Promoting thrifty virobnitstva, at the defense of practice. Sparingly virobnitstvo starts from a double-dealing shutter to pracіvniki. It is necessary to reorganize the cabinet for the protection of practical demonstration materials, such as

Gennady Kuzin director general's assistant
Andriy Kulikov certifier for the Center for Technology Management and Lean Manufacturing
Consulting laboratory "Innovation"

LEAN-systems (like to include the philosophy of Lean manufacturing, yogo tools (LEAN-technologies) and training staff), after the deafening success in the car room, it is already vicorist and in other rooms (including energy, metafuel, transport in.), in trade, the sphere of services, housing and communal services. Moreover, LEAN-systems are now victorious in non-commercial galuzahs - for example, in the protection of health, the state administration should inculcate it in the defense forces. Not surprising, because The approach is based on a healthy mind and a simple learning tool that helps to develop productive solutions for the most zanedbanih vipadkiv. However, LEAN-technologies have developed such a wide range in Zakhodі, while we still have them in their infancy. As a rule, we either have a small number of islands of more Radianian origins (in the SRSR, they were still chasing after novelties from a well-organized organization of virobnits, they tried to adopt foreign novelties and work with the power of research), or localized innovations of foreign companies.

Deputy of LEAN-systems - okremі LEAN-technologies

With a full-scale variation in the development of large-scale variation, a full-scale LEAN-system is being created in the company, as it permeates all equal subsystems of management. At the borders of the system, the practitioners of the enterprise are working with optimal methods (replication of the best practices). Linear kerivniks can now follow the vtrata of warfare and roam operational activities for their advancement, adoption or change. They are assisted by optimizers - specialists of the special service, who may destroy the knowledge of approaches and tools of Lean manufacturing. Management plans to conduct its activity in terms of efficiency of production, as it seems to be today, and sometimes to name it - and schogodin. Insanely, everything is supported by the savage LEAN-culture (like, before speech, they can master it in our country - apply it), if, for example, for passing through car'er gatherings, it is necessary to use language and language to make it more comfortable for the process, in a way ty pratzyuesh.

However, there is one problem with LEAN systems. The stench will be fates, and often they will manage to get by with a tidy bag (as it pays off with a year, ale z vіrazu, step by step). And why work, if you don’t have a penny for such a great right, but you want to improve your operational efficiency?

Luckily, in order to demonstrate the implementation of internal reserves, there is no need to implement a full-scale LEAN-system, you can win the very idea of ​​lean manufacturing and simple LEAN-technologies, so that you can take immediate results at once.

Insanely, the possible effect in this case will be three times smaller, lower in the cycle LEAN-system, and even increase the productivity of the practice by 1.5-2 times and even the same bad result. At the same time, with the optimization of other vitrates, we can give a significant increase in profit.

Pidhіd LEAN-technologii

A significant rise in the local development of LEAN-technologies in a cycle of 5 cycles (Fig. 1). The process of optimizing the activity of the organization starts from the development of problems. Tobto. we are to blame for revealing problems, yakі є in the follow-up process, і yakі mi virishuvatememo for the help of LEAN-technologies. Adzhe correctly formulated the task - it is half the completion of the task. Moreover, sometimes the situation develops in such a rank, if as a result of the investigation it is stated that the task is put on the back (or the problem is named) it is not such a thing, but to lie in a different circle of knowledge.

Rice. one. Hot pidhіd before optimization of virobnitstva

Therefore, in the first place, we select facts (statistics from the systems of form and control, established standards, display of accessories, photo and video recordings then) and information about the problem (the reality of that turn / causes of incidents, thoughts of participants in the process, forward information, look at the problem then ). Behind the bags, a lot of problems and an array of information about them are formed.

At another stage, an array of information is analyzed in order to get to the bottom of the root causes: “Why blame such a problem?”. It’s also an important crock, shards for taking away a stable result, it’s necessary, seeming like a doctor’s mine, to treat us in front of an ailment, and not її symptoms.

After that, as the root causes are identified, it is possible to proceed to the development of solutions for optimization. She starts from the third crock, on which way we can look for possible solutions. As practice shows, the most important solution can be known in advance, and for the most varied technologies (for example, “Optimization Funnel”, 5C toshko) - they can be a little bit.

On the fourth stage, the proposals are evaluated from the point of view of their effectiveness, in order to choose the best ones, and then we will develop and implement the plan for getting into the implementation. To the point, it is categorically impossible to forget the development of the plan of entry in the fact that the follow-up and optimization of the process is impossible to overcome in a vacuum, that is. change in one process, as a rule, change in the sum of the processes.

A lot of business enterprises forget about work 5, and wine is even more important when optimizing processes, because at the boundaries of which crochet the result of stagnation is fixed. For additional standardization of activity, monitoring of parameters and other technologies for fixing the solution of the situation, do not give an hour before the cob mill. For the pіdbags of the fifth crochet, a stable solution can be found. After that, as the process is perfected, some parameters are changed, you can proceed again to section 1. This cycle has an iterative nature of optimization: there is no more perfection!

Tsey pіdhіd nagaduє scientific method. Recognize the volody of yoga as a part of objectivity, vimirnost, evidence, etc. Alecia vin dosit forgiveness, tk. in fact, it’s less about ordering in your own thoughts and searching for ideas, which can grow a skin of a reasonable person. We have nothing foldable, we manage in projects without Newton's binomial and navit without square lines. However, due to the discipline in the zastosuvannі іnstrumentarіyu, vіdmovі in calm self-deception in case of zіknennі s real facts of the robotic organization and readiness to іnnovatsіy.

"Business diagnostics" or "Team for optimization"?

The link to LEAN technologies can be mentally subdivided into two approaches:

• Business Diagnostics
• Team for optimization

Behind the shoulders of the team of our fahіvtsіv є projects implemented both by the authorities of consultants (“Business Diagnostics”), and by the client’s assistants under the mentorship of consultants (“Team for Optimization”). The skin disease has its own problems.

For example, business diagnostics allows you to look at the organization with an independent (expert) look. For rahunok I will get the results of the consultations with the consultants exactly, and the project itself will be implemented more quickly.

In the course of the project "Business-diagnostics", the client's specialists may be obtained for the collection of information or clarification of a few nuances in the solution of problems. In other areas, there may also be a request for expert expertise on specific diets.

For the support of the project, the zamovnik takes away the solution of problems (declared by the zamovnik himself or revealed during the course of diagnostics) - for example, a set of approaches to improve operational efficiency and productivity of the practice. Of course, if necessary, materials are developed for replication of the knowledge of the best practices.

From the other side, who knows the processes of organizing the middle more for the people, how do they work there? Therefore, in the projects of the "Team for Optimization" series, the rate is to fight for the sponsors of the organization. The stench better understand your undertaking, that needs more help and more reserves. At the same time, the term for the project of the exchange, to that it is possible to learn the simplest optimization tools, which can be mastered in a single day.

In the course of the project, the client’s interviews will undergo theoretical training on the basics of Lean manufacturing, after which they will work together with consultants on the organization’s problems and develop solutions for optimal optimization. With the help of optimists, they protect their initiatives before the entrepreneurship.

Upon completion of the project "Team for Optimization" undertaking, we will outline the solution of our problems, we will also take into account a group of faculty members, so that they can carry out similar projects independently, without consultants.

Tse pratsyuє, yakscho robiti correctly

However, blame the food - why is everything so simple, why do you need to implement LEAN technologies in businesses everywhere?

On the skin s krokiv є іnstrumenti, yakі dotsilno on the new vikoristovuvat (if you want to deakie їх it is possible to zastosovuvat on the іnshih kroki). There are a lot of such tools, and decisions, which are more likely to win for the follow-up, to lay down the specifics of the task and training of the optimizers.

For example, at the stage of gathering facts and information, it is recommended that optimisers-pochatkivtsy vikoristovuvat іnstrumenti, vіbrazhenі in fig. 2.

Rice. 2. Tools for gathering facts and information

However, all the instruments at any stage must be mastered competently. The use of tools “about every change” or “crim sleeves” - not only “spoiling” the resource of optimizers, but pardoning the decision, which can cost the organization too much.

We have our own trained team for optimization, we are ready for practice, while explaining the nuances of that other tool. For example, for the hour of the interview, using the method of optimization for the sake of research:

1. Choose the interview method and get ready.
   • Lyudina, as you are choosing to interview, it will be close to the year, so you can hear from me, even if you won’t, as a rule, on the job. The coming time of wine may not come soon. To spend this hour effectively, in the first hour, decide for yourself what you yourself want to know. "Knowledge about problems" - not meta. About the problems of whom or what? For the whole day, what for the whole month? And if you say that there are no problems, then what did you give?
   • Visitors from meti Іnterv'yu, store their own food (opituvach, іnterv'yu-guide). For one year, you can put no more than 10-15 questions. This list is supplemented by control over the interview. Ale zhorstko dotremuvatisya yoga can not consume, as in the interview you "digged up" as obediently - you can rejoice in order to put a sprat of supplementary food.
   • Wait for the date of that hour of the interview so that the interview will be successful for you. It is not recommended for an interview more than a year old, because over the course of a year, a person wakes up, swears in a short time, and sometimes starts to get angry.
2. In the interview, tell me about the interview
   • Usіh people tієyu chi іnshoy іroy lakaє nevodomіst. Better for everything, for your interviewer, it will be the first interview with the optimizer, to explain in a nutshell what you are choosing to work with him: tell us about the method of speaking, what you will inquire and what you will be asked in front of.
   • Try not to get used to "unsafe" words. Unfortunately, the word “optimization” in Russia has a negative connotation and is often directly associated with mass movements, although you don’t want to be so. Vykoristovyte "euphonious" formula: increase in the productivity of work, decrease in vitrate, improve the processes of meager.
3. Interview double (if you want the first hour)
   • The cost of spending information is decreasing, especially if you like to speak richly and fluently during interviews.
   • Decrease like a risk of emotional rejection of a spy, because It is such a river, like a misunderstanding of the mind (just to the fact that all people are different). If you are going to speak in pairs, the amount of inconsistency of the interviewed by the optimizers will change dramatically.
   • In the skin є psychological filter spray. Who loves football, who loves dubstep. Those that we call - we hear respectfully and remember, and sometimes we miss the call. If there were fewer missed ones, it would take twice as long to go to the interview.
4. Conduct interviews, don't let them self-fuel
   • Sometimes you love to roztіkatisya "dumko on wood" and go to the netrі, yakі do not think until the right. Softly, tactfully, but rather awkwardly to turn the speaker to the interview.
   • Sometimes, navpaki, they seem sparingly and reluctantly. Do not be afraid to repeat those same nutrition, but in other words (voice CHKGKKSP - div.
   • As if they smelled the name of some kind of documentation, unknown to anyone, ask them to marvel at once, or write down її requisites, so that we can know later.
5. Write down
   • Write it down. Hundreds of people with a phenomenal memory of more than Malia, you are unlikely to be one of them. To that, it seems that you can remember everything - self-deception is more likely.
   • If it’s possible and if you don’t block it, then use the voice recorder. Ale obov'yazkovo yogo about tse ahead (from mirkuvan etiki).
   • After composing the information about the interview, for whom systematize the received information. As a rule, the interviews were carried out in pairs - turn between yourself.
6. Save contact (for the end of the interview)
   • Say goodbye to the interviewer
   • Get your contact details (especially valuable mobile phone number)
   • Feed the permission to roam with the most nutritious food nadali
   • In order to apply for new Winickles, wait for one more interview.

It would have been given, for the sake of simplicity and to make it “obvious”. However, even if you want to oppose one of them, the effectiveness of the interview can be greatly affected. The optimizer took a little time to do it, so that he could allow himself such freedom.

Problem Description

As a result of the first stage of optimization, facts and information about the problem will be collected. Tse is more important, because It is possible to make specific decisions only after a detailed analysis of the current data. From the first glance, it is important to understand the “problem” and its correct interpretation.

In everyday life, a problem is called a lack of chogos, and various unacceptable situations, and the consequences of such situations, and severe discomfort. From the same time, it is necessary to identify the problem, so that among the optimizers (and optimizers) it was unambiguously reasonable, which can be on the verge (which is still quite thorough).

Within the framework of projects to optimize the variability and administrative and managerial processes, it is important that the problem is the calculus assessment of the delta between the necessary (healthy, normal, normative) and streamline process.

For example, we call the problem:

• Vidobutok oil 90 tons/production instead of planned 100 tons/production.
• Competence in the preparation of chemical products 15 rubles / kg instead of planned 12.
• Review of documentation from the purchase of material and technical resources in advance for 10 days, in order to meet the standard no more than 5.

Why is it better to write down the problems yourself in such a way? On the right, in the fact that this process can be low, it allows you to efficiently carry out optimization work. Among them:

Accuracy The vimiryuvanny pokaznik allows you to accurately identify the problem area without using "smart" assessments ("bad", "good", "insufficient" thinly)

Objectivity Concrete vimіri not lie in the minds of a few people, but really objective.

Fixation of the vacant state In optimization projects, it is important to show the starting point of the transformation, so that you can give a check to change options for molding and choose the best of them.

Evidence of the effectiveness of a broken solution The solution can be straightened out to solve the identified problem. At zv'yazku z tsim assessment of the skin solution should be carried out in addition, as far as possible, the gap between the necessary camp and the exit. Tse will be proof of the correctness of the broken choice.

Evaluation of optimization progress Under the hour of the implementation of the opposite solution, it is possible to achieve success in the world by changing the problematic show. As soon as I enter to the necessary (target, normative) I will - let me know that the problem has been eliminated.

In the light of the above-mentioned, skin-specific solution, the mother is to blame for the most significant configuration of the problem area. Figuratively, apparently, the following was a key, which would maximally fit the identified problematics (Fig. 1). Most of the time, it is not so easy to learn, it is recommended that you use special tools to analyze the problem.

For example, such a solution, like outsourcing, at first glance, we will add solutions, but remember that it can be buried in your own water stones. In order to change the yoga efficiency, the result is a low forward success.

Problem analysis tools

At the stage of analysis of the problematics, the role of scrupulous pidkhid plays an important role, shards for the achievement of a stable result are necessary, hanging on to the medical language, exalting us in front of the ailment itself, and not the symptoms.

Rice. 3. Tools for problem analysis

Among such tools:

Cause tree- Structuring a graphical pattern of logical interrelationships from the identified problem to the causes and vindication. As a result, the scheme appears near the tree. This tool helps to get to the root causes of the problems that are being blamed.

Description of the business process, ostensibly, - the contribution of the sequence of operations, vikonuvannymi pracivniki, from the transformation of input resources (syrovins, materials, components) into the result of scaling the result from the additional benefits of practical work, up to the installed technology. Depending on the specifics of the problem for stimulating the business process, you can use the quotes, for example, ARIS, IDEF0, Gilbreth's notation. The business process helps to know the nestings of the rozpodіlі ponovazhen spіvrobіtnikіv, dublyuvannya or, navpaki, sagging vіdpovіdalnostі for okremi operations.

flow diagram- Forgiveness described the flow of napіvfabrikatіv according to the maidan chirp and vikonuvanih operations on them. When all operations are divided into those that bring value to the client, that is spent. As a result, it is possible to analyze how efficient the flow is, to find out the main costs and how you can come in to help with the rationing in them.

Theory of the exchanged system get out of that which has a skin working activity, representations in front of a flow, in a narrow place - a working place with the least possible productivity. Above those - the productivity of the entire stream is dependent on the productivity of the narrowest month itself. To that, as the task of improving the virobnitstv is set, then the optimization needs to be started from the “embroidery” of such a working area. The theory of the exchange of the system was broken up in its time by E. Goldratt and the rest of the time, more and more often enter the basic set of optimizer tools.

risk matrix– the purpose of displaying possible risks on the coordinate plane with the axes “moving the risk” and “criticality of the risk” (so that the scales will be heavy for the risk). At the time of the existence of reliable data, the assessment of the significance of the values ​​can be taken by experts. It is logical that in the first quarter it is necessary to deal with risks with the greatest efficiency and criticism.

The Matrix of Consciousness allows you to analyze the qualifications of personnel. Horizontally, the stages of the manufacturing process (operations) are displayed, along the vertical line - spivrobitniki. One of the signs is put on the peretina:

• “You know, because take part in the operation"
• "You know, I don't want to take part in the operation"
• "Don't know, but you can easily learn"
• "Don't know, and it's important to learn"

The matrix of coherence allows you to reveal the "override" of qualifications among working positions and to evaluate the ability and effectiveness of modern professions, the union of working places and specializations of practitioners in specific operations.

Priority of solving problems

Є one aspect of how to process thoroughly. On the right, in that the resources of the agents of change are not without borders, it is important to rank the priorities of the top problems and the reasons that they give rise to. Tobto. optimizers can optimize their own performance, achieving the maximum effect.

How tse robiti? For whom it is possible to win such a tool as a Pareto diagram (Fig. 4), which can be avenged along two axes: the effect of the usunennia causes that lightness of the usunennia. The skin cause of the problem can be put like a point on the coordinate plane.

Rice. 4. An example of assessing the priority of the reasons assigned (indicated by numbers) for additional Pareto diagrams

In such a rank, we take away some “suzir'ya” reasons. For yakі їх sліd brothers us forward? Clearly, that is in the upper right quadrant, because їhnє usunennya bring maximum effect with minimum stained zusil.

Sometimes blame nutrition, as you can match the parameters of various reasons. For whom you can zasosuvat two approaches:

• Expert assessment
• Transfer to unified indications (rub., Chol * year)

Having sunk a part of the reasons behind the solution, you can once again analyze the Pareto problem and proceed until you get tired of it.

Vtrati on staff is the key

Співробітники консалтингової лабораторії «Відкриті інновації», виходячи зі свого досвіду роботи з провідними вітчизняними підприємствами (нафтогазова, залізнична, хімічна, енергетична, машинобудівна та ін. галузі), визначили типову структуру основних елементів витрат, характерну для середнього вітчизняного промислового підприємства, а також потенціал the shortness of these data will increase the possibility of its implementation (Fig. 5). The biggest priority in terms of effect and feasibility of implementation were vitrati that cost the staff (both virobnichiy and administrative and managerial).

Rice. 5. Typical rozpodіl vitrat vіtchiznyany industrial enterprise

It is important that the shortfall of the staff, the reduction in the cost of the fund for the payment of expenses for social expenses, allows for the security of the reduction:

• spending on purchases, maintenance and repairs;
• vitrat on overalls, protection of work toshcho;
• vitrate with DMS and eating (in different cases);
• vitrate for service purposes (electric supply, scorching, water supply only);
• managerial and administrative vitrates (office, transport vitraty and int.).

It is also an important effect of the shortness of time for the staff - the promotion of transparency of care under the patronage. In addition, it is possible to get "ballast" and deprive only the best spivrobnitniks (if the optimization is carried out correctly). The light of the window on the staff is the key to solving the problem of promoting the supply of business enterprises.

Thrifty virobnitstvo as a philosophy of management can have three main goals. Persha - zvedennya to a minimum of tim hourly expenses. The other is the given scale of the variability according to the needs of the market, the real guarantees of peace of mind. Nareshti, third, it’s possible to reach the yak only with the reach of the first two, - a decrease in vitrat and an increase in quality.

With this decrease in volatility, that saving of resources is achieved not only by short-term volatility of materials, which can be recognized for the quality of products, but by a much faster process and optimization of reserves, more effective recovery of possession.

The quality of products has always been the main priority of the Bryansk machine-building plant. KVITVI 2010 Rock, Schob Optimal Knight Prazi, Minimizuvati Traumatism, Viclichiti Zaywi Vrobnichi TALISTICH TO Tsim PIMVICHITI, on the PIDPRIMMISHI, the Vobrobnachi system of transmashcholding, the inclusion of vibrations.

Following the accepted methodology, the choice of sparing virobnitstva should be carried out in stages - the so-called pilot plots. How to remain the primary virobnicheskie dilyanki, on which the stylist terms (6-8 tyzhnivs) are used, the basic tools of sparing virobnitsia are implemented: the 5S system, visualization, assessment of risks for the protection of work. All the same, we allow the reach of obvious changes in the minds of the practitioners and themselves to get the practitioners to the process of modernization.

The first such yard at the BMZ was the yard of wheel pairs of the visco shop. Here is the Bulo of the Bulo of the Complex Complex of the Otchadniy Vrobnitvva: the organized system of the timid miStsya 5s (VID Eng. "5 Krokiv" - a varietal, Dotorimannya, a ugly in the purity, standardization), Vizuinnoye, napithais, napi the solution is as fast as possible), mapping the flows of the creation of values ​​(KPSS - a very schematic representation of the selection processes, which allows you to quickly improve and solve problem areas), complex delivery and other. Behind the river with a new picking system, 8 farmers were far away, and by the end of 2012, the number had increased to 30.

The very beginning of 2012, a large-scale restructuring and optimization of production began at the beginning of the enterprise. We enlarged the main workshops and upgraded all their processes to the production system of Transmashholding. As a result, 11 workshops were converted into 5 workshops: cold-pressed, viscous, frame-body, shunting and main diesel locomotive workshops.

We have optimized the warehouse state, having brought the warehouses close to the warehouses of the Maidanchiks, and having secured all the components of the storage. They also carried out a reorganization of the energy state, reducing the cost of transferring heat and electricity, and as a result, increasing the efficiency of the use of these resources.

In 2014, roci at the plant began to introduce energy-saving technologies. It was for this reason that six new boilers were put into operation, which would scorch the brewers and the other uses. 24 gas-generator installations were installed, taking into account the peculiarities of their design, which allow significant savings in energy resources. In three workshops, infrared vibrators were installed for heat supply.

For the first time, a single dispatch center was created for the management of the plant's energy system. With this help, you can in real time monitor the furnaces of the boilers, supply a compressed air and other processes, and control them more smut. All this made it possible to reduce by a factor of four the savings of natural gas, udvіchі - elektroenergії i vіdklyuchatisya narešti vіd vіd vіd vіtratnoї teploektrotsentralі.

ETALONNE ENTERPRISE

At the world of zastosuvannya of virobnichoї systems at BMZ, they moved from pіlotnyh dіlyanok to vibudovuvannya etalonnyh lіnіy kіntsevy goods. The first such standard was the line of selection, frame welding and production of shunting diesel locomotives. It is customary to use such a line as a standard, for which the most efficient use of the tools of gentle selection is carried out. The very standard line sets the rhythm of work for all post-employees, both internal and external. In fact, it is a normal working assembly line, which includes non-essential moving and labor costs. All parts and components are to be sent to the line with the obov'yazkovy reverification of the quality, so that the processing is not lost. As having shown the monitoring of robots to the workshop of shunting diesel locomotives, the number of defects in its products decreased by 30%. Withdrawals at this dealership were transferred to other workshops of the plant - main diesel locomotives and viscos.

The development of a virobnichos system is impossible without a healthy work of all services - from an engineering center to a skin-friendly worker. The facsimiles of the engineering center are put together and constantly improve the technological sequence of operations, expand the equipment and special attachments, test the design and technological improvements in order to optimize the trivality of operations. Workers, with their own blacks, summarily tie their shoes.

In order to get the staff to the organization of a prudent variability, at the BMZ it was developed that a lot of systems of motivation were developed: labor superpower, the ability to make propositions as soon as possible, rationalization diyalnist.

For example, for the skin accepted rationalization, the vikonovets take pennies. As soon as self-taught is realized, the sum is increased four times. For propositions that bring an obvious economical effect, add characteristics that reduce the metal capacity of the fibers, the enterprise pays significantly more money.

No less important tool for motivation is a broad audit of the production system, which is carried out by Transmashholding. In the course of such revisions, as they sound, they take a few days, the audience evaluates the system for five straight lines: organization of management, organization of production, preparation of production, level of quality and quantity of deliveries. As a result, the leather factory has a single rating, which, insanely, stimulates competition between enterprises. The Bryansk Machine-Building Plant does not rest on its own, but continues to perfect the manufacturing process.

You can find typical instructions, templates and algorithms for starting a LEAN project ata practical helper for the promotion of lean manufacturing .

The nylyzhchy prospects have a prompting Etalonnoye Zbiranny Magistrail heat, the barrier to the “supermarket” at the Varivolnoye Vobnitvivi, and the systematical zbergagnnya, the region of the details of the 100% dials, the hunting systems, the hunting systems. Do not forget on the undertaking and steady training of spivrobitnikiv, working on the basic principles and tools of sparing virobnitstv. In addition, the BMZ plans to expand its production system for supply chains of components, in order to promote prosperity and the quality of sound work.

DIRECT MOVA

OLEKSANDR VASILENKO, General Director of BMZ:

— The main meta-promotion of thrifty manufacturing at the Bryansk Machine-Building Plant — ensuring the competitiveness of the enterprise. Aje sparing versatility is the whole ideology, which includes the correct service, the culture of versatility, the competent development of technological flows, and the reduction of the product cost. It is not less important when the appointment of practitioners to practice, to changes that are required. In my opinion, we are far away from zatsikavit people, get them to the new virobnicho system.

PAVEL KOVALENKO, director of development of the BMZ production system:

— Development of the brewing system for the plant in parallel with the 2012 roci modernization of brewing. We analyzed the selections of lancers, gave some details on outsourcing, corrected the organization of the process. As a result, the issue of main diesel locomotives was increased. At the road map for Transmashholding, for some reason, there are the same principles of sparing variability, as for IRIS - the International Standard for Railroad Industry. That is why our plant easily switched to this standard and otrimav v_dpov_dny certificate. I will also add that the company Alstom (one of the largest machine-building companies in the world), which stood for the holding’s production system, conducted an audit at BMZ, confirmed the status of our undertaking as a superior partner, and made it to the base of post-employment workers for three years.

M.R. Mikhailova

V.A. Lapidus at the forefront of the book "Lean Manufacturing" /1/ I rightly respect that Russia missed a whole era in management. It is not surprising that the entrepreneurs of the enterprises and their subdivisions recognize the serious difficulties associated with the great number of systems, methods and models that were "called" in the rest of the world. Among them, for example, Global Quality Management, international models, and based on Russian standards ISO 9000 and 14000 series, Balanced the system of indicators, "Six Sigma", "Benchmarking", "Lean selection" /1,2,3/.

For the rest, it’s fair that there is also a strong assertion about the viability of the whole in Russian culture, the understanding of “compassion”, regardless of the fact that the entrepreneurs often declare the need for resource conservation. You can apply it to bring some kind of gallus of activity.

Dosledzhennya allow to confirm, that one of the factors, which to reduce the efficiency of resource use, is the failure of the practice to reveal the root, deep causes of the failure of the processes. Let's bring up such figures that confirm, including, s mark business etiquette, their addressing.

As an example, it is taken from the rest of the fates, so that I will become safer minds to protect the work of one of the great firms. For the obvious tribute to the remaining fates, go to the funeral of the practice, the company stained glass is close to 1% of the operational windows, which becomes a significant amount. In this pet, the dermal virility of the dermatologist usually increases by more than 20% against the previous period. It is absolutely obvious that the increase in spending on the protection of the practice is accompanied, no wonder, by an increase in the number of accidental injuries and occupational illness.

For famous tributes at the enterprises of firms, more than 5% of practitioners are at work every day because of the causes of virobnicheskih injuries and illnesses. According to the group of analyzes of businesses, 100 practitioners fall on the average 1223 days of non-proceeding. Chi rich tse chi little? Evaluation of the value of food can be achieved by using the "Professor Notkin's scale" (div. table), scoring the assessment of business activity /4/.

Professor Notkin's scale

Like Bachimo, the analysis of enterprises can be seen up to the group high step of gravity, scho, insanely, є a serious problem.

Whether there are problems, including a high level of accidental injuries, professional illnesses, they will require a resolution, for which you should call at the enterprises, plans are being made to enter and correct. It is understood that such a document can be more specific, grounded, and based on the exact assessment comes from the designated singing terms of their vikonannya. In practice, it is not uncommon for prote to be led to posterize the direct protilezhnіst tsom.

It should be noted that we carried out a regular analysis of such plans for rich business enterprises, starting from the radian period, then at the "perebudovi" period, we continue at the same time. You can confirm that the warehouse has little, that has changed for such a significant interval of time. Zokrema, "Priority plan for reducing the incidence of causative injuries in 2005", divisions in the organization, taken for reference in this article, consists of 21 points. From them, five or more positions can be entered with specific ones and address ones, two - with addresses, or those that avenge the threat of punishment. Other 14 wear went out character: "Property:", "Safety:", "Move:", "Strength:", etc.

Please note that the plans for correct entries are formed in this style after the practice of wine, and not revealing the root causes of foreboding problems that are to be blamed. We have already published proofs of this /5,6/.

In the case of the most important investigation of deviations of the normative violations, it could be completed by ascertaining the guilt, the reasons for the 1st, at the last time, the 2nd, and the installation of the blame for the others. The right reasons that caused the nebazhane of the bottom, sound, are overwhelmed by the underwater part of the "iceberg". A "cap" of the standard form of zvіtnostі about vipadki slubu was put on the little one, which is supported by the enterprises of one of the transport galuzes to the head organization.

Rice. Zvіtnostі form "Analysis of the security of traffic"

The translation of the columns indicates that this document cannot be called an "Analysis", but in a new place it is more than a statement of the case, the place of their journey and that of the wine industry. Evidently, the main organization to clap at the result remains - wine enterprises that are being established, ring out, from a single method of winding up the strikes and putting on another tightening.

Tim, for an hour, the skin breaks my own glybinnu cause, i koriguyuchy inflow may be buti straightening itself on її usunennya. Bagatorіchnі dlіdzhennya tsієї problems at the enterprises of the Khіdno-Sibіrskiy region, as conducted by us, confirm the origin of the superiority of the two reasons that are blamed on the illiterate chi nedbalogo management. We will direct one of the numerical applications, as we can. In Irkutsk on March 30, 2005, the rock began to vibrate through the fire of calcium carbide, which is regularly controlled by a zvarnik at the sewer hatch. Under this, a girl suffered - one of the participants in the fall of poplar fluff, which caused it to vibuha.

In the TV commentaries, they explained that there are robots in the field of special container was not installed, which should be appropriate for the mother to receive specific inputs during the hour of the production of zvaruvalnyh robots. At the same time, the resident of the administration of the place categorically zapevniv TV viewers that " vinny at what happened, zvaryuvalnik, which will be about punishment - wine is not guilty call out at the hatch."

Tim an hour, the brewer can have such alternative ways of disposing of inputs: to the nearest bushes (planting to perish, throwing a sirnik or not burning up to a fire), in a smіtєvu urn (the same is real unsafe littering) or in a sewer hatch (which option is available on the number of with the unsafe). It doesn't matter if you try to find out the reason for it. Here it is not necessary to develop a causal-inheritance diagram, it is enough to use the simplest method "Five Why" for explaining the cause. Until then, the right reason is already assigned to another "why" unsatisfactory organization of harvesting, which was expressed in job insecurity necessary, with which we will simplify, possessed.

Oskіlki vіtchiznyany vykonavets, as a rule, can not real law initiate the process, if there is damage to your organization, wine zmusheny continue pratsyuvati on your fear that risk. Inodi - cerizik spend life.

Chotiri rocky to that on one of the Irkutsk business trips, there is a deadly fall. Vіn pіshov through the fall of the molyar from the budіvelnі lіsіv, the working maidanchik yah appeared more equal before vikon masonry. For the rules of safety technology, the flooring is lisiv or rishtovannya, buti lower equal masonry is not less than two її rows lower. When laying masonry in unsafe situations, the vikonovets are guilty of praccyuvati, fastening to stable structures with a belt.

In this case, the organizers of the selection are also a critical situation has been created: it was allowed to set up laws with violations of the norms; Let me explain, zokrema, tim, that on rich undertakings and various resumes of scientists on claims, how practitioners speak: "If it doesn't fit - go!". Tse is one of the examples of profound illiteracy in the field of management.

It’s a pity, applying such znevagi to the practitioners could lead to impersonality. It is not for the native in the same way, for the minds for the minds of the Bezobitty Khefizynti, called the upper, the Optimal is the Optimal Mesh I will become a nervous of 15, 25, more than the wids of the middle-sedentary (Dan) of the rock on the hands of the schematic sib. Фахівцям добре відомі наслідки надлишкової плинності - підприємство лихоманить, немає можливості налагодити справжню командну роботу, різко знижується якість результатів праці окремих працівників та діяльності підприємства в цілому, марно витрачаються кошти на професійно-кваліфікаційне навчання працівників, виникає безліч втрат іншого.

In this rank, the turns of conciliatory warfare, in our opinion, are crying out, first for everything, in a double setting to the headiest resource, be it an organization - people, to learn how to go about investigating the reasons for a pardon, assuming a fault. Without this, it is impossible to help the personnel, who do not allow their own staff to reinvest in the overall success of any repair, including the improvement of the flow of value in the style of a stingy (resource-saving) labor.

List of victorious literature

Womack J.P., Jones D.T. Gentle virobnitstvo. Yak pozbutisya vtrat and access to the prosperity of your company: Per. from English – M.: Alpina Business Books, 2004. – 473 p.

Liker J.K. DAT Toyota. 14 principles for the management of a leading company in the world: Prov. from English - M: Alpina Business Books, 2005. - 402 p.

Rother M. Shook J. Vchіtsya bachiti biznes-protsesi. The practice of prompting cards of streams of value creation: Per. from English – M.: Alpina Business Books, 2005. – 144 p.

Kucherin N.A. Decreased timing of incompetence in industrial enterprises. - M: Politvidav, 1991. - 255 p.

Mikhailova M.R., Pozdeva N.S. Technique of piston investigation of the causes of the quality problem //Methods of quality management. - 2002. - No. 1. - P.11-13.

Mikhailova M.R., Olinovich N.A. Modern approach to safe transportation - Zb: Resource-saving technologies for railroad transport. T. 2. - Krasnoyarsk: View of "Grotesque", 2005. - S. 435 - 440.

One of the main warehouses at the rich-faceted robot of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the metro station Naberezhni Chovni and the region "Zakam'ya" with the initiative of the head of the її board of directors Yu. Petrushin, today it has become the promotion of the concept of sparing development in the business community of the Republic of Tatarstan and the adjacent territories. The traces of the 21st century, especially in Russia, the centuries of a dbaylivogo gospodaryuvannya that budgetary management, seem to be necessary to master the tools of a thrifty industry, in small and medium-sized enterprises - moreover, independently in the profile of their own business.

The demand for this was shown by the organization of representative forums organized by the Chamber jointly with the BAT "KAMAZ" with the participation of reputable lean-trainers from Japan and the USA, as well as other thematic presentations.
Nadal systematically and systematically becoming a direct development of new creations under the Chamber and the director of S. M. Tereshchenko, the initial certification center of the CCI Prof-Intech, which is in a row with a similar center at the Kazan State Technical University named after O.M. Tupolev zgіdno z Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Tatarstan є basic at the right expansion and promotion of Lean Production methods. The very tsim are engaged in certification of fahivtsі of the department "Lean manufacturing" - conducting mid-sixth working class.
For a short hour, the CCI "Prof-Intech" held initial seminars and courses for practitioners of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Republic of Tatarstan, low enterprises of Naberezhnye Chovniv, as well as other places of Tatarstan and Udmurtia. Zovsіm recently the center won three tenders, otrimavshi the right to nauchannya technologies of sparing virobnitstvu staff at great enterprises and in organizations, distribution on the territory of three municipal districts of the republic - Almetievskogo, Єlabuzki and Menzelinskogo.

Bіlya vitokіv

The crisis, which swelled in 2008, made everyone think about how to get out of the situation. The order is given to the largest enterprises, especially those that create mystique, to strengthen the support. How can you be inspired, without figuring out the crises in nature, that the auto industry and the financial sector (banks) have suffered the most?
In our opinion, the current crisis cannot be of an economic nature. The world is known at the folding and trivial stage of the transition from the "market of the virobnik" to the "market of the spare".
The first signal about the sun on the cob of the 1980s, if Japanese passenger cars were rapidly evading the domestic American market. Confused by such a phenomenon, American car builders created a fund and organized a subsequent project. For a stretch of five years, the whole light car market was resolutely completed. In the process of such a search, the term lean production was born, which is now being translated as a thrifty variability.
The authors have added a note that the decision of a significant part of the American economy to win over Japanese cars means a change in the economic formation. The hour of “mass warfare” is being taken away, the “hour of thrifty warfare” is coming. From the analysis carried out, it was clear that in order to move to a new type of production, it would be necessary to change the adoption of two speeches, as it is really important to change: management and mentality.
The concept of prudent virobnitstva is directly related to the fight against the waste of all activities in all spheres of activity. Although the main ideas were published by G. Ford, there was no reason to talk about a fundamentally different style of management, about a different style of thought, both middle and lower levels in the structure of an organization.
Svіt vyyavivsya do not cook until tsoy. The concept of viability has not yet been blamed for being kind in front of the gentleman, the vital role of the human factor in any company has not yet become obvious. It's a pity, for more enterprises this stage has not yet come.
For example, one of the founders of thrifty winemaking, Norman Bodek, in an interview with the magazine "Quality Progress" in 2001. estimating the number of American companies, which are forgiving, at about 2%. Svіtovі avіgіganti zbirayutsya for the chergovy times zanizhuvati vtrati slyah zbіlshennya robіtnikіv, wanting good to know that this way is a dead end. For example, AvtoVAZ, 2005 having sold the products to the warehouse, he would help to remember the fall of the drink.

Vіd faktorіv galmuvannya - principіv transition

The transition to a system of sparing selection is not easy on the right.
Toyota needed close to 30 years to get through this path first. Ninі tse can be robiti richly shvidshe.
On the right, in that the transition from mass production to a sparing hour does not require especially serious contributions, does not need to purchase on the road, does not need to switch to new technologies. It would be better to change the culture of business management, the system of mutual relations between different equals and subdivisions of businesses, the system of value orientation of partners and their mutual blueprints.
However, with this blame, the number of problems is low, or "the water of ignorance."
First of all, we do not know the world's modernity of the sparing traditional production. We do not have a new notification about the market for blue. We continue to work those who are able to work, and not those who need the buyers. We don't care about the support of our partner.
In another way, with the transition to thrifty variation, which transfers the dynamic change of processes, norms, standards, it is not necessary to consolidate plantings, functional bindings and stray in the categories of “functionality” and “development”.
Quite often, in practice, attention is paid to the fact that the introduction of Kaizen propositions is a functional language of the practitioner, which leads to a mutual understanding, and, as a result, the galmu is actively involved in practicing the methods of lean manufacturing.
Thirdly, we do not have specialists, as if they could transfer new knowledge to practitioners.
In the practice of holding competitions for the preparation of practitioners for viperedzhalny training (where rightly included directly “sparing selection”), the victory was established by the Federal Law of 21.07.2005. No. 94-FZ “On the placement of a loan for the supply of goods, work, service for state and municipal needs” is given not to the primary centers that specialize in superior training, but to the initial mortgage, which gives a lower price. At whom the competition can be won (and practically tse maє mіsce) by the primary organization, yakі mayut nі qualіfіfіkovanyh vkladachiv, nі іnіnіchalnyh programs.
Fourthly, we may have methods for retraining practitioners in the field of sparing virobnitstv.
With the implementation of the implementation of the principles and methods of careful selection of the most relevant work with the staff. Methodologically, three forms of work with personnel are distinguished: education, training and education.
For enlightenment, presentations, short-hour seminars of consultants-professionals are typical.
Under the hour of preparation of practitioners until the completion of specific tasks before the river lectures, problem-practical seminars, and some trainings.
However, practice shows that neither in the first, nor in the other way, one can reach serious success.
For that, the principles of the principles of the scened vibrors were eagerly mastered by the staff of the postpovo by the new norm of the organized disposal of the izhtelectic, the mother -in -law resource, the non -perishable personnel of the puppy of the prime ministry of the primeary vibration of the vibrant vibrant,

Put new numbers

The work of promoting the principles and tools of a thrifty manufacturing process is the process of developing a manufacturing manufacturing system. It starts from the establishment of the goals of undertaking that yogo structural arrangements. Причому якщо раніше цілі визначалися в основному виконанням виробничих планів (нерідко за будь-яку ціну), то за умови переходу організації на принципи ощадливого виробництва мети виражаються показниками, спрямованими на виявлення та ліквідацію втрат (за трудомісткістю, матеріаломісткістю, енергоємністю, зниження витрат на виправлення slubu toscho) . d.). A similar principle of transition from a traditional form of management to a lean one is successfully implemented in such great enterprises as KAMAZ and GAZ, in many other firms and companies.
In order to reach the goals, a clear plan of entry (dіy) is developed, which determines the warehouse of the team and the victories for the skin from the indications.
The team is formed from the bezperednіh vikonavtsіv process. Ideologist and organizer of the team’s work is the leader of the organization (enterprise), which puts the task “What to work?” in front of the team.
Vyrobniki, who called before the completion of the tasks of the processes, do not know how they will spend and navit іz zaluchennyam to vyvіshennya given zavdannya fahivtsіv functional services (technologists, labor workers, power engineers, etc.). Voni are adherents of traditional management and don't know where to start, how to build a system that is self-development, directed towards reaching the set goals.

Practice mastering

Vіdpovіd on qі and іnshі nutrition can be taken into account in the practical mastering of the principles and tools of the Toyota manufacturing system, for which professional fahivtsі z development or reworking.
On fig. 1 shows the zone of viability, and in the open space (darkened) there is a search for food evidence “How to work?”.
With the help of fakhіvtsіv іz razvitku kerіvniki pіdrozdіlіv organіzuyut postіyne vykonannya vykonannya plan zahodіv schodo reach tsіley. The process of short-term discussion (the most rational form of organization of joint activities) will take the fate of uninterrupted victories of processes and specialties of functional services.

As a result of the stench:
- nabuvayut novichok spіlnoї robo (robot interfunktsionalnyh groups) and step by step form the type of horizontal links and horizontal message;
- expand the picture of the world (formation of one's own accountability to the goals of the child, business, interests of the supporter);
- increase the demand for your creative potential, which allows step by step to increase the confidence in the reach of goals and to activate the advancement of your professional equal.
I will like the organization of spіlnoї dyalnostі, the most important mind and advancement of qualifications like workers, so I call the specialists “viroshchuєmo”.
As for the traditional form of the production of the practice, the technology is ready, the description of the functional bindings, the confirmation of the standard processes, and it was put only one task - the completion of the program, then the practitioner took the role of the object.
Invadwajor of the concepts of prudent vibrochitanit, the status of the submarine, the status of the submarine, is not the right, the required yogo is the fussing of the proposal, the participation of the Robochi procedure, the timid, the timid of the bun that manager. The position of "chief-supporter" is transformed into a partnership. The establishment of partner partnerships is a difficult and trivial process, but the creative potential of entrepreneurs is revealed as workers, managers, and one of the most important minds is the development of a corporate entrepreneurial system.
For a successful implementation of the enterprise and the transfer of entrepreneurship to the implementation of principles and tools of sparing selection, a special structure is created for the development of the selection system, as an organization and control mechanism for the manifestation and elimination of damage in the general tissues. It is possible only with an accurate description of the skin process, after which there are losses, the liquidation of which is possible with the adoption of pardons, admissions in the process of preparing the manufacturing process by designers, technologists, labor workers, post-employees, then.
The structure of the development of the developmental system on the basis of subtracting data from the reasons for the costs in the case of a convergence of values ​​informs the development of training and promotion of qualifications about the number of awards of the initial programs for functional developments.
The most accurate description of skin disease in virobnicheskih processes (kartuvannya) actualizes and necessitates that support of the purposeful study of functional fahivtsiv.

Behind the boundaries of business

In this rank, indirectly, the deputy of the primary center and the primary subdivisions is appointed. p align="justify"> The work according to the exact description of the skin condition, and on this basis, the manifestation and liquidation of the costs in the case of the combined value is known and the "contribution" to the achievement of the goals of the enterprise, which is not included in the first structure. Tse suppliers of materials and components. The organization of activity with transformation and reduction of expenses allows you to signify, which kind of post-employee and which world does not allow the acceptance-sustainer to reach its goals.
The development of the contractual system of business signifies a review of the contracts with the post-employees, including in the contracts the contracts, not only a few lines of delivery, but also a safety of the cost and the lowering of the price.
Rinkovi vіdnosini "vyrobnik-spozhivach" expand their scope and "zahoplyuyut" at the expanse of sparing virobnitstvo daedalі more vіrobniki. It is impossible to overthrow the task of the virobnic system on a good enterprise, to inspire a great one.
The actuality of the promotion of the culture of production, the promotion of the quality of one’s products with a focus on the spontaneity can only change the idea of ​​​​a functional recognition of whether there is any kind of business in a be-yak_y galuzі. The actuality of the change of thought is more positive for the change of vіdnosin between the virobnik and the gentleman. The formula of market-oriented commercials "buy-sell" will need to be replaced by the formula "accepted-accepted" in order to idealize the establishment of partnerships and viability.
In such a rank, pіdbivayuchi pіdbags, next baldness, that the actuality of the advancement of the qualifications of a skin practitioner goes beyond the inter-principles. It is necessary for a spivrobіtnik to acknowledge his vіdpovіdalіnіlіnіnі for sоєchasne that yakіsne vykonnannya ії voїsadovy sovіyazkіv іn front of ії іїрівник, аnd spozhivach.
Mission, due to the promotion of culture management, with the development of new forms of mutual relations between enterprises and organizations, they can take over the chambers of commerce and industry, stinks of stench are on the stick of the sphere of trade and the sphere of exchange. Particularly relevant is the encouragement, as the Chamber of Commerce and Industry should give the right zastosuvannya іnstrumentіv prudent selection of subjects of small and medium-sized businesses, which simply do not give the strength of the mother for this special structure. To the chambers, as a whole, it is necessary to approve such tasks, such as training kerіvnіkіv uсіх rіvnіv аnd specialists іn аnd pіdpоіdnim methods аnd suprovіd protsessі їх іх іхіння аnd otrimanya concrete result.
The Chamber of Commerce and Industry of the metro station Naberezhni Chovny and the region "Zakam'є", as it created the main center for these purposes, concentrating in the new qualifications of specialists, for 3-5 of the rest of the computer systems in the great buddies passed the school . Successful was the interplay with small and middle enterprises, states.
All this inspires confidence, which is similar to the form of education of the economical state and the adoption of the promotion of yogo tools, like that of industrial production, and in other areas (including, for example, the protection of health, the enlightenment of that state administration) to all personnel of enterprises and organizations. And then thought out to the point, dbaylive set up to organize your work, without any problems, become the norm of life.