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Hygiene is the science of health, about the creation of minds. Tests, controls The science of brainwashing for savings

Hygienic meaning of the turn around. Hygienic meaning of the turn around. The rottenness appears due to the difference in temperatures in different plots on the surface of the Earth. In hygienic practice, the flow is seen again from two positions: directly, that swidkist flow is seen.


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Healthy hygiene


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Actuality of work. Hygiene is a science about health, about the creation of minds that are friendly to the preservation of human health, about the correct organization of work and recovery, about the prevention of illness. Її metoyu є infusion of the minds of life and practice on the health of people, prevention of illness, safety optimal mindsіsnuvannya people, saving її zdorov'ya and longevity. Hygiene is the basis of disease prevention.

The main tasks of hygiene are the infusion of a healthy environment into the camp of health and the practice of people; scientific education and rozrobka of hygienic norms, rules and procedures for the improvement of the healthy environment and the adoption of badly debilitating factors; scientific education and development of hygienic standards, rules and procedures for promoting the body's stamina to the extent of possible shocks dovkilla with the method of improving health and physical development, promotion of practicality.

Hygiene at the stage is a widely differentiated science. I visited Yak Zagalna Gigієn, Nadali, in Miruzzy, the problem of the problems і О'єktіv Zovnіyshhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhes

Meta and zavdannya roboti: the study of the main aspects of global hygiene


1. Hygienic significance of the turn around. Injecting yoga into human thermoregulation.

The rottenness appears due to the difference in temperatures in different plots on the surface of the Earth. In hygienic practice, the flow is seen again from two positions: directly, that swidkist flow is seen.

Directly the wind is marked by the side of the light, the stars are the wind, and are indicated by the rhumbs-cob letters of the country of the world: C - pivnich, Pd - pivden, B - skhid, 3 - zakhid. Krіm chotirioh head rumbіv, іsnuyet promizhnі, scho znahodyatsya between them, і, in such a rank, the entire obrіy is divided into the highest rumbіv: C, NE, B, SE, S, SW, 3, NW. It is also important to know more importantly directly to the wind, which is most often repeated in the Danish world. This may be of great importance in the planning of the city, the establishment of hospitals on their territory, the shkil and other large and living facilities, as a line of expansion from the windward side along the route to the industrial enterprises there, and the gas distribution business. 1 A graphic image of the frequency (repetition) of winds along the rhumbs, which is guarded in this month by the stretch of rock, trojans of winds ring. In the center of the lines of the rhumb, to sing the signs, according to the number (repetition) of the winds at the right one, to the end of the line with straight lines. The speed of movement will be repeated in meters in meters, which will be repeated in 1 s (inod in balls). The wind is blowing, the world has an increase in height, the speed of growth is through the day of change (height, fox, wake and other). Seasonal change of wind speed to lie in geographic minds. 18-21 m/s - storm. Rukh is considered by the third meteorological factor, which in combination with temperature and moisture on the heat exchange of a person can also change the heat balance. Yogo inflow is observed at the increased heat loss by convection and vaporization. In the hot season of rock, the wind strengthens the supply of heat, improving self-confidence, and in the cold, bringing the body more heat the balls again, cooling the body. The wintering of the wind increases the insecurity of frostbite, especially in the case of critical parts of the body. At temperatures above - 20-30 ° C in calm weather, frost is easier to tolerate, lower at -1O-15 ° C and in strong winds. It is wise to accept that the increase in wind speed by 1 m / s is equal to the decrease in temperature by approximately 2 °. 2

Krim vplyu on heat supply, wind, teasing skin receptors, reflexively enhance the process of speech exchange, promoting heat production. If the temperature is higher than the temperature of the body and it is full of water vapor, then the temperature again does not give a cooling effect. A strong wind overwhelms the breath, disrupting the normal rhythm and increasing the pressure on the breath muscles. It may also cause unacceptable reflex reactions and be affected by the activity of the heart, etc. When there is a sharp wind, it is necessary to press again, which is visible, swidkist, which outweighs the strength of the wind. When the wind is directed to the back, it causes a change for breathing in the air after some kind of discharge, created in the respiratory zone: the person breathes more deeply, so that he wants to breathe again, which is seen in the new. A calm, thermally neutral wind gives you a bad, tonic day, a trival and a strong one can be weak, especially in ailments, as they suffer on the nerves and heart-vessel disease, arousal, aggravate moods and aggravate a disease. A strong wind blows on the psyche with its noise. The hygienic significance of the wind is in the fact that the ventilation of the streets of the city, courtyards and the strengthening of natural ventilation in the premises. At the summer hour, the most favorable wind speed is 1-4 m/s. Dratіvna dіya іtru vypryavєєєєєєєєє єєєєєєє є є єєєєєє і vysche 6-7 m / s. In living quarters, it is customary to take into account the normal circulation of air from the wind speed of 0.2-0.4 m / s; great speeds call out unacceptably long stretch, and smaller ones point to an insufficient exchange from outside winds. Unbreakable wind can not refresh, as it is supposed to induce with wind speed less than 0.1 m / s. with a stock butt pleasant flow of air in the premises with increased temperature and significant moisture serve as an effect, which is taken into account in the case of crowded room fans.

The swirl of fluff is poured in every once in a while and on the rozpodіl shkіdlih speeches in the host, as well as on the transfer of the donkey saw.

2. Prevention of the harmful influx of chemical speeches on the human body.

Speech speaks under the harshness of speech, as when in contact with the body of a person, it causes virobnichi injuries, occupational illness and recovery in the health camp.

Steps and character of damage to the normal work of the body, which are called by speech, lie in the way of getting into the body, doses, hour of infusion, concentration of speech, її diversity, becoming absorbable tissue and the body as a whole, atmospheric pressure, temperature and other characteristics of these other characteristics. 3

As a result of difficult speeches on the body, there can be anatomical deficiencies, post-temporal disorders, and combinations of inclu- sions. A lot of fluctuating speech, which strongly breathes, calls out in the body a breakdown of normal physiological activity without commemorative anatomical defects, influencing the work of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, the slanderous exchange of speech, etc.

Shkіdlivі speechovina ingest the body through the organs of the respiratory system, the duct-intestinal tract and through the skіrny cover. The greatest amount of penetration into the body of speech in the form of gas, steam and saw through the organs of the breath (about 95% of all bran).

Seeing shkidlivyh speeches in the middle is possible during the technological processes and work performed, resulting from zastosuvannya, savings, transportation of chemical speeches and materials, their types of production and preparation.

With the greatest increase in the unfavorable factor of the human environment, Numerical technological processes and operations in industry, in transport, in a strong state are accompanied by adoptions and visions of a saw, which can be fed by large contingents of workers.

The decrease in the rate of influx of heavy speeches on people is caused by the way of carrying out technological, sanitary-technical, judicious and preventive visits from the congestion of benefits of individual protection.

Before technological approaches one can see such as the introduction of uninterrupted technologies, automation and mechanization of manufacturing processes, remote control, sealing possession, replacement of unsafe technological processes and operations less unsafe and safe.

Sanitary-technical, come in: possessing working areas with mechanical exhaust ventilation or portable mechanical ventilation, covering with strong pile-proof casings with effective aspiration and ventilation. 4

If tehnologіchnі, sanіtarno-tehnіchnі came not povnіstyu viklyuchayut nayavnіst shkіdlivih rechovin in povіtryanomu seredovischі, vіdsutnі Metodi that of adapting to їh control which takes place lіkuvalno-profіlaktichnі Sunset: organіzatsіya is the Venue of poperednіh that perіodichnih medichnih oglyadіv, dihalnoї gіmnastiki, Luzhny іngalyatsіy, zabezpechennya harchuvannyam that milk that in.

Particular respect in these situations can be added to the zasosuvannya sobіv іndivіdualnogo zahistu, nasampered for zahistu organіv respiratory (filtering and insulating protigas, respirators, zahisnі eyepieces, special clothing).

3. Sanitary facilities should be prepared medicinal products in pharmacy minds.

The pharmacy is one of the foundations of the health protection system, the main function of which is to regularly supply the population with medicinal preparations, items for monitoring ailments, sanitary items and other medical goods. When prepared and taken care of, it is necessary to comply with the hygienic regime.

At preparation of medical supplies in aseptic mindslikarskie speeches are saved from the stem-glasses, from the wardrobes, which are strongly curled. The rods in front of the skin fillings are washed and sterilized.

The additional material is prepared, sterilized and taken from the closed boxes, more than 3 deb. Explore the materials of vicorist by stretching the doby. After the skin fence, the material should be tightly curled. Parkan is carried out with sterile tweezers.

Pharmaceutical utensils after vicarious dressings are used for indications, or they are corked and taken away from wardrobes, which are strongly curled. The term for the storage of sterile utensils, which are victorious for preparation and packaging of medicinal products in aseptic minds, is not more than 24 years.

Large balonies are paralyzed after the mitt is steamed with a gostroy couple with a stretch of 30 strands. Once the containers are closed with sterile stoppers, they are kept from wardrobes for no more than 24 years. 5

The sealing material (corks, caps, etc.) is processed and saved in the minds, which will protect them from confusion.

Significant parts of the technological field, which are imperceptibly sticking with the variety of medicinal speeches (tubes of gum and glass, filter-trimachi, membrane microfilters, gaskets, etc.)

Concentrated retail products, alcoholic beverages, internal pharmaceutical preparations are prepared in aseptic minds and save up to the physical and chemical powers and the established terms in the minds, which include their confusion.

At prepared non-sterile dosage formsmedicinal speeches, which are saved in pharmacies in heavily closed stems in the minds, which include their confusion. Shtanglas, scho vikoristovuyutsya when saving likarskih speechovina, before the fillings miyut that sterilize.

Additional material and occlusive products that are vicorous in the preparation and packaging of medicinal products, prepare, sterilize and save.

Pharmaceutical utensils before vikoristannyam miyut, dry and sterilize. The term for the storage of sterile dishes is more than 3 days.

Take care of small mechanization, which are used during the preparation and packaging of medicinal products, and disinfect it appropriately until the instructions are given to them. For the duration of the vkazіvok after completion, they are sorted out, the working parts are cleaned from the leftovers of the medicinal speeches, washed with hot (50-60c) water, after which they are disinfected or sterilized stalely in the power of the material, from which the stink is prepared. After disinfection, the virus is washed with hot water, rinsed with purified water and kept in the minds, which includes the delirium.

On the cob, and for example, change the vag, spatulas, knives, and other other pharmaceutical equipment, wipe it with 3% peroxide, water, or alcohol-and-ether sum (1: 1).

Burette installations and pipettes at least 1 time for 10 days are washed with concentrates and washed with hot water (50-60c) from a suspension of mustard powder or 3% peroxide water with 0.5% of mild water, washed with both water and water control . on the margins of a small number of miyuchy zasobiv. The pouring taps of the burette installations before the cob are cleaned with salts, extracts, tinctures and wiped with an alcohol-and-ether mixture (1:1).

After dermal exfoliation, or through the dissection of the medicinal speech, the neck and cork of the rod, as well as the hand vaga, are rubbed with a servette and gauze. The servo gets used only once.

Virvi during filtration or treatment of rare medicinal products, as well as mortars with powder or ointment masa, before rozvazhuvannya and putting into the container, are covered with plastic plates, which are disinfected in the front. For vibrating from mortars of ointments and powdered vicarious plastic plates. Cardboard does not stagnate. After preparing the ointments, the excess fat is removed for additional cardboard, paper, then the mortars are washed and sterilized.

Vykoristovuvani for robotic paper and wax capsules, spatulas, threads, girths and others are taken from the drawers of the assistant (packing) table (the drawers are empty every day). Additional materials are taken from closed closets for the minds, which include confusion.

In the pharmacy every quarter, analyzes of the Central Control

analytical laboratory.

Under the hour of follow-up, the protocol of bacteriological follow-up is completed, as well as the protocol of analysis for purified water. After the completion of the paperwork, the research on compliance with the orders of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

4. Vykoristannya ionizuyuchy viprominyuvany in industry and medicine: vіdkrіtі dzherela іonіzuyuchy vipromіuvani.

The ionizing vibrations are called whether they are the vibrations, which directly or indirectly call out the ionization of the medium.

Іonіzuyuche vipromіnyuvannya buvaє elektromagnіtnym and corpuscular. 6

Biological effect of ionizing vibrations on a living organism is to be deposited in the form of clayed energy of cultivation.

The area of ​​stagnation of ionizing substances is even wider:

In industry - tse giant reactors for nuclear power plants, for desalination of sea and saline water, for the extraction of transuranium elements; it is also vicorous in activation analysis for swedish designation of houses in alloys, metal in ore, vogullya toshchoo; for automating various processes, such as: vimiryuvannya rіvnya rіdini, schіlnostі vologostі sredovishcha, comradeship ball;

On transport - no more reactors for surface and sub-water ships;

In the agricultural state - tse installations for mass processing of vegetables with a method of zapobigannya їх tsvіlі, m'yasa - vіd psuvannya; breeding of new varieties along the path of genetic mutations;

In geology - price neutron logging for oil prospecting, activation analysis for prospecting and sorting of metal ores, determination of the mass fraction of houses in natural diamonds;

In meditsinі - tse vivchennya virobnichih otruєn method mіchenih atomіv, dіagnostika zahvoryuvannya for Relief aktivatsіynogo analіzu, method mіchenih atomіv that radіografії, lіkuvannya puhlin i-Promen that I-chastinkami, sterilіzatsіya farmatsevtichnih preparatіv, odyagu, medichnih іnstrumentіv that obladnannya i-vipromіnyuvannyam toscho. d.

Development of methods of promenev diagnostics in medicine stay rocky in a flash, it shows a trend to a slight progress and to an expansion of diagnostic capabilities. Tse pov'yazano in Perche Cherga of tehnіchnimi dosyagnennyami, Sereda yakih slіd zgadati wider vprovadzhennya in practice rіznih novih detektorіv that nosіїv rentgenіvskoї Informácie, neіonnih radiopaque preparatіv, metodіv doslіdzhennya, Sereda yakih slіd vіdznachiti digital subtraktsіynu rentgenografіyu, Komp'yuterniy rentgenіvsku, magnіtorezonansnu that emіsіynu . , thermography and ultrasound

The stagnation of ionizing vibrations can be instilled in such spheres of activity, where, at first glance, it seems to be absolutely unstoppable. For example, in archeology. In addition, ionizuyuchi vyprominyuvannya vikoristovuyutsya in criminology (reinvention of photographs and processing of materials). 7

Og'єki, in the vipromyuvannya Іonizuychі vipromіnyuvannya, can be sent to Kilka Group (KRIM SPECIITIES ON'T'KTIV FLOTA Z nuclear Energy Installations): Obloti Hіmіchnyy Installations): Obloti Khimіchnyi Vіyski, Himіnii Services (Statsіonarnі І Rumomi Repair and Graduations Mapleni, Skhovtika Radioactive Rechovin); objects Viysk parts, undertakings and everyday organizations that vicorist ionizuyuchi viprominuvannya in virobnicheskih purposes (industrial gamma-radio-defectoscopy, different type and recognition of radioisotope devices); ob'єkti kuvalno-prophylactic installations (radiodiagnostic rooms and vіddіlennya, vіdіlennya promenevї terapії. radioisotope diagnostics, radonoleic hospitals).

Closed the dzherela viprominyuvannya to nevіdnovlyuvanih promyslovіh vrobіv, scho without interruption to spend their resource, and not to repair. After the end of the recognized term of service, either for the destruction of the minds of the exploitation of the vikoristannya, or the yogo sberigannya is guilty buti pinned. Depending on the peculiarities of the minds of the yogo exploitation and the technical one, I will become a competent commission, but I can take a decision on how to continue the exploitation of the dzherel with a simple term. 8

The control of the tightness of the closed dzherel viprominuvannya is carried out in order in the lines established by the relevant standards and technical documentation. It is not allowed to use a closed dzherel viprominuvannya in case of damage to its tightness.

When working with ventilators, the ventilation and re-cleaning of the outbuildings are carried out to protect the protection against radioactive contamination of the working environment and atmospheric pollution. Jobs, knitted shafi, boxy, canyons and other technological possessions, but they are so powerful that they keep changing directions from less strayed expanses to more strayed ones.


Visnovki

Hygiene is one of the oldest sciences. Elements of sanitary rules can be found in the historical documents of the ancient slave lands.

Hygiene is closely connected with the medical sciences, as well as biology, physics, chemistry and social and economic sciences. Before zavdan gіgієni enter Naukova rozrobka bases zapobіzhnogo that stream sanіtarnogo obvious, obґruntuvannya sanіtarnih zahodіv schodo mіsts promoting public health, minds pratsі that vіdpochinku Lyudin, receptionists Zdorov'ya dіtey that pіdlіtkіv, fate in rozrobtsі sanіtarnogo zakonodavstva, sanіtarna determination of price yakostі nutritive produktіv that predmetіv pobutovogo harchuvannya . Odne of nayvazhlivіshih zavdan suchasnostі - rozrobka gіgієnіchnih normativіv for povіtrya population mіsts that Promyslova of companies, Vod, produktіv harchuvannya, materіalіv, s yakih vigotovlyayut odyag that VZUTTYA of metoyu stvorennya naybіlsh spriyatlivih minds zberezhennya for Health Protection is the Poperedjennia zahvoryuvan, zabezpechennya visokoї pratsezdatnostі that zbіlshennya trivality of life

In gіgієnіchnih doslіdzhennyah zastosovuyut Metodi two physical and hіmіchnogo vivchennya zovnіshnogo seredovischa (povіtrya, Vod, ґruntu, nutritive produktіv, budіvelnih materіalіv, predmetіv odyagu that VZUTTYA) bakterіologіchnі, bіohіmіchnі that klіnіchnі, demografіchnі doslіdzhennya of vikoristannyam metodіv sanіtarnoї statistics.


List of victorious literature

  1. Dobroslavin A.P., Hygiene, Community health care course, vol. 1-2, St. Petersburg, 2001.
  2. Kardashenko V.N. "Hygiene of children and children" Moscow, "Medicine" 2000.
  3. Kondratyev V.G. "Zahalna hygiene", exhibition "Medicine", Moscow 2002.
  4. Myakishev G.Ya. Elementary parts. M., Prosvitnitstvo, 2005.
  5. Zagalna hygiene: assistant G.I. Rumyantsev, E.P. Vishnevska, T.O. Kozlov. M: Medicine, 2005
  6. Rumyantsev G.I., Vishnevska E.P., Kozlova T.A. Zagalna hygiene. M: Medicine, 2005. 432s.

1 Khlopin R. St. Fundamentals of hygiene, vol. 1-2, M., 2005.

2 Laptev A.P., Polievsky S.A. Hygiene: Textbook for in-tiv and technical colleges of fiz. Kulturi.-M: 2005.

3 Erisman F. F., Course of hygiene, vol. 1-3, M., 2004

4 Dobroslavin A.P., Hygiene, Community health care course, vol. 1-2, St. Petersburg, 2001

5 Loginova R.A., Novikova I.M. Kerіvnitstvo to practical activities from hygiene. M: Medicine, 2006. 184s.

6 Kudryashov Yu.B., Berenfeld B.S. Radiation biophysics, M., 2001.

7 Myakishev G.Ya. Elementary parts. M., Prosvitnitstvo, 2005

8 Klimov A.N. Nuclear physics and nuclear reactors. M.: Atomizdat, 2001.

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Hygiene, and to instill natural minds and dovkillya (infusing sleepy spells, repeat, water) є by means of physical vihovannia. Physical culture is not guilty of deprivation of only one physical right in the sport, gymnastics, rotten mountains and others, but it can also be embraced and supple and special hygiene practice will be taken, victoriousness of the natural forces of nature, the correct regimen of practice.

Hygiene is a science about health, about the creation of minds that are friendly to the preservation of human health, about the correct organization of work and recovery, about the prevention of illness. Її metoyu є vyvchennya infusion of the minds of life and work on the health of people, the prevention of illness, the provision of optimal minds for the foundation of people, the preservation of її zdorov'ya and longevity. Hygiene is the basis of disease prevention.

The main tasks of hygiene are the infusion of a healthy environment into the camp of health and the practice of people; scientific education and rozrobka of hygienic norms, rules and procedures for the improvement of the healthy environment and the adoption of badly debilitating factors; scientific education and development of hygienic standards, rules and approaches to promote the body's opirnosti to the possible high levels of the superfluous medium with the method of improving health and physical development, increasing practicality.

Sanitation is a practical way to improve hygiene, to follow the necessary hygiene rules and enter.

As a result of the development of hygiene, a number of hygienic disciplines have been formed: hygiene in practice, social hygiene, hygiene of children and children, hygiene of physical culture and sports and others.

Hygiene of physical culture and sports, which develop in cooperation with the body, who are engaged in physical culture and sports from the outer core, play an important role in the process of physical training. Hygienic regulations, norms and rules are widely adopted in the physical culture of Russia.

The hygienic positions are of great importance to the fact that without them it is impossible to vikonate the main task of the universal and harmonious development of people, saving on the long-term health and creative activity, preparing the population for highly productive practice and defense of the Father.

Young fakhіvtsі, yakі will graduate from the universities of the country, are guilty of good knowledge of the basic position of the special supple hygiene she kindly zastosovuvaty їх at the buttі, navchannі, on vyrobnitstvі.

Hygiene of physical culture and sports includes divisions: special hygiene, health care, hygiene of life, hygiene in support of sports activities and the opportunity to take physical rights, additional hygiene benefits and promotion and promotion.

Special hygiene includes: a rational extra regimen, watch over the body and an empty company, hygiene of clothes and clothes, vidmova in the shkіdly vichok (chicken, alcohol, drugs, etc.). їх dotrimannya priyaє zmіtsnennu zdorov'ya, podvischennu rozumovoї and pіzicheskoї pratsezdatnosti and serve as a pledge of high reach in whatever kind of activity.

A rational supplementary regime creates the optimal mind for activity and rejuvenation of the body. Yoga is based on the rhythmic and correct drawing of the practice and the recompense and other types of activity. Non-sufficient dotrimannya to the regime of the day helps to develop organization, willpower, inculcating to Svidomo discipline. At the link with different minds of life, practical work, individual features of the basis, it is impossible to recommend a single additional mode. However, the main provisions of yoga are to be blamed for any circumstances. We can enter the additional regime, let's reconsider: watching different activities at the singing hour; it is more correct to draw the initial duty, the training to take that task; regular eating; sufficient sleep for an hour.

Basic rules for organizing an additional regime:

come at the same hour;

vikonannya rank hygienic gymnastics and training procedures;

reception at the same time, not less than three times a day (less than 4-5 times a day);

priyom zhі 2 years before exercise and sleep;

self-employment from primary disciplines at one and the same hour;

not more than three times - five times a day for 1.5-2 years of employment with physical rights or sports with optimal physical ambitions;

vikonannya at pauses of the initial activity (3-5 years) of physical rights;

schodenne perebuvannya on fresh look for walking and other physical rights (1.5-2 years);

complete sleep (not less than 8 years) from waking up and waking up at the same hour.

Special respect for the additional regime should be given to sleep. Sleep is the main and in no way an indispensable kind of recovery. Vіn priyaє zberezhennju zdorov'ya and vysokoї rozumovoї ї i іzicheskoї pratsezdatnostі. Systematic lack of sleep and sleeplessness calls out the nervous system, a decrease in work efficiency (especially rosum), a weakening of the body's stamina. Prote zayviy dream of negligence. Trivality to sleep to lie in the air, I will become healthy and that individual features of a person. For grown-up people, sleep lasts for 8-9 years. During the period of stressful nautical activity (sleep, halls), training and zmagan trivality of sleep should be increased.

Sleep is guilty of being uninterrupted and passing through the song of the year. best hour for sleep from 22-23 to 6-7 years. Quiet and calm - not sure about a healthy sleep. With persistent and trivial disturbances in sleep, it was necessary to go to the doctor. Without yoga, it is not possible to show off with different snoodish ways. It is unacceptable to fight against sleeplessness for the help of alcoholic infusions: after the introduction of a drug camp, which does not have anything to sleep with a normal sleep.

Watching the body. Hygiene of the body promotes the correct vitality of the body, promotes the polypsy of the exchange of speech, blood circulation, etching, indigestion, the development of the physical and mindfulness of the human being. I’ll start laying on a rocky slope to lay down healthy people, yoga practice, support until I get sick.

Shkira is a foldable and important organ of the human body, which has many functions: protecting the internal environment of the body, seeing the body's products in the exchange of speech, thermoregulation and other. large number nerve endings, and that won't provide permanent information to the body about all sub-razniks that are on the body. It is reinforced that about 100 cold, 12-15 cold, 1-2 thermal and close to 25 points fall on 1.cm2 of the surface of the body, which captures the atmospheric pressure!

All these functions are consummated in a completely obsessive way, only with a healthy, healthy, clean skin. The cloudiness of the shkir, the sickness of the shkirn, will weaken the activity, which negatively affects the camp of a healthy person.

The basis for looking after the skin is the regular mitt of the body with hot water with a nice washcloth. It is carried out at least once for 4-5 days in the soul, bath or lazna. Change the whiteness of the next obov'yazkovo. Watching behind the skin of the hands means special respect, the shards on it can eat pathogenic microbes and helminth eggs, which will then be transferred to food products and utensils. Particularly rich in bacteria (about 95%), which are found on the skin of the hands, accumulate under the nails. After the toilet, the maid of honor works before the meal, it is necessary to mitigate the hands of the sweetheart.

A systematic look at the legs. Busy barefoot, drinkability with the appearance of scuffs, misty ignition processes and calluses. Axis why it is necessary to kick your feet with a sweet one, often change your scarves. Dry corns can be seen behind additional pumice, corn plastir or corn root.

The watcher for the hair gives his own haircut to that mitt. It is unacceptable to vikoristovuvat for the mittya the hair of the Lord is cute or synthetic miyuchі zasobi for early whiteness. It is recommended to use a cute toilet shampoo or a shampoo. With the appearance of a stubble, oily hair 1-2 times a month, you can miti with luxuriant shampoos.

A systematic watch over an empty company and teeth is one of the obov's of hygienic vimog. Through the empty mouth, through the zipped teeth, they penetrate into the body of pathogenic microorganisms. Before going to bed and after taking the skin, it is necessary for 2-3 hours to thoroughly brush your teeth with toothpaste, both from the outer side and from the inner side. It is necessary to straighten the toothbrush as it is clear to the teeth, but not navpaki and only vertically. Under an hour їzhi bazhano unikati shvidkogo cherguvannya hot and cold herbs. With the appearance of a toothache, it is necessary to turn around to fahivtsya. Dvіchі on rіk slid to see a dentist for a prophylactic look around.

Hygiene clothes that vzutya. The clothes protect the body from the unfriendly inflows of the splendid middle, the mechanical troubles and the confusion. From the hygienic point of view, it is guilty of helping to stick to the different minds of the outer world, to accept the creation of the necessary microclimate, be light and handy. Important value Mayut teplozahisnі power odeagu, as well as yogo povіtroproniknіst, gigroskopichnіst and іnshі yakostі.

Sportswear is to blame for the help of those who are dependent on the specifics to take up the rules of different kinds of sports. She is guilty of being a light yakomoga, and not to encircle the rukhiv. As a rule, sports clothes are made from elastic fabrics with high penetration, which is good for absorbing food and saturating it with steam.

When busy on the street, the uniform can be folded from T-shirts, shorts, a bavovnya or a knitted suit. Under an hour to take a winter ride on the street vikoristovuetsya sports clothes with high heat and wind power. Ring out the bright whiteness, the bright suit or the light trousers, the hat. When the wind is strong, the animal wears a windproof jacket. See different sportswear made from synthetic fabrics is recommended to wear more for protection in the wind, wood, snow. Non-hygienically curry sportswear in everyday life. Vzuttya may be light, elastic and well ventilated. Nebhіdno, schob її teplozakhisnі and vodstіykі vіdstіykі vіdpovidali weather minds. The best way to do this is to take advantage of the natural shkіri, which can have low thermal conductivity, good elasticity and strength, and also can take shape when wet. Various shkirozaminniki, who zastosovuyutsya in the given hour, for their hygienic features approach her, albeit unevenly. Gumov's sigh and swell on the humov's foot may be one stotny nedolіk: do not miss the wind, it calls out the drink. Important is the so-called “internal vzuttya” - scarves, stockings. It’s necessary, so that the stench was good to pass every time, they took in the pet. Shkarpetki are always guilty but clean, elastic and soft. In the heat of the time of rock, wear it outwardly, which will ensure good ventilation: shoes that can open holes or open the top of the fabric. Pid hour tourist trips next koristuvatisya only kindly roznoshenim those mіtsnim vzuttyam. It is necessary that the sports shoes are clean and dry, otherwise they may cause abrasions, and due to the low temperature again - frostbite. To take in the winter, it is recommended to wear a waterproof coat, which may have a high thermal power. Її rozmіr is guilty of buti troch more than zvichayny, which gives the opportunity to beat the warmth of the lining, and for the need, two pairs of scarves.

Rіchna K/r z biology for class 8:

Sub-bag test zavdannya s biology for 8 class

1 option

1) Cob sprout of the herbal system є:

a) Esophagus b) Empty mouth c) Throat

2) Placenta - tse:

a) Thymic organ, which is formed during the hour of vagity

b) Type of fabric

c) Pain

3) About how the clitin structure can be found: transferring information to daughter clitins for additional chromosomes in case of subdivision:

a) mitochondria b) lysosome c) nucleus) cellular center

4) Yaka fabric zdatna zbudzhuvatisya and convey the zbudzhennya: a) nerve b) epithelial

c) happy d) m'yazova

5) Salvation of internal secretion, ripped out of the brain area - tse:

a) Thyroid colosis

6) Choose from the proponation of the secretion of the secretion of the mixed secretion: a) pidshlunkova b) liver

c) hypophysis

7) With insufficient production of growth hormone by the pituitary gland, illness develops:

a) dwarfism b) Graves' disease c) hypoglycemia) myxedema

8) What is the middle ball of the heart called?

a) epicardium b) myocardium c) endocardium

9) The nervous system does not function: a) transport of living speeches nerve regulation c) link to the body from the normal environment;

10) Select the characteristic of the mental reflex: a) congenital b) postive c) species-specific d) individual

11) What physiological power is not attached to the nerve?

a) wakefulness b) conduction) regeneration

12) How does a part of the organ achieve such a function: break that focus and change light? a) sіtkіvkab) zіnitsyav) sklopodіbne tіlog) krishtalik

13) For the growth of which there is a development, growth in the community that regeneration of the brushes after the shock:

a) spongy speech) more compact speech) yellow cystic brain) okistya

14) A sign that cannot be brought to erythrocytes: a) protection function b) up to 5 million per 1 cm 3

c) the valor of life 120 days) to endure fumes and carbon dioxide

15) How can you not get infected with SNID: a) in case of blood transfusion) in case of mother's milk year;

16) Like reflexes, they tumble for the help of a sound tinkering:

a) Crazy. b) Wise. c) I tі and іnshi.

17. Enzymes, which have split proteins:

18) The lack of vitamins in the body of a person is called:

a) avitaminosis (hypotaminosis) dystrophy

19) Red blood color reminds:

a) leukocytib) erythrocyte c) thrombocytes

20) The area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe shkiri of a grown-up person is healthy:

a) 1.5-2 sq. meterab) 2.5 -3 sq. meters) 3.5-4 sq. meter

21)

a) A.A. Ukhtomsky.b) I.P. Pavlov.c) I.M. Sechenov. d) A.M. Ugolev.

22) Direction of the mind of our mental activity, focus on something important - tse:

a) movab) memory B) miserable) respect

23 ) Oxide is transported by erythrocytes in the form of:

a) Carbohemoglobin. b) Carboxyhemoglobin. c) Myoglobin. d) Oxyhemoglobin.

24)

25) Choose the type of temperament: more energetic, quick-witted, quick-tempered, with a gurgling display of emotions, with a sharp serpentine mood, strangely seen on the right:

a) cholericb) melancholic) phlegmatic) sanguine

Sub-bag test zavdannya s biology for 8 class

2 option

1) The science of the creation of minds, friendly to the preservation of human health, about the correct organization of work :a) ecologyb) hygienav) embryology) cytology

2) Which organ should not be included before the etching system?

a) Liverb) Nіrok) Pіdshlunkova slough

3) Yaku function vikonu clitin membrane:

a) taking part in rospodil cletin b) protein synthesis

c) exchange of speeches between clitins and m / to speech

4) Clitini like tissue of a ruffled fluff, strongly torn interstitial speech:

a) nerve b) epithelial c) happy d) m'yazova

5) Walls internal organs stacked with m'yazovoї fabric :

a) skeletal b) smooth c) cardiac c) cross-smooth

a) shoulder) krizhiv) great gomіlkova

7) As a disease, I threaten people in a child's eye with insufficient functioning of the thyroid gland:

a) blood diabetes b) hypoglycemia) bronze disease d) cretinism

8) Hypophysis sees

a) growth hormone b) thyroxine; c) adrenaline; d) insulin.

9) Enter the warehouse of the internal air

a) hearing brushes; b) ravlik; c) tympanum.

10) Nerve cells are called:

a) axonib) neuroniv) dendritig) synapse

11) Coordination of pre-lnih ruhiv, saving the position of the body in the open, regulation of the m'yazovogo tone and evenness - these functions:

a) forebrain b) dovgastogov) cerebellum c) middle brain

12).

a) glucose; b) adrenaline; c) hemoglobin; d) insulin.

13) Which grass tract has villi?

a) in the small intestine; b) at the walker; c) in the intestines; d) at the shlunk.

14) Take the fate of the throated blood : a) erythrocytes b) platelets c) leukocytes

15) Rakhіt develops due to lack of vitamin

a) D; b) B1c) Z; d) A

16) Illness of the dichal system :

a) tuberculosis) angina) diphtheria) influenza

17) Enzymes that break down carbohydrates:

a) pepsin, trypsinb) amylase, ptialinc) lipase, lecithinazag) maltase, pepsin

18) To short-term memory lie down:

c) Information, as the student heard at the lesson

19) Yaku function not vikonu podshkirna adipose tissue:

a) depreciation b) saves heat) stores food speech) revenge receptor

20) The Zorova zone of the measles of the great pivkul is located in the share of:

a) frontal; b) political; c) thyme; d) covert.

21) Do some blood-bearing vessels have venous blood flow?

a) in the arteries of a small stake; b) in the arteries of the great stake; c) at the veins of a small stake; d) in the aorta.

22) The splitting of proteins in the herbal system begins in

a) oral empty; b) a hose; c) small intestine

23) To lie down to the recognition processes:

a) sonb) will) sprinyattya d) awake

24) Choose the reasons that help the sign:

a) mode of the day b) bright light b) b) restless thoughts

25) Choose the type of temperament: calm, it is important to bring it out of oneself, make an indecipherable facial expression, shift more and more from one type of activity to another:

a) cholericb) melancholic) phlegmatic) sanguine

Suggestions:

order number

1 option

2 option

Evaluation criteria:

Kіlkіst correctly vykonanih zavdan

Rating

25-23

22-18

17-13

12 and less

Test task on the topic: “The development of a child after a nation. Becoming special. Interests, schilnostі, zdіbnosti.

1) The child is respected by the new people:

1. for a month after the people

2. for two months after the people

3. for three months after the people

2) Virnі mirkuvannya:

  1. Special people are people.
  2. A special person becomes.
  3. Healthy fall only due to recessionary factors, otrimanih in the fatherland.
  4. There are fewer minds to lie down, in which specialty develops.
  5. It is possible to lie down and due to recessionary factors, and due to minds, in which special features develop.

3) A person who has a weakness, an easily injured nervous system, will only have a small amount of stress. Tse temperament:

  1. Choleric.
  2. Sanguine.
  3. Melancholy.
  4. Phlegmatic.

4) Calm person, it’s important to show yourself, you can’t show your facial expressions, it’s up to you to switch from one type of activity to another. Tse temperament:

  1. Choleric.
  2. Sanguine.
  3. Melancholy.
  4. Phlegmatic.

5) Vrіvnovazheny in their feelings and deeds, lively, rickety, easily attached to the furnishing. Tse temperament:

  1. Choleric.
  2. Sanguine.
  3. Melancholy.
  4. Phlegmatic.

6) I have a strong nervous system, the building has significant difficulties, it’s bad for myself, it’s easy to “fly”. Tse temperament:

  1. Choleric.
  2. Sanguine.
  3. Melancholy.
  4. Phlegmatic.

7) Temperament - tse:

  1. Repeated repetition of the psychological characteristics of the specialty.

8) Character - tse:

  1. Psychophysical power of the nervous system.
  2. Sukupnіst stіykikh figs osobisnostі, scho folded in the process of vihovannia, activity, intercourse with people and mind the typical behavior for this person.
  3. The health of the people zdіysnyuvati svіdomі dії, yakі vymagayut podannya zvnіshnіh chi vnutrіshnіh hardships.
  4. Fallen deposits, taken away from fathers.

9) Specialty - ce:

  1. Psychophysical power of the nervous system.

10) Individual - tse:

  1. Okrema people with usima її physical and mental features.
  2. A person as a member of the society, who has a system of unique rice, as a sign of authority my people hіd dumok and behavior, yoga setting to otochyuchih.
  3. Lyudina, yak took away the inclinations of her fathers.

11) Interest - tse:

12) Smilnist - tse:

1. individual physiological and psychological features of a person, like a successful mental success and other activities.

2. addicted to singing activities

3. form to show the cognitive needs

13) Zdіbnosti - tse:

  1. spadkovі deposits, otrimani vіd batkіv.
  2. individual physiological and psychological features of a person, like a successful mental success and other activities.
  3. form to show the cognitive needs
  1. addicted to singing activities

14) People vodkritі, nasіlenі splkuvannya - tse:

  1. extraverti
  2. introvert
  3. choleric
  4. phlegmatic people

15) People are closed, zanurenі at their own - tse:

  1. extraverti
  2. introvert
  3. sanguine
  4. melancholy

Biology control work

on the topic: “Most nervous activity. Behavior. Psychic.

Option 1

Task 1.

Spіvvіdnesіt termіn that understand

1 More nervous activity

A Straightforwardness and the focus of evidence on that other kind of activity, objects

2 Dynamic stereotype

4 dream

D Objects and things that become the center of our respect

5 intuition

D Disrespect of a person

Episode 6

E

7 Sprynyatta

F Uvaga, scho blames the will of the people

8 Objects of a shower

Episode 9

І not only in the brain, and th active recovery yoga work, necessary for ordering the withdrawal during the period of non-sleeping information

Until the object is displayed as a whole

11 Mislennia

Svіdoma self-regulation of people's behavior, which ensures the support of hardships on the way to the reach of meti

N Uvaga, what is shown when people are living together and vimagaє in the presence of her oxen zusils

14 Respect

About those functions of the brain, which are connected with the inner light of a person, his psyche

15 Mimovilna respect

16 Pretty respect

17 Rozіyanіst

Z Good or filthy mood, the camp of a raging emotional sleeper,

18 Emotional reactions

T Purposespryamovane sprynyattya, de suvoro appointed, scho need to try to keep order, yakі vimіri need to spend an hour

19 Emotions

Zdatnіst vіrishuvati zadachi for help pіdsvіdomogo dosvіdu

20 Behavior

F Combining a few mental reflexions into a single language, which is less likely to be used in the cinema, if all the mentally reflexive ones are victorious

Manager 2

1 . Having created a vchennya about crazy and smart reflections:

1. I.M. Sechenov.

2. A. A. Ukhtomsky.

3. I.P. Pavlov.

4. N.I. Pirogov.

2

1. Let's get smart.

2. Crazy.

3 . As a kind of imitation at the dosvid Pavlov I.P. over the dog є їzha:

1. Let's get smart.

2. Crazy.

4 . Help to stick to the minds of life that change:

1. Crazy reflections.

2. Smart Reflection.

5 . Zovnіshne galmuvannya:

1. Call from the lesson.

2. Car signal.

6 . Internal galvanization:

1. Call from the lesson.

2. Car signal.

3. The gut ceased to react to the bryazkalets, as if the sound of the bryazkalts did not sound like a cowboy.

7 . Like reflexes, they tumble for the help of a sound tinkering:

1. Crazy.

2. Wise.

3. I tі and іnshі.

8. What is a dominant:

9. Razrobiv vchennya about the dominant:

  1. A.A. Ukhtomsky.
  2. I.P. Pavlov.
  3. I.M. Sechenov.
  4. A.M. Ugolev.

10.

  1. To respect.
  2. Vikoristannya novice.
  3. Crazy reflex.

11. To lie down to the intermediate memory:

  1. The phone number, which you knew in the notepad, they dialed it on the disk of the device and ... immediately forgot.
  2. Multiplication table, which is taken from the memory of a high school student.

12.

  1. The phone number, which you knew in the notepad, they dialed it on the disk of the device and ... immediately forgot.
  2. Іnformatsіya, yaku heard the lesson at the lesson.
  3. Multiplication table, which is taken from the memory of a high school student.

13.

  1. Vіd rozmіrіv tіla - the greater the creature, the more folding the GND.
  2. Type of folding of the blood-bearing and dichal systems.

14.

  1. Zoru organ.
  2. Hearing organ.

15.

  1. Zoru organ.
  2. Hearing organ.
  3. Information taken away for the help of oral and written communication.

16.

  1. The phase of soft sleep.
  2. The phase of complete sleep.
  3. Rivnoymovirnі offensive options.

17. To lie down to the recognition processes:

  1. sprinyattya
  2. wavy

18. Uyava buvaє:

  1. active and passive
  2. logical and mechanical
  3. hearing and smelling

Task 3. What is a dream? Two stages of sleep (signs of the skin stage).

Option 2

Task 1.

Spіvvіdnesіt termіn that understand

1 Sprynyatta

A Disrespectful people

B Folding complex of attached dry assets, directing to satisfaction, what is in the body, and how they appear in the purpose of directing activity

3 intuition

Exposition of the five powers of the subject

4 dream

G Straightforwardness and the focus of evidence on that other kind of activity, objects of interest

5 Most nervous activity

D Objects and things that become the center of our respect

Episode 6

E Not only brain repairs, but also active restoring yoga work, necessary for ordering the removal of the missed hour of information

7 Dynamic stereotype

F

8 Objects of a shower

Z Crying, laughing, showing satisfaction, fear, confusion and other feelings in people

9 Myslennia

І Sukupnіst іndivіdualnyh osobennosti smyslennya

To respect, what is the crime of the will of the people

Episode 11

L Uvaga, which is manifested in the presence of people and vimage in the presence of oxen zusils

12 Emotional reactions

M Folding process, which is formed from the storage of information

N Svіdoma self-regulation of the behavior of a person, who will ensure the support of hardships on the way to the reach of meti

14 Respect

About Good chi filthy moods, the camp of a raging emotional sleeper

15 Rozіyanіst

P

16 Pretty respect

P Folding mental manifestations that are based on past experiences

Z Tі funktsії mozku, yakі pov'yazanі z vnutrіshnіm svіt people, її psychіkoy

18 Behavior

T Combining a few mental reflexes into a single language, which is less likely to be embodied in the cinema, if all the mentally reflexive ones are victorious

19 Emotions

In the visualization of the object as a whole

20 Mimovilna respect

F Tsіlespravovane priynyattya, de suvoro appointed, scho need to try to pamper and in some order, yakі vimiryuvannya need to be carried out і at some hour

Manager 2

1. Help to stick to the minds of life that change:

1. Smart Reflection.

2. Crazy reflections.

2. As a kind of imitation at the dosvid Pavlov I.P. over the dog є їzha:

1. Crazy.

2. Let's get smart.

3 .Having created an opinion about insanity and mental reflection:

1.I.P. Pavlov.

2.I.M.Sechenov.

3.A.A. Ukhtomsky.

4.N.I. Pirogov.

4 . As a kind of imitation at the dosvid Pavlov I.P. above the dog is light:

1. Let's get smart.

2. Crazy.

5 . Zovnіshne galmuvannya:

1. Call from the lesson.

2. Car signal.

3. The gut ceased to react to the bryazkalets, as if the sound of the bryazkalts did not sound like a cowboy.

6 . Internal galvanization:

1. Call from the lesson.

2. Car signal.

3. The gut ceased to react to the bryazkalets, as if the sound of the bryazkalts did not sound like a cowboy.

7 . Like reflexes, they tumble for the help of a sound tinkering:

1. Crazy.

2. Wise.

3. I tі and іnshі.

8. Razrobiv vchennya about the dominant:

  1. A.A. Ukhtomsky.
  2. I.P. Pavlov.
  3. . A.M. Ugolev
  4. I.M. Sechenov.

9. Hungry fox shukaє zdobich. Tse butt:

  1. Crazy reflex.
  2. Vikoristannya novice.
  3. To respect.

10. In what way to deposit GND creatures?

  1. In creatures of the VND, it is daily, their behavior is based on reflexes and instincts.
  2. Type of folding of the circulatory and dichal systems
  3. Type of nervous system - which is more foldable nervous system, more folding GNI
  4. Vіd rozmіrіv tіla - the greater the creature, the more folding the GND.

11. Until long-term memory lie down:

  1. The phone number, which you knew in the notepad, they dialed it on the disk of the device and ... immediately forgot.
  2. Іnformatsіya, yaku heard the lesson at the lesson.
  3. Multiplication table, which is taken from the memory of a high school student.

12. What is a dominant:

  1. The system of links between centers is important, which timely determines the nature of the reaction of the body to external and internal stimuli.
  2. Zovnіshnє galmuvannya mental reflex.
  3. Internal galvanization of the mental reflex.
  4. Zovnіshnє galmuvannya umovnyh and insane reflections.

13. What is another signal system?

  1. Zoru organ.
  2. Hearing organ.
  1. Information taken away for the help of oral and written communication.

14. How does the phase of sleep begin in a person after sleep?

  1. The phase of complete sleep.
  2. The phase of soft sleep.
  3. Rivnoymovirnі offensive options.

15. To short-term memory lie down:

1. Phone number, which you knew in the notepad, dialed yogo on the disk of the device and ... immediately forgot.

2. Multiplication table, which is taken from the memory of a high school student.

3. Information, as the student listened to the lesson

16. What is the first signal system?

  1. Zoru organ.
  2. Information taken away for the help of oral and written communication.
  3. Hearing organ.

17. To lie down to the recognition processes:

  1. sprinyattya
  2. wavy

18. Uyava buvaє:

  1. active and passive
  2. logical and mechanical
  3. short and long lines
  4. hearing and smelling

Task 3. What is respect? Mimovilna that dovilna respect (painting).

Hygiene (Greek hygieinos-health) - the science of health, about the creation of minds that are friendly to the preservation of human health, about the correct organization of practice and care, about the prevention of ailments. The similar term “hygiene” is also related to the names of the mythical goddess of health Gigiєї, daughter of the god of medicine Esculapius.

Metoyu gigienii є vvchennya infusion of the minds of life and practice on the health of people, the prevention of illness, the provision of optimal minds for the foundation of people, the preservation of її zdorov'ya and longevity. Hygiene is the basis of disease prevention.

The main tasks of hygiene:

Vivchennya vplivu dovkіllya on camp zdorov'ya that pratsezdatnіst people;

Science education and development of hygienic norms, rules and procedures for the improvement of the healthy environment and the adoption of badly debilitating factors;

Science education and development of hygienic standards, rules and approaches to promote the body's opportunity to the possible high levels of the superfluous medium with the method of improving health and physical development, promoting practicality.

As a result of the development of hygiene, a number of hygienic disciplines have been formed: hygiene for work, social hygiene, hygiene for children and children, communal hygiene, hygiene for physical culture and sports and others.

Hygiene is closely related to sanitation. Sanitaria (Lat. sanitas-health) is a term that has been used in medicine until the 60s for the purpose of understanding the health protection of health, which means that the organization of practical sanitary-hygienic and anti-epidemic visits. Hygiene is involved in the modern scientific research of the names of more problems, and the organization of sanitary and hygienic and anti-epidemic visits is the sanitary and epidemiological service.

The test for evaluating the level of knowledge for students of Pasichnik V.V. The test robot consists of three parts: the task with the choice of breaks - part A (20th day), the task with a short break - part B (5th day) and the task with a fired break - part C (3rd day).

Zavantage:


Front view:

The test for evaluating the level of knowledge for students of Pasichnik V.V. The test robot consists of three parts: the task with the choice of breaks - part A (20th day), the task with a short break - part B (5th day) and the task with a fired break - part C (3rd day). The hour of vikonanny is 90 hvilin.

When folding the tests, the following literature was won:

  1. Biology 8-11 grade. Lyudina is that її healthy. Preparation to ЄDI and GIA-9. Thematic tests, training tasks: initial and methodological guide / Kirilenko A.A. - Rostov n / a: Legion, 2013
  2. GIA - 2014: Іspit at new form: Biology: Grade 9: Testing options for examinations for conducting a state examination in a new form / author-order. V.S. Rokhlov (ta іn) - Moscow: AST: Astrel, 2014. FІPI.
  3. Didactic material on anatomy, physiology and hygiene. A guide for readers of biology and academics. / Authors: Nikishov A.I., Rokhlov V.S. - Moscow. "RAUB" 1995.

Option 1

Part A.

A1. The science that shows the processes of life in living organisms:

a) anatomy b) genetics c) physiology d) psychology

A2. Choose pictures of similarities between people and savts:

a) the appearance of the auricle b) erect c) the medullar part of the skull passes over the facial one

A3. About how the clitin structure can be found: transferring information to daughter clitins for additional chromosomes during splitting:

a) mitochondria b) lysosome c) nucleus d) cellular center

A4. The support-rukhova system is composed of:

a) brush and m'yaziv b) m'yaziv and tendon c) m'yaziv d) brush

A5. Blood is brought to the tissues:

a) nervous b) mild c) happy d) epithelial

A6. What is the function of platelets:

a) endure sour b) reduce microbes c) metabolize antibodies d) take part in throated blood

A7. With arterial bleeding

a) bright-red color, whirling with a pulsating jet; b) cherry color, twisted with a smooth streamer; c) bright-red color, twisted evenly, without stitches;

A8. Illness of the dichal system, which is not transmitted by a spotted-mottled path:

a) tuberculosis b) tonsillitis c) coxon disease d) influenza

A9. At the herbal tract, proteins are split up to

a) amino acids; b) nucleotides; c) glucose; d) glycerin.

A10) Hypofunction of the hypophysis:

a) dwarfism b) Graves' disease c) hypoglycemia d) myxedema

A11. Structural and functional unit of nirka є

a) Kirk's speech b) Nir's balia c) Cerebral speech d) Nephron

A12. The nervous system does not function:

a) transport of living speech b) nerve regulation c) connection to the body from the natural medium D) increased activity of organs

A13. Poshkodzhennya sensitive nerves at the fingers of the hands lead to the fact that a person

a) you can’t shake your fingers enough b) you can’t clench your fist

c) not seeing the dot of a cold object; d) you cannot touch an object with your hand

A14. For coordination

a) brain b) middle brain c) middle brain d) middle brain

A15. How does a part of the organ achieve such a function: it breaks the focus, changes the light, can it accommodate?

A) sіtkіvka b) zіnitsya c) sklopodіbne tіlo d) krishtalik

A16. Drum retinka to be found

a) between the middle and inner vohs b) between the hoof and the stirrup

c) between the equal and vestibular apparatus d) between the middle and middle ears

A17. Choose the reasons why you should respect the sipan:

a) the regime of the day b) the situation is primal c) I feel hungry d) at the same time

A18. Vision of a slip when a zhzhi gets into your mouth - not a butt

a) mental reflex b) insane reflex c) elementary romatic activity c) gamble

A19. How can you not get infected with SNID:

A) in case of blood transfusion c) in case of mother’s milk supply d) in a statutory way

A20. Zhovch to come near

a) 12-colon b) slough c) stravochid d) cecum

Part of St.

In 1. Appreciate the systematic establishment of humans as a biological species, arranging taxonies in the correct sequence, starting from the type.

A) People B) People are reasonable C) Placental D) Natural E) People

E) Ridge G) Chordovia H) Primati

B 2. Choose three correct answers from six suggestions

Erythrocytes - blood cells

1) kulyasto form; 2) disc-shaped form; 3) rich nuclear;

B3. Set the correct sequence of biological processes, manifestations, practical processes.

Set the sequence of etching steps.

A) mechanical processing of zhzhi at the empty mouth

B) splitting into carbohydrates under the influx of enzymes in the line

C) zmіshuvannya їzhi іz shlunkovym juice

D) splitting into carbohydrates, proteins and fats to elementary organic compounds

E) removal of non-perishable surpluses from the body

E) soaking up the living speeches at the blood and lymph

B 4. Set the responsibility between the authorities and those of the local authorities. For which to the skin element of the first step, take the position of the other step. Write in the table the numbers of the selected responses.

B 5. Set the responsibility between the authorities and those of the local authorities. For which to the skin element of the first step, take the position of the other step. Write in the table the numbers of the selected responses.

Part S.

Z 1. Lyudin "slayed" wuha. What is needed to grow and why?

C2. Explain why, at a low temperature, a person shakes and his skin becomes “goose”.

C3 . The heart of a person is found in the bag around the heart. Tse schіlnotkane utvorennya. The walls of the bag see the homeland, which ennobles the heart. What role is she playing?

Pіdsumkova control robot z biology class 8

Option 2

Part A.

A1 Science about the creation of minds, friendly for the preservation of human health, about the correct organization of work:

a) ecology b) hygiene c) embryology d) cytology

A2. Choose rice vіdmіnnosti between people and savts:

a) lower slit with protruding peduncles b) ripped teeth c) outer shell d) milking babies

A3. Yaku function vikonu clitin membrane:

a) taking a part in rozpodіli kіtin; b) protein synthesis

c) exchange of speeches between clitins and intercellular rechovina d) self-purification of clitins

A4. The walls of the internal organs are made up of soft tissue:

A) skeletal b) smooth c) cardiac c) cross-smooth

A5. The anterior opening of the part of the protein shell (scleri) - tse:

a) raisin b) sloppy body c) eyeglasses d) horn

A6. A grown man has teeth

a) 12 b) 24 c) 32 d) 46

A7. The head organ of the visual system є (є)

a) sich mіkhur b) nirki c) sich canal d) sich water

A8. Hearing brushes in the middle ear - tse

a) stirrup and hammer b) crooked and stirrup

c) tympanic retina, malleus and kovadlo

d) hammer, kovadlo and stirrup

A9. Nerve cells are called:

a) axon b) neuron c) dendrite d) synapse

A10. Coordination of pre-existing movements, saving the position of the body in the open, regulation of the mucosal tone and balance - these functions:

a) anterior cerebellum b) douglas

C) cerebellum d) middle cerebellum

A11. The health of the heart rushes under the influx of impulses, which one blames on himself:

A) efficiency b) cardiac cycle c) automaticity d) blood supply

A12. The internal medium of the body is approved by:

a) blood and lymph b) tissue mother and blood c) lymph and tissue mother

d) tissue motherland, blood lymph

A13. Gas exchange takes place in:

a) larynx b) nasopharynx c) leg d) bronchi

A14. Biological catalysts, under the influx of which there are splits, - ce:

a) vitamins; b) hormones; c) enzymes; d) substrates.

A15. The presence of some kind of vitamin in the body evokes scurvy:

a) A b) U 1 c) H d) D

A16. What is the name of the reservoir at the nirtsi, in which is the slaughter taken?

a) sich mіkhur b) nirkov balіya c) nirkov cup d) sechovod

A17. Blood diabetes develops with insufficient production of the hormone:

a) insulin b) growth c) norepinephrine d) adrenaline

A18. Sik pіdshlunkovoї zadіlyaєyatsya in

a) duodenum b) sluice

c) Stravochid d) Intestine

A19. Vestibular apparatus of rotting in

A20. The Zorova zone is razored at …. parts of the great pivkul.

A) skronevy b) politic c) frontal d) thyme

Part B

B 1. Establish the sequence of rotting of the brushes at the skeleton of the upper end, starting from the phalanges of the fingers

A) phalanges of the fingers B) shoulder brush C) promeneva brush D) wrist E) elbow brush

E) p'yasti

B 2. Choose three correct answers from six suggestions.

Y 3. Set the validity

Etching features

A) mechanical processing is required їzhi 1) oral empty

B) there is an uneven splitting of proteins 2) a slug

C) inconsistent breakdown of carbohydrates

D) grub breast is transformed into a kind of porridge

E) enzymes are active in the weakly lumen medium

E) enzymes active in the acidic medium

B 4. Choose three correct answers from six suggestions

Leukocytes - blood cells, yaks

  1. protect the organism from pathogenic microorganism
  2. endure kissen
  3. tinker the core
  4. settle into the red cystic brain
  5. settle down at the yellow cystic brain
  6. take the fate of the throated blood

B 5. Set the distinction between types of reflexes and their peculiarities. For which to the skin element of the first step, take the position of the other step. Write in the table the numbers of the selected responses.

Part C

Z 1 . Explain why a decrease in hemoglobin in the blood (anemia) causes weakness and confusion.

C2. What are the functions of people's shkiri? Specify less than 4 functions.

C3. Why are slugs-intestinal infections called "ailments of the groin's hands"? What is prophylaxis?

Pіdsumkova control robot z biology class 8

Option 3

Part A.

A1. How is science developing the inner body of a human being and its peculiarities: size, weight, proportions of the body?

a) anatomy b) valeology c) hygiene d) physiology

A2. Up to the people daily type bring

a) Australopithecus b) Cro-Magnon c) Neanderthal d) Pithecanthropus

A3. Ruhomі mіzh z'ednani ... .. brushes

a) large and small gomilkovi b) stegnova and pelvis

c) liktova and promeneva d) tim'yanі and skronevі

A4. The central nervous system is established

a) sphenoid and spinal cord b) neurons and neurons

c) nerves and nerve nodes d) spinal and cranial nerves

A5. After some kind of illness, a stable immunity develops

a) angina b) bronchitis c) chickenpox d) influenza

A6. Blood is not transported

a) Hormone b) Liver of speech c) Metabolic products d) Enzymes

A7. A great deal of blood circulation will end in

a) left ventricle b) left atrium c) right ventricle d) right atrium

A8. The dichal organ, which has the appearance of a funnel, has mucosal tunic receptors that react to hard, rare and gas-like speech, -

a) bronchi b) duct c) larynx d) trachea

A9. The main organs of vision are

a) legends b) sedges c) sweat beds d) nirks

A10. As a result of reabsorption

a) secondary section b) lymph c) primary section d) tissue motherland

A11. DO NOT reach the optical eye system

a) white body b) horn c) sloppy body d) crystal

A12. A chinnik, like a big world pouring into healthy people, - tse

a) medical and social assistance; b) recession; c) way of life.

d) in the middle

A13. Every day, a child is tired by a rapt start stribati, laughing, cursing, to the fact that galvanism develops in a new one in the cortex of the brain.

a) old b) later c) late d) wiser

A14. Vіddіl herbal system, in which there is an empty etching, - tse

a) duct b) 12-colon c) small intestine d) small intestine

A15. Vestibular apparatus of rotting in:

a) inner ear b) outer ear c) auditory tube d) middle ear

A16. In a person, human beings, clitins settle into

a) in front of mihurova b) inniki

C) our bulbs d) the same ducts

A17. A small amount of rukhovo activity - tse

a) hypoglycemia b) hypodynamia c) hypokinesia d) hypoxia

A18. Until the "illness of the brooding hands" lie down:

a) influenza b) dysentery c) SNID d) angina pectoris

A19. For the prevention of helminthiasis, it is necessary

a) unify contacts with ailments b) reach the regime of eating

c) relatively miti vegetables and fruits

d) live in canned food

a) bronchus b) throat c) trachea d) pharynx

Part B

B 1. Set the sequence of actions at the first additional help when spending the certificate.

1) lift your legs

2) put the victim on his back

3) push with a pointy finger near the speck of the nasal septum

4) loosen the cloak, loosen the belt

5) viklikati "I'll help Shvidka"

6) bring a piece of cotton wool soaked in ammonia to the nose

B 2. Describe the features characteristic of the artery. Choose three choices from six suggestions.

1) the walls of the clothes 2) the swedishness of the ruhu is minimal

3) the total area of ​​the transverse section is small

4) low blood pressure 5) single ball walls

6) high pressure of blood

3. Set the difference between blood cells and their features

В 4. Select three choices from six suggestions.

Crazy - reflection.

  1. congenital
  2. that appear at the entrance to the strictly designated names
  3. often or more often
  4. Nabuti in the process of life
  5. postiyni and not extinguished by the stretch of life
  6. for the resolution of such necessary two underdresses

В5.Choose three correct answers from six suggestions.

Before the sechovivid system can be seen:

1) liver 2) nirki 3) spleen 4) cutter

5) sich mikhur 6) pidshlunkova

Part C

Z 1. What is necessary to work with the method of prevention of illnesses that are transmitted by a rubbish-mottled path?

C2 . As if in a test tube with the blood of a person, as if she suffered diphtheria, if you add microbes of diphtheria, then the stench will perish, and if you add them to the blood of a person, if you didn’t fall ill with this ailment, it won’t happen. Why?

C3 . What are the functions of the human circulatory system? Specify less than 4 functions.