students at the Technological Institute. In 1895, he was under the pseudonym K. Tulin. At the end of 1895 Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov crossed the cordon to establish a link with the group "Zvilnennya Pratsi". In Switzerland, I got to know G.V. Plekhanov, in Nimechi - with V. Liebknecht, in France - with P. Lafargue. At the spring of 1895, turning behind the cordon, visiting Vilnius, Moscow and Orekhovy-Zuyeva. Autumn 1895 z іnіtsіativi and pіd kerіvnitstvom V.І. Ulyanov, the Marxist groups of St. Petersburg united into a single organization - the St. Petersburg Union of Struggle for the Freedom of the Robotic Class. For participation in the organization of the social-democratic party in chest 1895. Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov was arrested, and in the fierce 1897. messages for three rocks to Siberia - to the village of Shushensk, Minusinsk district, Yenisei province. At the same time, Nadiya Kostyantinivna Krupska, as named, was straightened out, so she was condemned to be sent to prison for active revolutionary work. In 1898, changing Shushensky, N.K. Krupsk, with Yakou V.I. Ulyanov, having become acquainted in 1894 as a roci, became his team. Ulyanov wrote over 30 robots to the message. In 1898, Minsk had the 1st z'їzd of the RSDLP, which voted for the enlightenment of the Social Democratic Party in Russia and saw the "Manifesto of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party". In 1899 Ulyanov was friends under the pseudonym "V. Ilyin". Among yoga pseudonyms were V.Frey, Iv.Petrov, Karpov et al. 10 fierce (according to the old style on September 29) 1900, after the end of the message, Ulyanov viїhav іz Shushenskoe. In 1900, at the end of 1900, the fate of the cordon was broken, de arranging the issue of the newspaper "Iskra", becoming the editor. In 1900-1905 pp. Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov lives near Munich, London, Geneva. In 1901, one of the articles instructed by the journal "Zorya" was first signed with the pseudonym "Lenin" (for other sources, the pseudonym "Lenin" first appeared in the sich 1901 at the sheet addressed to G.V. Plekhanov) . In 1903 Vіdbuva 2nd s'jdgz RSDRP, on Okom Partіya Blіlshovikіv Bula was created practical II Volodimir іlіch Lenin, I writing the Statute of the RSDDP that the Patatouri Proletarіatu's program for the socially intestive stretching of suspehood, Crowing LIVI ("Bіlshovitka") Krill Partії. In 1904 p. Yu.O. Martov first brought into use the term "leninizm" ("Fight against the "siege camp" at the Russian Social-Democratic Robotic Party"). 21 leaf fall (for the old style 8 leaf fall) 1905 Lenin illegally arrived in St. Petersburg, de occupied with the activities of the Central Committee and the St. Petersburg Committee of Belarusians, the preparation of a slaughter rebellion, and the activities of the Belarusian newspapers "Vpered", "Proletar", "New Life". For two years I changed 21 conspiratorial apartments. Uniquely arrested, at the sickle 1906 p. Lenin moved to the dacha "Vaza" in the village of Kuokkala (Finland). In 1907, having acted unsuccessfully as a candidate for the 2nd Sovereign Duma in St. Petersburg, the stars periodically went to St. Petersburg, Moscow, Viborg, Stockholm, London, Stuttgart. In 1907, I emigrated to Switzerland in 1907, and for example, in 1908, to France (Paris). In early 1910, the newspaper "Zirka" began to appear in St. Petersburg, and on May 5 (after the old style on April 22), 1912, the first issue of the newly-branded legal large working newspaper "Pravda" was released. For the training of personnel for party workers in 1911. Lenin organized a party school in Longjumeau (near Paris), in which he delivered 29 lectures. U sichni 1912 6-a (Prazka) All-Russian Conference of the RSDLP was held at Prazі pіd yogo kerіvnitstvom. At the red 1912 Lenin moved to Krakow, cherubing the activities of the Bolshevik faction of the 4th State Duma and sending the work of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the RSDLP in Russia. Zhovtnya 1905 to 1912 Lenin was a representative of the RSDLP at the International Socialist Bureau of the 2nd International, especially the delegation of Belarusians, taking part in the work of the Stuttgart (1907) and Copenhagen (1910) international socialist congresses. 8 sickle (after the old style 26 lime) 1914 Lenin, who was in Poronin (the territory of the Austro-Ugric region), was arrested by the Austrian government for suspicion of spying on Russia's greed and exposure to the city of Novy Targ, aleza 19 sickle ( ), zavdyaki priyannyu Polish and Austrian social democrats, buv zvilneniy. On the 5th of spring (after the old style 23 sickles) we wilted to Bern (Switzerland), and in the fierce 1916 moved to Zurich, de alive until Thursday (following the old style to birch) 1917. About the victory in Petrograd of the Lute Revolution, Lenin recognized the Swiss newspapers in February 15 (after the old style 2 birch) 1917. 16 (after the old style 3) April 1917 Lenin turned his emigration to Petrograd. On the platform of the Finlyandsky railway station, the urochist zustrich was seen and he was handed the party ticket No. 600 of the Belarusian organization of the Viborsky side. From April to April 1917, having written over 170 articles, brochures, draft resolutions of the Bolshevik conferences and the Central Committee of the party, early. 20 lime (after the old style 7 lime) Near Petrograd, he had a chance to change 17 secret apartments, after which, until 21 days (for the old style 8 sickles) 1917, he moved not far from the city of Petrograd - at the hut behind Lake Rozliv, on the cob of corn - near Finland (Yalkala, Helsingfors, Viborg). On the cob of zhovtnya 1917 fate Lenin illegally turned from Viborg to Petrograd. 23 Zhovtnya (after the old style 10 Zhovtnya) at the meeting of the Central Committee of the RSDLP (b) on the proposal of the Central Committee by adopting a resolution on the destruction of the rebellion. 6 leaf fall (for the old style 24 zhovtnya) at the leaf to the Central Committee of Lenin, having longed to go negainoly to the offensive, arrest the Timchasovy order and take power. Smolny illegally arrived at Smolny for uninterrupted care of the dead rebels. 7th leaf fall (after the old style 25 zhovtnya) 1917 on the 2nd All-Russian Star I am glad that I was happy, we adopted Lenin's decrees about the world and about the land and a robitnicho-peasant order was created - the Rada of the People's Commissars on the island of Lenin. For 124 days of the "Smolensk period" he wrote over 110 articles, draft decrees and resolutions, wrote over 70 additional letters and promotions, wrote about 120 sheets, telegrams and notes, taking part in the editing of more than 40 sovereign and party documents. The working day of the head of RNA is three at 15-18 years. For the appointments of the Lenin period, heading for 77 meetings of the RNC, 26 meetings of the Central Committee committees, taking part in 17 meetings of the All-Russian Exhibition Center and the Presidium, preparing 6 different All-Russian Workers’ Stars. After the transfer of the Central Committee of the party and the Radyansky order from Petrograd to Moscow, on the 11th of Birth, 1918, the fate of Lenin is alive and working near Moscow. The special apartment and the working office of Lenin were placed near the Kremlin, on the third version of the big house of the Senate. At the Lipnya, born in 1918 cherubov strangled by Zbroyny the ledge of the left eserіv. On September 30, 1918, after the end of the rally at the Michelson factory, Lenin was seriously injured by the eserka F.Є. Kaplan. In 1919, Lenin’s rozі z іnіtsіativi buv creations of the third, Communist International. In 1921, on the 10th century of the RCP (b), Lenin hung up the order of the transition from the policy of "military communism" to the new economic policy (nepu). At the birch tree of 1922, the fate of Lenin was cherubing the robot of the 11th star of the RCP (b) - the remaining party star, on which he spoke. In the grass of 1922, the fate of the wines became very ill, but on the cob of corn turned to work. The rest of the public speech of Lenin on the 20th leaf fall of 1922 at the plenum of Mosradi. On December 16, 1922, the fate of the camp of healthy Lenin again sharply deteriorated, and in the spring of 1923, through the twig of wine, he moved to the suburban city of Gorki. At Moscow, the last time is June 18-19, 1923. In September 1924, the year of 1924 was marked by a sharp decline in health, and on September 21, 1924, the year was 6. 50 min. In the evening Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov (Lenin) died.
On September 23, the corpse with the body of Lenin was transported to Moscow and placed at the Columned Hall of Budinka Soyuziv. The official farewell went on for five days and nights. On the 27th of September, the string from the embalmed body of Lenin was placed near the Mausoleum, which was specially placed on Chervoniy Square (architect A.V. Shchusev). September 26, 1924, the fate of the death of Lenin 2nd All-Union Z'izd Glad to be pleased with Petroradi's rant about the renaming of Petrograd to Leningrad. The delegation of the city (about 1,000 persons) took part in Moscow at the funeral of Lenin. In 1923, the Central Committee of the RCP (b) created the Institute V.I. Lenin, and in 1932, as a result of the first association with the K. Marx and F. Engels Institute of the establishment of the Marx-Engels-Lenin Institute under the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (the Institute of Marxism-Leninism under the Central Committee of the CPSU). The Central Party Archive of the Institute is saving over 30 thousand. documents, the author of which is V.I. Ulyanov (Lenin).
Vіnsston Cherchille Pissing about Lenіna: "Zhodenlan, NІ Chingіskhan, NІ TAMERL, NІ CHINGІSKAN, was not cried with such a glorus, Yak Vіn. Non-free Mesist, Scho Virostaє ІЗ Skumpy Cold Spevchuttya, Rosisyness, Rosuminnya Realia Dіisnostі. Yoy Zbroy - Logish sympathy is cold and wide, like an ice-cold ocean, your hatred is tight, like a loop of kata, your recognition - vryatuvat light, your method - pidirvat tsey light, absolute principles, at once readiness to change principles ... Vіn throwing God, king, country, morality, court, borg, rent, interests, legitimize that zvichaї capital, throwing off the whole historical structure, such as human life... Throwing off the blame for yourself... in a moment to lead Russia out of the quakes, hustle in the swamps. (Churchill W.S., The Aftermath; The World Crisis. 1918-1928; New York, 1929).
Lenіn Buv is one of the head of the head of the "Chervonogo Teror", Scho Nabuv Nab_lsh Zhorsstokih that Masovich forms at 1919-1920, L_Kvіdatskyi Opozyinii Partіy TA їh organ_v's friend, Shaho called to Viknoennya Odnopartiino Systems, Repriseji Social "socially aliens" - nobility, pіdprіmtsіv, clergy, intellectuals, hangings from the krai її chіlny representatives, unsuitable for the policy of the new government, being the initiator and ideologist of the policy of "military communism" and "new economic policy". The author of the Sovereign Plan for the Electrification of the Country (GOELRO), apparently to a certain extent, a sprinkling of power plants was called. From Lenin's initiatives, a plan of monumental propaganda was developed: until the decree "On the monuments of the Republic" (April 12, 1918), for the special participation of Lenin, the removal of "old" monuments from the Kremlin and other places of Moscow, and the formation of the church; one hour the installation of pamphlets to the revolutionary children was carried out.
"In 1919, law faculties were liquidated at the universities, and in 1921 the People's Commissariat of Education (Narkompros), having made historical and philological sciences, made old and old for the dictatorship of the proletariat. in the newspaper "Izvestia", Lenin zazhadav vіd chekіstіv zbirati systematic vіdomostі about all professors and writers. "All these obvious counter-revolutionaries are the supporters of Entente, the organization of servants and spy guns and young learners; may be all are legitimate candidates for a hanging over the cordon.. [...] On January 19 (1922), the leader issued an instruction to Moscow "About the hanging for the cordon of writers and professors who help the counter-revolution", writing on the envelope: "To T. Dzerzhinsky. Specially, secretly, protect." For ten days of yoga, having driven a stroke. Until 18 sickle 1922. Importantly, the ailing Illich was handed over the first list of arrests, which was voiced by the decree about the hanger and the warning that unauthorized entry to the SRSR is punishable by shooting. Lenin said to the same doctor: "Today, maybe, the first day, so my head didn't hurt." [...] The first group of vygnanih otrimali in the history of the name "philosophical steamboat". [...] It was allowed to take with you to the people: one winter coat and one summer coat, one suit, two shirts, one stretcher. Everyday koshtovnosti, navіt natіlnyh khrestіv, zhodnoї books. Train Moscow - Petrograd. Let's have a rich trip to the German steamboat "Oberburgomistr Haken": call out names from the gangway, introduce one by one into the control booth, test that skin, on the dotik, through the cloth ... " . "There were a lot of steamboats and more than one train. The stinks spent a lot of months [...] until the end of fate. [...] the Crimea hanging from Moscow and Petrograd was a group of osibs, hanging from Kiev, from Odessa, from Novorossiysk University, and buli, for the recognition of Trotsky, close to 60 people, hung from Georgia.
"During the famine of 1920-1922, only five million people perished for official tribute. Cannibalism flourished unacceptably throughout the country. representatives of the ARA - the American organization of aid, stunned by Hoover, the future president of the United States, vryatuvaet in the face of starvation, the number of millions of people in the country was unknown. yat. (V.Topolyansky, "Leaders in law. Draw the physiology of Russian power")"Having created a famine in the country for the masses of bread in the villages, the leader of the revolution wrote to Molotov: "Just now, and only now, if there are a few people in the hungry masses, and hundreds, if not thousands, of corpses are lying on the roads, we can (and this is our fault) carry out the study of church values \u200b\u200bfrom the smallest of that merciless energy, without being strangled Now you need to check the audience yourself so that for a few dozen years they didn’t dare to think about some kind of opir. (Y. Olshanska, "Lenina's List" broadcast, June 21, 2002; Radio Liberty) "It is impossible to forget that Lenin at that time was already just a beacon of illness. In fact, it was necessary for him in 1922 to look like a non-judgmental sick person. what to blame and, as they said to bring empty people, to follow the mother of God for all the lives, like the wines of the head of the country. And those doctors, like they were talking about the neurasthenic syndrome in the leader, they really were saying that behind this neurasthenic syndrome there is one ailment - progressive paralysis. only the ailing one showed the first signs of progressive paralysis, which ailing negain was recognised as unjudgmental, to instill guilt in saving the best signs of judgment and childishness. cha. In 1903, Krupsk’s father succumbed to a new visip, having suffered from some kind of vein, even richly witnessed about those who visip, more for everything, a syphilitic trip, but the appearance of a visip means already a second syphilis. After 1903, a new syphilis was already developing in a new year from the progressive attacks of the vessels. Vіdpovіdnogo obstezhennya and lіkuvannya, zokrema in psychiatrіv, vіn not passing. The psychiatrist Osipov cherguvav at him without interruption, that he was simply alive at Girkah since 1923, and before that, the Germans came, and one of the first to arrive famous was Ferster, one of the greatest fahivtsiv of neurosyphilis. Forster herself, having prescribed anti-syphilitic therapy to you, was reportedly described in all medical students at that time. A long time ago, psychiatrists commemorated one marvelous river, that progressive paralysis, first of all, to bring a person to total insanity, giving him the possibility of naming productivity and practicality. Such transcendental energy can truly be seen in Lenin in 1917-1918, in 1919 roci. And the axis of beginning in 1920 was more and more often headaches, as if confused, attacks of weakness and incontinence were unreasonable for doctors. Tobto, be it a fluke, 1922 r_k - tse hour after all the important ailment of Lenin, with repeated strokes, broken witnesses, with repeated episodes of hallucinations and just madness, described by those doctors themselves. [...] A French psychiatrist, if she described a cicavi syndrome, was called "bogeville for two". As if it were divine, then the man and the team sooner or later were taken over by the ideas of the divine, and it was important to indulge who was divine. At the result, as if the divine Timchas himself had dressed him, as if the remission was coming, then the person, induced by the divine, could so save the idea in the shortcomings. I can't rule out that this cicavius syndrome can be extended to a large number of people. I do not include that Lenin simply inducted a bunch of his closest comrades-in-arms to his madder, and then for the help of radian propaganda, as he practiced, it was necessary to say, as it were, the ideas were far away from the freedom of the entire population. I, in such a rank, the Radian civilization was born. (V.Topolyansky, "Leaders in the law. Draw the physiology of the Russian government"; program "Lenina's List", 21 lipnya 2002; Radio Liberty)
Among the works of Volodymyr Illich Ulyanov (Lenin) - sheets, articles, brochures, books: "What are "friends of the people" and how do they fight against the social democrats?" (1894), "Economic Smist of Populism and Criticism of Yogo in the Book of M. Struve (Introduction to Marxism in Bourgeois Literature)" (1894-1895), "Materials to feed on the state development of Russia" (1895; article in the collection under the pseudonym "Tulіnіm" ), "The development of capitalism in Russia" (1899; the book was ordered under the pseudonym "V.Ilyin"), "Economic studies and statistics" (1899; a collection of articles under the instructions under the pseudonym "V.Ilyin"), "Protest of Russian social Democrats" (1899), "What Work? That" (1904), "Two Tactics of Social Democracy in the Democratic Revolution" (Serpen 1905), "Party Organization and Party Literature" (1905), "Materialism and Empiric Criticism" (1909) , "Critical notes on national nutrition" (1913) ), "About the right of the nation to self-determination" (1914), "Imperialism, as the newest stage of capitalism" (1916) ), "Philosophical inquiries", "War and Russian social democracy" (Manifesto of the Central Committee of the RSDLP), "About the National Pride of the Great Russians", "The Collapse of the II International", "Socialism and War", "About The successes of the States of Europe were extinguished", "The program of the proletarian revolution in the Russian Federation", "Packs of discussion about self-determination", "About the caricature of Marxism and about the" imperialist economy", "Leaves from afar" (1917), "About the task of the proletariat" in Denmark (" Quote theses"); 1917), "Political camp" (1917; theses), "Until the end" (1917), "State and revolution" (1917), "A threatening catastrophe and how to fight against it" (1917), "Why do the Bolsheviks take away sovereign power? "(1917), "The Bolsheviks are guilty of taking power" (1917), "Marxism and the rebellion" (1917), "The crisis is ripe" (1917), "For the sake of a third party" (1917), "How to organize an increase?" (breast 1917), "Declaration of the Rights of the Working and Exploited People" (September 1918; taken as the basis of the First Radianian Constitution of 1918), "Chergovy Zavodnya of the Radyansk Government" (1918), "Proletarian Revolution and Renegade Kautsky" (8) of the Central Committee of the RCP (Bolsheviks) ) in the wake of the camp of the Skhidny Front" (on Thursday, 1919), "The Great Initiative" (cherryonny, 1919), "Economics and Politics in the Era of the Dictatorship of the Proletariat" (Autumn, 1919), "From the Ruining of the Century Way to Creativity of the New" (Spring, 1920) ), "The Child of the Sickness of the "Left" in Communism" (1920), "About the Proletarian Culture" (1920), "About the food allowance (The meaning of the new policy and її mind)" (1921), "Before the chotiric river of the Zhovtnevoy revolution" (1921 ), "About the Significance of Warrior Materialism" (1922), "About the Adoption of the SRSR" (1922), "Storinki z schodenika" (breast 1922), "About cooperation" (breast 1922), "About our revolution" (breast 1922) ) , "How can we reorganize the Rabkrin (Proposition of the XII z'ezdu party)" (breast 1922), "Better less, that better" (breast 1922)
__________
Dzherela information:
Encyclopedic resource www.rubricon.com (Great Radianian Encyclopedia, Encyclopedic Guide "St. Petersburg", Encyclopedia "Moscow", Biographical Glossary "Political Soldiers of Russia 1917", Encyclopedia of Russian-American Waters, Illustrations)
Olena Olshanska, Irina Lagutina: program "Lenín's List"; June 21, 2002; Radio Liberty, Krugozir magazine Viktor Topolyansky. “Leaders of the law. Draw physiology of the Russian government, M. 1996 "Russian biographic dictionary"
Radio Liberty
Project "Russia lives!" - www.prazdniki.ru