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The introduction of military duty in Russia: date, river, initiator. Russian law on the military duty

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    ✪ #Vіyskovy obov'yazok in the Russian Federation ЄDI | Alternative civilian service Preparing for June 2018.

    ✪ Basic information about military footwear. Video lesson from OBZh grade 11

    ✪ Legal basis for military service and military service

    ✪ Viysk service

    ✪ EDI iz suspіlstvoznavstva. Zvіlnennya that vіdstrochka vіd I will call for military service

    Subtitles

    Good day. I am new with you, I am new with me, and I am new at once on the BS channel, we will discuss the nutrition of preparation until the end of the suspension. Today, ahead of the 23rd of the fierce, I will reveal the topic “Vyyskovy obov'yazok”, about how a person is quiet, who knows him, say not to love and be afraid, but a woman part does not know what to say. So that the first ones ceased to be afraid, and the others expanded their light-gazer, get rid of the nearest sprat of whilin with me. Let's get it right, as a rule in modern science, from the appointment. Viyskovy obov'yazok - tse obov'yazok citizens of the Russian Federation undergo military training at the lava of the RF AP. Remember that the Defender of Vitchyzni is the obov'yazky hulk of the Russian Federation. The Constitution of the Russian Federation, Federal Laws “On Military Obov'yazok and Military Service”, “On the Status of Military Servicemen” regulate the order of military obov'yazku by the citizens of the Russian Federation. Now let's go through the main stages of making a woolen binding. As the Batkivshchyna starts from the pictures in the primer, the vykonannya of the military dress starts from the setting on the military look. Ring out when you reach the 17th. І fight with the method of recruiting and mobilizing resources of the state. Tobto power maє nobility, how many potential warriors are in the country at once. Call 10th or 11th graders to go through medical examinations at the military commissariats, then fill out questionnaires, perform different tests, after which the special officer will appear on the right on the skin of them, they have a healthy state, mental characteristics, you can directly pass the service and more. Until the speech, girls, as if you can carry out the military-oblique specialty, it is also the responsibility to change the appearance. The staging is completed with the removal of the attribution certificate. Obov'yazkova chi voluntary training before military service. Obov'yazkova training includes the acquisition of cob knowledge at the defense gallery, training in the basics of military service within the framework of secondary education. Sound tse vіdbuvaєtsya pіd hour of OBZh lessons. Volunteer training can include employment in military-applied sports (army hand-to-hand combat, parachuting), training for additional lighting programs to help train non-combatants. Prizes for military service. Same zim stage at the big and associate military service. Ale varto designate that this stage can include both prizes for line military service, as well as prizes for officers in the reserve, prizes for military selection and a lot more. About the term service, let's say a little bit a year. 4.4. Re-buying at the reserve (reserve), as it includes the passage of the military collections, the completion of the obov'yazkiv from the military uniform. Tsikh chotiriokh etapiv more low enough for EDI. Now we are calling on the term service. Before the call for term service, people are sent from 18 to 27 years. In every moment of our life, we take away a request from the military committee, for formally, we are guilty of signing, although in practice it is far from being so. Yakshcho Vi Bachite such a red envelope - know that the hour has come. After otrimannya povistki at vkazaniya hour required to appear at the military committee, I know to pass a medical examination, and after another hour, a normal person becomes a term, a person without rights and a gum. Terminov's military service is carried out for 12 months. And if you want to understand what eternity is like, you need to serve for twelve months. After passing the term service, a person will receive a military ticket from a stamp about the service completed. 1) Folding instructions є nutrition about the introduction and the extension of the term service. The second line means that for a certain hour a person can be able to make his trip to the army, but the key word is: “for a certain hour”. You know so many lines, people call before the service. Yakshcho, well, youmu didn’t get 27 years. Requirement of remembrance, if only a sip of a note, for the inscription: health of the PERSHOY illumination, behind the camp of health (for example, a broken leg) up to one fate, guardianship of an inferior brother or sister, as there are no other osibs, yakki can have more than two children, individuals, yakі obіynyali vybornі plant the term їх renovate. Substantiate for the call the type of service as follows: Behind the camp of health, who went through the military service of the Russian Federation, who can walk the feet of a candidate or a doctor of sciences, like sinami or take people, like they died for an hour of passing a term service on a call, and also pass an alternative civilian service. Citizens do not call out to the military service: b) Mayut an unemployed chi outstanding conviction for a mischief; c) a hundred of those are being investigated, or the previous investigation, or a criminal right, a hundred and fifty of them have been transferred to court. Alternative civilian service (AGS) is a special kind of labor activity at the expense of the government of that power, which is created by the citizens of the deputy of the military service. Narazy alternative service workers work as orderlies at liquoreries, dispensaries and nursing homes, alarm clocks, workers at factories, foresters, librarians, archivists, workers at circuses and theaters, leaf-carriers, worms at weather stations, fire teams. Gromadyanin may have the right to replace the military service with an alternative civil service in vipadki, like: carrying out the military service superechit yogo reconciliation or confession; Vіn belong to the indigenous innumerable people, leading the traditional way of life, where the traditional gospodaryuvannya is engaged in traditional trades. Catch the respect that there are no people from an unconventional orientation on this list. Citizens go through an alternative community service, call, pose the territory of the subjects of the Russian Federation, de stink live permanently. With the weakness of the enormous passage, the passage of the alternatively enormous service of the interriye submariytoriye federal federal service, delesho residence, the huge bouti for the passage of alternatively at the federal fedeen. The term AGS becomes 21 months. The very rich whoever is willing to go through a special 12-month term service. Remember that a person, how to pass the ACS, lays down a labor contract. I also have the right to a permit (2 times), social security, illumination for evening or in absentia and lower rights. This hulk has no right to direct to the AGS: plant a stone; to take part in strikes and other forms of increasing the activity of organizations; promote alternative civil service with the work of other organizations; take care of business activities especially through trusted authorities. deprive the population of the point, de-stash the organization, de stink to undergo alternative civilian service, without waiting with a representative of the robot supplier; accept (explore) a stringent labor agreement for an authoritative initiative. Axis, vlasne, and the whole topic. I am convinced that you have understood what you want. Otherwise, soon for some of you, this topic will become relevant. Dyakuyu, that they were with us. Subscribe to our channel, put likes and get ready for yoga. See you soon!

History

Pre-Peter Rus

Military duty, like a lawful law for all the citizens of the people of the state of obov'yazok military service, was established in Europe only at the New Hour. In the Middle Capital, the nobility carried a constant military service, otherwise the population called out to the vіdbuvannya її seldom in vipadki especially trouble for the country. In the past, the armies continued to hire clerics, and then to recruit rapists. In Moscow Rus, the military formed the sound of osib, endowed with land (maetkom) for the mind of the service; at the spring hour, more Danish people were exhibited in proportion to the number of courtyards and the expanse of landed estates.

1700-1874

Prior to the introduction of the military duty of the Lapps, the kings of the Kemsk district of the Arkhangelsk province, the Samoyedi of the Mezensk province, and all Siberian foreigners did not pay recruitment guilt.

Sagged VIISKOVASKY SPOCHOTE TO NOT BULL was sewn on all Tsich INODOVTSIV, Ale Potim, cleanly of the other Half of the 1880s, Inorodna, the village of Astrakhansko, Toy Toyskoi, Semipalatinkoo, Turgia, Turgia, Turgia. -governorships, as well as self-determined Mezen povita, began to earn up to the duty of military service on the basis of special positions.

For the Muslim population of the Terek and Kuban regions and Transcaucasia, as well as for the Abkhaz-Christians of the Sukhumi district and the Kutaisk province, the supply of recruits was replaced by a special penny fee; This very tribute was given to non-Russians of the Stavropol province: Trukhmen, Nogais, Kalmiki and others, as well as Karanogais, settlements in the Tersk region, and residents of the Transcaucasian region: Ingillians-Christians and Muslims, Kurds and Yezidis.

1917-1991

Viyskovy obov'yazok in Russia and the SRSR is saved. The service in the RSCA was stunned by a volunteer, prote already from 1918. mobilization began. Until the end of Gromadyanskoy-wyni, the number of the Red Army reached 5 million osib, and in 1925, the Law on Obligation of the Military Service was passed, which transferred the school prizes to the army on the lines for the Chervonoarmytsiv 2 roki, for the young command depot - 3 rok of the air fleet.

According to the Law of the SRSR “About the warm military footwear”, adopted on the 1st of spring 1939, the citizens were called up for military service, nineteen years were called up for the prize, and having finished the secondary school and The lines of military service became: for an ordinary warehouse of land troops - 2 roki; for the young chief warehouse of land parts and internal troops, as well as for the ordinary and young chief warehouse of land parts of the cordon troops, for the ordinary and young chief warehouse of the UPU - 3 rocks; for the private and the young chief of the warehouse of the coastal defense units and the ships of the cordon troops - 4 rocks; for an ordinary and a young officer in the warehouse of ships of the Navy - 5 years.

In 1948, Zavinchi was a demobilіzetsiye service of the term “senior” Vikiv, Pilkani PID Hour Viyini, Ale Prizes 1925, 1927 Rockyv people, they were sent to the Service of the Service (the Thus of the Buli of the Demolizovs of the 19th Rockl).

On July 12, 1967, a new law of the SRSR “On the wild military footwear” was adopted. Він having established new terms of service: a) for soldiers and sergeants of the Radyansk Army, coastal units and aviation of the Viysk-Navy Fleet, cordon and internal troops - 2 roki; b) for sailors and foremen of ships, ships and coastal parts of the military security of the Viysk-Navy Fleet and marine parts of the cordon troops - 3 rocks; c) for soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen of the Radyansk Army, Viyskovo-Navy Fleet, cordon and internal troops, who can see the light, - 1 river.

Viyskovy obov'yazok at the Russian Federation

In 1993, the law "" was adopted in Russia.

At this time, the FZ dated 03/06/1998 "On the military obligations and the military service", okremi provisions for any change or skasovani nashchimi advancing laws.

On March 14, 2006, the Derzhavna Duma of Russia adopted amendments to the law “On military obligations and military service”, as they are established for the citizens of the people of the state, called from the lines of January 1, 2007, the term, prize service in the army ‖ - 12 months, as if one hour were counting a number of those who were already known earlier in the prize, which completely shortened the number of "Viysk departments" at civil universities and made it possible for them to reach their graduates.

Starting from the spring prize campaign 2017, all landings on ships and underwater ships of the Pivnichny fleet are completed exclusively with military servicemen, so that they can serve in military service under a contract. Military services will be sent to the call only in parts of the coastal military.

I call on the military service to send the bulk of the cholovic stats from the 18th to the 27th rokiv, if they change on the military appearance, or they don’t change, but the goiter and yazan change to the military appearance and don’t change at the reserve. On the military appearance, all the hulks, Crimea, are guilty:

  • zvіlnenih vіd vykonanny vіyskogo obov'yazku vіdpovіdno up to the Federal Law "On vіyskovy obov'yazok and vіysk service";
  • yaki pass military service or alternative civilian service;
  • yakі v_dbuvayut punishment like a free will;
  • zhіnochoї statі, yakі not mаyut vіyskovo-oblіkovoї speciality;
  • permanently live in the posture of the Russian Federation.

Citizens, as they were given a line to call for military service, are not called up for military service.

Substitute for introspection

  • Teaching in secondary schools, vocational schools, technical schools, colleges, VNZ (with certain guards)
  • Postgraduate studies
  • Category of attachment "timchasovo not attached" for the health camp
  • A constant watch over the father, mother, retinue, brother, sister, grandfather, grandmother, or adopting, as if other individuals, goiters, according to the law she will demand; healthy, before the federal government, establish a medical and social examination for the living quarters of the population, as they are called up for military service, with a permanent third-party guardian (additional help, observation). In fact, the remaining help is equal to the manifestation of disability of the 1st group.
  • Opikunstvo or pikluvannya over an inferior natural brother or an inferior sister for the presence of other circumstances, goiter is protected by law
  • The presence of a child for the mind of wihovannia її without a mother
  • The presence of two and more children
  • The presence of a child with a disability for up to three years
  • Надходження на службу в органи внутрішніх справ, Державну протипожежну службу, установи та органи кримінально-виконавчої системи, органи контролю за обігом наркотичних засобів і психотропних речовин та митні органи Російської Федерації безпосередньо після закінчення освітніх установ вищої професійної освіти зазначених органів та установ відповідно, наявності вищої professional education and special ranks - for an hour of service with these bodies and institutions
  • The presence of a child and a squad, the term of vacancy is to become no less than 26 days
  • Oblast by the deputy of the sovereign Dumi of the Federal Zoboriv Federals, the deputy of the Lawy (representing) organized by the Namely Vladimir Rosiysko federal, the deputy of the representation of the municipality of the abstract of the maintenance of the main
  • The re -construction of Vidpov is before the legislation of the Federal Federal Administrative Offenses about Vibori Yak candidate for landing, Shokov for the pretext of direct vibors, an abstract in the organs (chambers of the organ) of the sovereign of the Ministry of Education, - on the lines until the day of the OFITO OPLOVKOVNIT (Opable) Viskolovnoye (Opril) , and in case of pre-string vibbutti - until the day of vibbutti inclusive.

, Russian Historical Dictionary , Terms , Pitoma (Ordinsk) Rus

Viysk's duty, established by the Russian law obliges people to carry out military service to the defender of the Batkivshchyna.

In Old Russia to the end of the XV century. the duty of military duty was imposed more importantly on the lookouts of the people's militia. At the next century, a lot of space was occupied by militia of small and middle landlords (nobles), as they were retrieving money and pennies for military service. Created in the 1630s and 50s, the regiments of the "new way", as if step by step, were made by the noble militia, from the 1640s they were completed with a primus set of datkovy people, for those who were born. In the 1650s, the military service became dovishny. During the period 1699-1705, a system of military recruitment duty was formed, formalized by a decree of 1705 and the additions to the new “Statutes, giving to the stolniks about the selection of Danish soldiers or a recruit”. The service of the military was abandoned for the soldiers of the military service, the service of the nobility was in 1732 surrounded by the 25th term, and in 1762 the stench was called the standard service of military service. According to the Recruitment Statute of 1831, all the peasantry, philistinism and soldier's children were assigned to military service. The term for the service of soldiers in 1793 was up to 25 years, in 1834 - up to 20, after the Crimean war of 1853-56 - up to 12 and before 1874 - up to 7 years. From 1854, a “foal” was introduced (the number of the cherga to the prize was drawn after the foal) from three ranks behind the family camp. In tsomu, it was widely allowed to pay for the first payment, that buv and redemption for military service, and “zalіkovі” and “vikupnі” receipts were issued in succession. From the sight of 1 sich. 1874 The statute about the military service, as a way to carry out the main military service, the change and repayment was waived, then the call was put in, and the lines were added to the physical camp, family camp, sanctification, ranks, to occupy the family, the main camp and, nareshtі, for the sign of the nation " "foreigners"); no less than 10% of those who called were legally allowed to walk in such a way from the woolen bandage. Statute of 1874 having established a prize age for 21 years, having closed the system of foaling, designating a common term for service for 15 years, of which 6 for active service (7 for the fleet), and 9 for the reserve. In 1876, the terms of military military service were shortened to 5 years, in 1878 - to 4 years, and in 1905 - to 3 years. term of service - 23rd year (border day 43rd year); active service in the infantry and infantry artillery - 3 roki, in the other canopies of the military - 4 roki; at the reserve - 15 (13) years, reshta 4-5 years - in the militia of the 1st category (for the replenishment of the field army of the military hour), where they were insured, the cream of the old soldiers, for 23 years all the extras before the service of the supernumerary prize contingent; in the militia of the 2nd category (additional to that tilov part of the military hour) were insured on the same term, the extra surpluses of attachments to the military service and those who were sent to the family camp.

Material from ENE

Viysk's duty- Obov'yazok especially protect your fatherland by starting at all times and in all powers, even though the vikonannya itself was given to the births and creations. Spochatku right especially speaking out for the defense of the fatherland was privileged only by full-fledged (free) citizens; by the way it turned back to obov'yazok all the hulks; then, in the light of the binding, the privileges of the class of suppliance began to rise, and, nareshti, the remaining rocks of the 19th century, mayzhe rose everywhere zagalna V. duty, obov'yazkova to all and yaka allow for everyday privileges. The powers of ancient Greece were deprived of the right to wear more than free bulk; the slaves were only spared for the whilini of extreme insecurity. In ancient Rome, the right to wear armor became the privilege of the freemen of the first 5 classes; But then, because of the changed warlikeness of the Romans, other classes began to shirk in the military service, and the army began to become more recruited. Among the ancient Germanic peoples, the noble young man is guilty of shying away from the will of the bravery and, only having twisted his mysticism and taking off the armor with the tract of the people, shying as a full-fledged hulk; the fate of the offensive campaigns was obov'yazkovo yoma, as if the stench hovered over the wild folk gatherings, but the defense of the homeland (Landwehre) would always fight for the armor. Here you can already see not only the right to serve in the military, but the obligations of V. duty, moreover, the rest of the wages for the offensive war and for the defense. The right to wield offensive wars, which befell us in front of the gatherings of all the free hulks, gradually passed to the mighty vassals of the crown; stench far from zavzhdi buli on the call of the king, so what, wanting V. obov'yazok ( Heerbann) at Nіmechchinі the bula was skasova, in fact, the king was bula zmusiti all his supporters to support him. A similar order of speeches was panuvav in Serednyovichchi and in France. The armies of that hour were formed mayzhe exclusively from kіnnih faces; the service was carried out only by the nobility, otherwise the populace called out to the vіdbuvannya V. duty is more important in the hvilin of insecurity, for defense edge. Vinyatok was made by the English army, at the warehouse for the first hour of the 100th war, there were numerous and rightful arrows from the bow. The idea of ​​​​calling all the people to the viscons of St duty lay with France Charles V, but all try to get it, smashed by him and his intercessors, they were more or less not far off. At the completion of the main role began to play recruitment(Div.); natural B. duty was replaced by a penny; the nobility began to slacken off in the aftermath of V. duties, and recruitment already from the half of the 17th century. Mayzhe zavzhdi was carried out by force. Similar order of speeches, hated by the people, was trivav before the first French revolution. The m. French national assembly praised that the army is guilty of being equipped exclusively with militia; but already the advancing fate of them showed up insufficiently, and even then it was voiced requisition all residents aged 18-25, tobto actually provodzheno blatant B. duty, yak at m. Bula is residually legalized for provisions scripts. Zgіdno z new law, V. duty pіdlyagali hulks 20-25 lіtrіv, moreover, young people were called to the service for a century (without a foal); but even before the advancing fate, deeds were admitted, and s r. replacement is allowed; also, for the transcription, a foal was introduced. Zagalna V. obov'yazok gave pennies to the army of non-military soldiers: for eight years (1792-1800), France gave 1,703,300 recruits, and in the 15th reign of Napoleon - 2,674,000 (Crimean foreigners who served in the Napoleonic armies). With the confirmation of the Bourbons () the script was cascaded; the army popovnyuvalsya myslivtsy, ale near the river. for the failure of the rest, a new call on the foal was allowed, moreover, prote, replacement was allowed. The onset of differences in the method of recruiting the army unfriendlyly appeared in the warehouses of the military, and only after the strikes of 1870-71. France is again busy blatantі special officer V. obov'yazok, which does not allow neither redemption nor intercession; Prote zamozhnym classes were given a bula pіlga as the right to serve less than 1 rіk voluntarily determined (div. tse word) for a mindfulness of sleep and a one-time contribution of 1 1/3 yew. francs. Behind the new law, 15 lipnya r. military duty obov'yazkova all french. The mustache of the hulks, the servants before the service (the crime is quiet, that they recognized the ganebny punishments, or the humiliated honour), lie down to the warehouse of the armed forces from 20 - to the 45th century. There is no substitute, and the calls are allowed only for those who look like Timchas’s smart sounds. Terms of service: 3 years for the infantry army, 7 years for the її reserve, 6 years for the territorial army and 9 years for the її reserve. The trivality of the terms of service established by law cannot be short-lived otherwise, as if through ailments, or else in lapses, passed by law, for the previous service of full fate under ensigns. Before serving this term, the lower ranks cannot be called at the entrance. The new French military law, which establishes the legally obov'yazkovіst of military service, allows only a small amount of volucheni ( exemptions), svіlnen ( dispensers) that line for the fence of both family and subsistence interests. Independantly, in the form of a staffing of the army with shhorіchnye calls of the military, there are more viable and superscripted servicemen of the lower ranks. Volunteers, who are satisfied with the minds established by the law, are accepted for 3-, 4- and 5-word terms. At the hour of war, the law allows, moreover, the reception of freemen. for the hour of war. On the superstring service (rengagés) in the ranks of the ranks on the lines of 2 to 5 rokiv (and in the cavalry - і on the 1st rok) it is allowed to lose the heads of the lower ranks of good behavior, not older than 29 years, but the non-commissioned - officers - no older than 35 years. AT middle-class nemechchini V. obov'yazok on the cob was a total head, but then they became vimagati 1 housekeeper from 10, moreover, іnshі 9 helped him arrange; the calls to the people for the service were celebrated in the world of that, as the nobility (with the fall of the face) began to writhe in military service. Z according to the ave., Bulo was taken into service for 1 housekeeper z 5. Alecia St. obov'yazok to the people was put only before serving in the militia, calling for an hour for the defense of the fatherland; the recruitment of the army was carried out for help recruitment, yak bula was far from being good-natured; so, for example, in Austria in m. it was punished at night for the help of soldiers to catch people attached to the service. Peasant up to 40 years of age and navit until the 50th day of the day, having taken a bribe for service for all life at the military service. For a year in Austria, various people came in for the ordering of military duties, but the recruitment continued in the main way for the recruitment of the army. Z r. B. the duty was extended to the nobles, moreover, prote, a substitution was allowed, so that B. the duty, although it became slanderous, was not yet special; special won became less than the blows suffered by the Austrians at the war. In Brandenburg, in the 17th century, the armies were completed with a call to serve in the home of a part of the household, and then, through the failure of that method, they were recruited, obviously a rapist. In the wake of dissatisfaction, she called out, and for the relief of the labor population, it was introduced from Prussia from the metropolitan area recruitment of foreigners; From Prussian poddanikh people of filthy behavior were forcibly taken from the military. For the ordering of sets near the country near the metro station, it was ordered cantonal system, moreover, the skin regiment was given its own constituency (canton). Instruction from the CIM is saved and the recruitment of foreigners. Under Frederick the Great, the number of remaining successors of part of the military changed greatly, so that until the end of the Seventh War, the army was formed more importantly from the so-called cantonists, that is, the Prussian feasts. Then, in the period of the world, the number of foreigners increased again: in the army, in Russia, near the river. against France, from 122 yew. Bulo less than 60 thousand. Prussians. And at this hour, and earlier, the duty of Prussia, even though it was approaching the banal, but it was not a blatant obov'yazkovaya: nobles, blue officers, officials, rich people were spared from it, so that V. the duty lay only on black people. This order changed only after the unfortunate war for Prussia. Law r. the recruitment of foreigners was added, and military became purely national. At m. landwehr, scho mav character of the people's militia. At the hour of the war, what happened, all the camps were sacked for military service. With the infamous spirituality of the nobility, the nobility was ready to stand up to the lava of the army, move on for the next hour tsієyu fight on your own privileges and serve at the Landwehr, molded to take down the enemy. Ale landwehr () crossed the cordon for crossing the enemy and, in fact, becoming a part of the army, and the hard duty of V. duty became popular in the country, which was still established by the law of fate for service not only in the landwehr, but also in the infantry army. Vіdtodi blatantі special officer V. duty served as a support for the completion of the Prussian army, and after the vindication of the Pivnichno-Nimets Union of that Nimetskoї іmperiї the law of expansions and on the other powers of Nіmechchini. AT Italy zagalna that special officer St obov'yazok introduced in the river. UK due to its geographical position, that strong fleet is safe from foreign attacks, and that does not require such a development of enemy forces, like continental powers; in the aftermath of this and the way of manning the її armії іnshiy, nizh in the other great powers. The new hour there is not guilty of serving in the army: they are popovnyuetsya recruiting myslivtsiv. The militia was turned upside down by the landowners, and then the same way they were recruited. According to the law all the bulk can be called for the service of the militia after a foal; But in fact, it won’t, like before, be completed by recruitment, and B. duty is not really true.

AT Russia before Peter the Great, the army was filled with important persons, endowed with land for the minds of the dobіchnoy and the total service of their very own naschadkіv (nobles, children of the boyars). Striltsі, Russian Cossacksі Pushkari they were recruited from free willing people who did not change in taxes, and they took off the land for the price, bread and a penny payment, profits from trade and crafts. At the hour of war, more films and more were collected country people, what to display either from the song of the plot of the earth, or from the large number of courtyards. Soldiersі reytarsky the regiments were popovnyuvalis on the cob with eager people, and then - with the transfer of the children of the boyar, datkovy people that іn. In this rank, only the nobles and children of the boyars without exception were called goiter for V. duty; From other camps, willing people came to the military, and if necessary, they needed Danes. Peter I, skasuvshi strіletski regiments (), having fallen asleep recruiting the army for the obov'yazkovіy service of nobles and the collection of datkovy people, who were called z r. recruits. The nature of V.'s duty was changed: first for all the army, the whole bula was settled and was taken only at the military hour and in a short

The link between the major changes in Russian life was the reform of military service. In 1874, a statute was given about the arrogant military obov'yazok, absolutely changing the order of the military order.

For Peter the Great, as we know, all the camps were radiant to the military service: the nobility without exception, I will become taxes - the supply of recruits. If by the laws of the 18th century the nobility was progressively enrolled in obov'yazkovoj service, recruitment became a share of the lower classes of society, and before that the most important, wealthy shards could be bought into the soldiery, hiring a recruit from themselves. In such a form, recruitment duty has become an important and hated burden for the population. Vaughn ruined the families of their families, condoning their anniversaries, which, one might say, once again made their states unique.

The term of service (25 years) is such that a person, having eaten into a soldier, spent his whole life in his midst.

For the new law, before the introduction of the military binding, all young people, who have reached the 21st fate, are called to the eye. The order appoints a large number of recruits for military recruits and takes a foal from the rest of the recruits. Others zarakhovyutsya before the militia. They took service to be registered with them 15 years: b years in the ranks and 9 in the reserve.

Viyshovshi from the regiment at the reserve, the soldier is more than an hour away from the hour to call on the head office, the flooring is short, so de stinks go to private employment and rural work. Enlightened people perebuvayut in the ranks of less than rokiv, volunteers - so.

The new system of military recruitment, for its own sake, was guilty of bringing about profound changes in military orders. The replacement of the soldier's military drill, based on the harnesses and punishments, was introduced in a reasonable and humane way for the soldier, who carries on himself not just a duty, as it was before, but the sacred gromadyansky binding of the defense of the fatherland. The Crimean military school, the soldiers were taught to read and write and tried to raise them to the level of their own bondage and understanding of their soldier's work. Long-term administration of the Viysk Ministry of Count D.

And Milyutina was marked by a number of illuminating entries, as if they were planting the Viysk consecration in Russia, raising the spirit of the army, and strengthening the Viysk statehood.

Zagalna military duty waived two needs for an hour.

Perche, it was impossible to deprive the old order of the reinforcement of the military for quiet hromada reforms, as they led to the equalization of all classes of supplication before the law and the state.

In a different way It was required to put the Russian military device at the rhive from the Western European.

In the powers of Zakhod, for the butt of Prussia, there was a solemn military duty, which transformed the population into "an outrageous people" and reaffirmed the significance of the solemn nationality to the right.

The time of the old type could not be compared with the new ones, nor for the strength of the national naga, nor for the degree of rozum development and technical training. Russia cannot stand up to anyone. Platonov S.F. Lectures on Russian history. - St. Petersburg, 1999. 32

The international situation of the end of the 1960s, which was characterized by a significant increase in the destruction of the lower European powers, led to an increase in military hours in Russia. This was due to the great length of the cordons of the Russian Empire, if during the hour of combat operations in the region, a significant part of the troops could not be redeployed.

The way of the sbіlshennya postіynoї їmії could not be more acceptable, through the great financial vitrati. Zbіlshennya depot іsnuyuchih parts of the state military hour yak and vydkidalos Mіlyutіnim, tk. in the first place it did not give significant results (the introduction of the quarter battalion in war among all the police would increase the army by 188 thousand people), but in another way it would lead to "an increase in the number of the army at school and strength", for the presence of industrious minds zbіlshennya. Vіdkinuvshi tsі shlyakhi, Mіlyutіn dіyshov vysnovku nebhіdnіst molirovanie zavodnoї armії. Yaka can be molded at the warehouse, yak_ passed military service. With whom it was planned to change the order of the military binding and short terms of the active military service.

Oleksandr II is aware of his numerous reforms, which touched all sides of the life of the Russian society. In 1874, on behalf of the Tsar, the Viysk Minister Dmytro Milyutin changed the system of conscription to the patrimonial army. The format of the military duty with some changes is based on the Radyansk Union and is saved today.

Viyskova reform

Epochal for the current inhabitants of Russia, the introduction of the military service duty began in 1874. It was taken out within the framework of large-scale reforms in the army, introduced during the reign of Emperor Alexander II. Tsey tsar zіyshov on the throne at that hour, if Russia was blatantly prograding the Crimean war, unleashed by Father Mykola I. Oleksandr had a chance to lay down an invisible peace treaty.

However, the right traces of failure in the Chergovy war with Turechchina appeared only for a few years. The new tsar vyrіshiv razіbratisya at the causes of the fiasco. The stench poked at that number in the old and ineffective system of replenishing the special warehouse of the army.

Shortcomings of the recruiting system

The first was the introduction of the military duty, in Russia the recruitment duty was established. The won bula was introduced in 1705. The peculiarity of the system was important in the fact that the clothes were spread not on the bulk, but on the bulk, as they robbed young people, as they were sent to the military. With whom, the term of service is used as dovіchny. The townspeople and artisans robbed their candidates for the help of a blind foal. Tsya norm was fixed by law in 1854.

Helpers, yakі volodіl vlasnymi krіpaks, they themselves chose the villagers, for which the army with a long life became a home. The introduction of the military conscription has saved the country one more problem. Vaughn lied about what legally did not sound like a song. Vіn kolivavsya fallow in the region. For example, in the 18th century, the term of service was shortened to 25 years, but to call such hours between the people of the sovereign state for a long time. Sim'ya could be deprived without a year-old, and if she turned around at home, she was already actually out of work. Otzhe, vinikala as a demographic, and th economic problem.

Reform vote

If Oleksandr Mikolayovich assessed all the minuses of the essential procedures, victoriously entrusted the execution of the military service to the head of the Military Ministry, Dmitry Oleksiyovich Miliutin. That opratsovuvav new legislation kіlka rokіv. The development of the reform ended in 1873. On September 1, 1874, the rest of the year was the introduction of the military duty. Date tsієї podії has become a landmark for suchasniki.

The recruiting system was failing. Now all the people responded to the call, as if they had reached 21 fates. The state did not rob vinyatkіv for becoming chi chinіv. In this rank, the reform hit the nobles. Oleksandr II, the initiator of the zagalnoy military duty, came across the fact that the new army had few privileges.

Service terms

The main one is now folding 6 years (on the fleet - 7 years). Also, the clock frame was changed in stock. Now the stench was added to 9 fates (on the fleet - 3 fates). In addition, a new militia was formed. Up to 40 years ago, those people fell, as they actually served in the reserve. In such a rank, the state otrimuvala chіtku, regulated by that prozor the system of replenishment of the military for any kind of fluctuation. Now, as if a bloody conflict had begun, the army could not be caught by the tide from its ranks of fresh forces.

Yakshto in sim'ї buv єdiny year-old man abo syn, vіn zvіlnyavsya vіd ob'yazku go to serve. Also, the system of strings was transferred to the gnuchka system (for example, at times of low goodness, it’s too thin. Bud.). The period of service was short-lived due to the fact that the conscript was small. For example, if a person has already studied at the university, he could try in the army for a second time.

Vіdstrochennya that zvіlnennya

What are the other special features of the Russian military service? Okrіm іnshhogo z'appeared lines for conscripts, yakі small problems zzdorov'yam. As if a person did not have a chance to serve behind his physical state, he was forced to go into the army as a shoe. Krym tsgogo, vinyatok robyshche th for the ministers of the church. People who were small in specific professions (medical doctors, students at the Academy of Mystics) were immediately insured into the reserve without actually being retrained in the army.

Delicate boulo national food. So, for example, representatives of the indigenous peoples of Central Asia and the Caucasus did not serve. At one time, such pilgrims in 1874 were assigned to the Lapps and some other pivnichny nationalities. The stepwise system was changed. Already in the 1880s, foreigners from Tomsk, Tobolsk and Turgai, Semipalatinsk and Ural regions began to call for service.

Dіlyanki completing

There were also other innovations, which marked the introduction of the military duty. The moment of reform was remembered in the army, that now it has become a complete set up to the regional ranking. The whole Russian empire was divided into three great lands.

First buv Great Russian. Why is yoga called that? Before the new one, the territories were brought in, on which the absolute Russian majority lived (more than 75%). Objects of ranking became poviti. Itself for їhnіmi demographic pokaznіchnimi vlada vyrishuvala, to what a group vydnesti meshkantsіv. Another plot included lands, where there were also small Russians (Ukrainians) and Belarusians. The third group (inorodnitska) is the territory of the territory (most importantly the Caucasus, the Far Skhid).

Tsya system was needed for the acquisition of artillery brigades and infantry regiments. The skin of such a strategic loneliness popovnyuvalsya mechkantsy only one delyanki. It worked in order to get away from the militants of the international vorozhnech.

Reform of the system of training of military personnel

It is important that the implementation of the military reform (implementation of the military duty) was accompanied by other innovations. Zokrema Oleksandr II changed the system of officer education. Viyskovo-navchalni mortgages lived behind the old kistkovy orders. In the new minds of the infamous prize, the stench became ineffective and stained.

Also, these institutions have started their own serious reform. Grand Duke Mikhailo Mikolayovich (younger brother of the tsar) became the chief guide. Head changes can be seen in a number of theses. Firstly, the special Viysk osvita bula was residually watered in the form of a central one. In a different way, buv eased access to the new for cholovіkіv, yakі did not lie down to the nobility.

New modern lighting installations

In 1862, Russia received new high school schools - middle school mortgages, which were analogues of civilian real schools. After 14 more years, it was still enough to settle all the stations of the qualifications for an hour, I will enter to similar installations.

At St. Petersburg, the Oleksandrivska Academy fell asleep, as it specialized in the release of army and legal personnel. Until 1880, the number of military-primary mortgages in all Russia significantly increased in equal numbers with the numbers on the cob of the reign of the tsar-willer. There were 6 academies, colleges and schools, 16 gymnasiums, 16 schools for junkers.