Geography and relief of Antarctica
Note 1
Antarctica is a continent with extremely low temperatures, which lies on the extreme pole of the Earth's backwaters. The entire territory of the continent is covered with ice (vinyatok - small areas near the western part). The main area of the mainland is over a million square meters. km.
The territory of Antarctica is divided into two belts - subantarctic and antarctic, lying on the antarctic plate. As a result of tectonic breaks, a significant part of the territory was lifted. Through a sharp crying, the surface of the mainland is strongly dissected.
The continent is surrounded by the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, the Ross, Amundsen, Bellingshausen and Weddell seas.
The Great Islands of the Continent - Land of Alexander I, Clarence and Deception. Arktichny Ostrіv stretches on the pivnіch from the pivden cordon. One can see the great islands of Antarctica: Hut Point Island, Edward VII Island, Mawson Island.
The Transarctic Mountains subdivide the territory into Western and Northern Antarctica:
- Zahidnі territorії vіdrіznyayutsya with folded relief, krizhany nastavlyayut numerical ridges. The territory lay down to Pacific Ocean, one can see the appearance of small plains and nunataks - mountain peaks that hang over the crested slope.
- At the lower part of the mountain, there are deep depressions. Tovshcha ice prihovu Gori Gamburtseva, porivnya z rozmirom z Alps.
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Note 2
The purest water on the planet is found in the Weddell Sea. Vaughn allows watering from the surface at a depth of up to 70 m of various representatives of the dewy and animal world.
The length of the coastline will be 30 thousand. km., it is slightly torn. Take care of the ice-growing shelf or high cliffs. There are active dormant volcanoes in Antarctica.
natural resources
In Antarctica, there are a lot of diverse natural resources, the most significant of which may be:
- Mineral resources. In Antarctica, almost all kopalini korisn are used. Signs and signs of concessions with brown copalins were revealed more than 170 months of the territory. Here are rich genera of titanium, zinc, manganese, chromium, midi, nickel, platinum and gold, expensive stone and gemstones, vugill, mica. There are significant oil reserves on the continent.
- Water resources. AT Antarctic ice close to 80% of all fresh water of the earth's backyard is concentrated to become a great reserve. The coal of the continent is blocked by the way of the shelf ice-makers. The ridges and the ridges of the ice are growing. Nearly 140 lakes lie under the shield of the shield. The largest lake - about. Depth may be 1200 m-code.
- Biological resources Roslinny and the world of creatures.
- Recreational resources As a given, the resources include geomorphological (Ulvetanna Peak, Vinson massif, Sidley and Erebus volcanoes), biological (experimental recreation), water (kayaking, yachting, bathing in lakes, diving) and landscape (natural-aqueous and natural-continental) , sports recreation (track and field cycling and marathon).
Climatic Mind
It is colder on the mainland, like winter, and summer. The average river temperature is -60 °С. The absolute minimum number of registrations in 1983 was -89.2 ºС. In the winter period, the temperature fluctuates from -60 to -75 ºС, and in the summer it rises to -50 ºС. On the coast, the climate is mild, the average temperature fluctuates from 0 to -20 ºС.
The continent of rotting is in the middle of the Pivdenny polar stake, so the winter hour is guarded by the polar night, and the inlet - the polar day.
The mainland is strongly distant from the equator, so it takes less heat than other continents of the Earth.
Antarctica is a krizhana of a keletel, whose surface sees close to 80% of the light at the expanse.
From the high-mountain massifs there are strong winds (in the surrounding areas up to 320 km/year). The amount of snow that you see on the river, as a rule, does not exceed 10 cm.
Roslinny and creaturely world
In the Antarctic wilderness, the growth of the day. Vaughn grows on the outskirts of the continent, in the Antarctic oases. On the mist, in the open air, the growth of mushrooms, lichens, mosses, low-growing chagar. Most algae - close to 700 species. From the fluffy roslins there is only an Antarctic meadow grass and a colobanthus whaleo. Lugovik is a grassy, light-loving plant. Small bushes can reach 20 cm. Good to endure frosts, so vikoristovuetsya for the introduction of new frost-resistant varieties of wheat and wheat. Colobanthus is brought to the family of flowers. The height of the mature growth does not exceed five cm, there is a pillow-like shape with small white and pale yellow flowers.
The creaturely world of Antarctica is represented by creatures, coma, birds, crustaceans and other creatures. Creatures live less at the places, de є roslinnist. Lead, scho otochyuyut continent, rich in zooplankton. Ribi krizhany live near the super-cold water.
Note 3
One of the largest creatures that linger around Antarctica is the blue whale, which lurks there with a great number of shrimp.
Sea leopards, seals, sea elephants, blue minke and humpback whales linger on the coast. On the pivnіchny uzberezhzhі you can see the imperial penguins, penguins Adele, penguins Sclater. Sometime to the coast of the continent, they flood the black-white or sandy color of dolphins, which are also called sea cows. Fish, squid, krill form the basis of eating great creatures.
Sea leopards can reach up to 3.8 m and more. In autumn, the stench comes close to the shore, where they fall for penguins and young fur seals.
Colonies of penguins and fur seals most often drift on the ledges of the shores, and in the winter the whites of Pivdenny Georgiy climb up on the cob.
Daphnia, crustaceans, roundworms and blue-green algae linger at the fresh lakes of the mainland.
Gulls, petrels, and cormorants nest on the skeletons. The mainland is a common place for skuas and arctic terns.
The nature of Antarctica is good for spineless arthropods. There are about 70 species of mites and 4 species of lice here. From the clods on the islands live blizzards, beetles and spiders. Fleas, downy, mosquitoes are scurrying. Only on the mainland live black-and-white color mosquitoes. The main part of the clods and spineless bula was brought to the continent by birds.
The Russian order, having confirmed the decision, one of the main goals is to ensure the national interests of Russia in the Antarctic region. Wanting official interests overwhelmed by scientific achievements, more money is at stake - control over the vast reserves of brown copalins. Vtіm, on bezpereshkodniy access to them Russia hardly chi varto razrakhovuvat nadto rich competitors.
Land of seven capitals
Antarctic region Russian Order, є teritory, roztashovanoy on pіvden vіd 60th degree pіvdennoї latitude. In the middle of the river, the river basin of the Holy Ocean (which sector is called by the catchword “Pivdenniy Ocean”), traditionally represented the greatest interest for the region, Antarctica. At the sight of many continents, from the moment of its appearance in 1820, Antarctica, in fact, is occupied by no one's land. More precisely, the rights to it were presented to this country, the prote dosi їhnі claims are left out of the world's innocence.
Russian seafarers Thaddeus Bellingshausen and Mikhailo Lazarev are honored by the pioneers of Antarctica. On September 28, 1820, the participants of the expedition chosen by them became the first people, yakі cheered the crying continent. Less than two days before the shores of Antarctica, the ships landed at the warehouse of the British Expedition under the ceramics of Edward Bransfield. Well, the first, who had a chance to hang out on the continent, ymovirno, were American beastmen on a choir with Captain John Davis. On the hunts of seals on February 7, 1821, the stench moored to the shore of Western Antarctica, where they spent about a year.
In 1908, Great Britain voted the most about claims to land in Antarctica, as it voted sovereignty over a number of islands, which are in order with the Falklands, which already belong to the British crown. True, even London “took” only a small piece of Antarctica, but later, in 1917, the British Antarctic Territory was stunned by the entire sector of the continent (right up to the Pivdenny Pole), fringed by 20 and 80 degrees of longitude.
Claims of the decision of the krai on the pivdenny continent were formalized in a similar manner - in front of the sectors. In 1923, the city of London "arrived" to New Zealand, which was rooted to you, the Ross Territory - a large village of Antarctica between 150 degrees cold and 160 degrees cold longevity. In 1841, the navigator James Clark Ross, who was behind the British crown, "stands" the navigator, the official protege of the royal volodinnami of the earth was stunned for more than 82 years by that. The Australian Antarctic Territory was transferred to the metropolis of its largest colony in 1933. Vaughn occupied the sector between 44th and 160th degrees of similar longitude.
In 1924, the rotation of the Antarctic territory - the Land of Adelie - was ruled by France, as it filed claims for a plot, yak in 1840, the rotation of the mandriving Jules Dumont-Durville. The whole sector is surrounded by 136th and 142nd degrees of cold weather and wedged into the Australian Antarctic Territory, for which the British came in handy.
Another Antarctic power appeared in 1939 in a rotational sector between the 20th degree of cold and the 44th degree of coldness, such as to be worthy of Norway. The territory took the name Queen Maud Land - in honor of the squad of the Norwegian king Haakon VII Maud of Wales. In 1940 and 1942, Chile and Argentina filed claims for the Antarctic territory. With whom, the segments, appointed by their power, piled up not only one on one, but also on the British. One more plot, the Land of Meri Berd, was raztashovana between 90 and 160 degrees of cold weather, so it was left unoccupied - the official claims on it were not hung by the power of the world.
Antarctic treaty
The situation that developed near Antarctica seemed to threaten with a great international conflict. Claims of seven powers on the Antarctic territory ostentatiously called out to the side of the other lands - as quiet, as they also claimed the cloaks of the continent, so the others, as if they were willing to bachiti Antarctica as a neutral territory. The non-importance with the status of Antarctica made it easier for scientific achievements: until the middle of the 20th century, the continent was actively victorious as a unique historical Maidan, and the presence of national segments did not embrace international cooperation.
Try to pin it down in Antarctica, like the USA and India in the 1940s. The protesters of the conference and the stench were carried out, but they did not give the same results. Progress was only within reach in 1959, when 12 powers signed the Antarctic Treaty - a kind of international rule of conduct on the continent. Crimean signs of the country-applicants on the territory in Antarctica, representatives of Belgium, the Soviet Socialist Republic, the USA, the PAR and Japan signed the document. The stinks for the hour of the agreement were actively followed up on the continent. By far the number of signatories to the treaty increased to 50 countries, and the right to vote may be less than 22 of them - those whose last ones take an active part in the formation of Antarctica.
Having become a postulate about those that Antarctica will be stunned by a peaceful zone, it is fenced to spread out whether it’s military bases, to carry out maneuvers and test the armor, atomic zocrema. The natomist region could become a maidan for large-scale scientific achievements, the results of which could be freely exchanged between the parties.
The political aspect of the document is no less important: it is valid until the Sixth Statute, actually freezing all territorial claims to Antarctica. On the one hand, the agreement was arranged in such a way that it is impossible to try on this basis to discredit the claims of that other participant. On the other hand, the “Vlasniks” of the Antarctic territories did not have a suitable tool for reaffirming their sovereignty over these villagers. As a result, it allowed arguments for insulting the camps - and quiet, although there are territorial claims in Antarctica, and quiet, which are not suitable for them. One hour agreed to establish the principle of free access for all participants to any part of the continent.
Korisn_ kopalini
Having sunk into the predicament of a political conflict, having agreed to protest, having left one more important food outside the framework: access to brown copalins. Like geologists allow, in Antarctica they make great deposits great number resources: stone vugill, zaliznyak midi, zinc, nickel, lead and other brown copalins. However, the greatest interest for the greater part of the country may be oil and gas reserves. We don’t know exactly what they say, however, for real money, in one region of the Ross Sea (Australian sector) there are about 50 billion barrels of oil and over 100 trillion cubic meters of gas. For por_vnyannya, Russian reserves of tsikh carbohydrates to become 74 billion barrels and 33 trillion cubic meters per year.
Trying to discuss the possibility of a vidobotka with brown copalins, the participants in the Antarctic Treaty broke up in 1988 by adopting a valid convention. Prote the document did not gain rank, but instead of the new one in 1991, the other parties signed the Madrid Protocol, which shaped the rank of 1998. According to this document, on the territory of Antarctica, there are categorically hindered species of copalin. Truthfully, this fence is not line-free: the text of the protocol can be looked over after 50 years after the appearance of ceremoniality - in 2048 rotations. With that in some countries that claim the territory of Antarctica, they do not include what, as a result of the development of the continent, may be allowed. In addition, it is self-evident that some of the participants in the protocol simply take part in the participation of someone else.
It is obvious that such scenarios give rise to anxiety, especially to the lands, as they respect their own Antarctica. In practice, it happened before the violation of the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which brought about the 1994 ceremoniality, caused a non-abyak conflict in connection with the need to designate the intercontinental shelves. Applicants from among the "rulers" of the continents were immediately known for the Antarctic shelf. On the other hand, the Antarctic Treaty directly hinders the participants in building up their volunteers.
Prote vyhid was found. Three countries - Australia, Argentina and Norway - indicated the coordinates of the transfer of shelf waters in Antarctica, they asked the UN not to consider their status until the end of the territorial super river. Three more edges - New Zealand, France and Great Britain - they simply reserved for themselves the right to file a final request later. Chile has become the only power from the semka, which has not yet shown its position.
The filing of "Antarctic" applications was called out incessantly behind the list. Naturally, Great Britain and Argentina began to compete with each other, as they lay claim to those same territories (and the Crimea of Antarctica and the stench are punished one by one Falkland and other islands in Pivdenniy Atlantic). Representatives of Russia, the USA, Japan, the Netherlands, India and other countries filed an application about the need to preserve the "nothing" status of Antarctica.
Equal chances
News about the species of brown copalins in Antarctica is still very few people bother. Tim, for an hour, near the krizhany continent, nervousness is clearly growing: it’s practical, whether it’s a ruh body, whether it’s a country in this country, and it’s directly taken by contractors as a test to see the “legitimate” Vlasniks.
Photo: Oleksiy Nikolsky / RIA Novini
For example, at the additional Institute for International Policy named after Lowy (Lowy Institute for International Policy, .pdf), prepared in 2011 for the Australian government, the Kremlin’s directorate is described as a good economic expansion. “In the ordinary order in 2010, the fate of the Antarctic strategy until 2020, it is imperative to discuss the importance of Antarctic resources for the energy and economic security of Russia,” the authors write. - as a priority goal state policy The new one has a complex follow-up, associated with mineral and carbohydrate copalins, as well as the development of a "progressive" strategy, which is secured for the discussion of the situation after 2048."
On the one hand, the language in the strategy is more about "geological and geophysical studies, which allow us to make the necessary forecast estimates of the mineral and carbohydrate potential of Antarctica." In other words, the authors of the program should not try to get hot, but rather do yoga. However, from the other side, hardly reconsidered for such studies, it is a matter of scientific interest. Especially as a "complex development of mineral, carbohydrate and other types of natural resources in Antarctica" in order to accept the "improvement of Russia's economic potential".
In a similar key, the Australians evaluate the activity of the Chinese, the method of which is called "assessment of the potential of resources and methods of their victory." The author of the additional note does not sound much like Beijing in imperial ambitions: behind these words, at one of the Chinese polar stations “there is a sign “We kindly ask you to go to China”, which tells about the right of the Kremlin and the recognition of the claims of Australia”.
It is obvious that in advance of the end of the moratorium on the species of brown copalins, the nervousness around Antarctica is less likely to be felt. For all that, in the minds of the light energy deficit of the fence for the exploration of the species of carbohydrates in the daytime, it is not too great. It is not included that a new agreement will be signed to prevent large-scale confrontations, as the order of work in Antarctica and on the її shelf will be regulated. The axis is only in Russia, better for everything, with whom there will be no more arguments, even if it’s another country.
Antarctica is the largest continent on Earth. The average height of the surface of the ice sheet curve is 2040 m, which is 2.8 times higher than the average height of the surface of the mainland (730 m). The average height of the main subsurface of Antarctica is 410 m.
For the views of the geological life and relief, Antarctica is subdivided into Skhidna and Zakhidna. On top of the ice sheet of Skhidnoy Antarctica, rising steeply from the coast, at the depths of the mainland it becomes even more horizontal; central, the most beautiful part, reaching 4000 m and is the head ice-maker, or the center of the icing of Skhidnaya Antarctica. At the Zakhidniy, three centers of icing zavvishki 2-2.5 yew. m. Uzdovzh uzberezhzhya is often stretched by great low-lying shelf ice-covered areas, two of which may be great expansions (Rosa - 538 thousand km 2, Filchner - 483 thousand km 2).
The relief of the main (substantial) surface of Skhidnoy Antarctica is to be lifted by deep depressions. Naiglybsha Skhidna Antarctica was planted for the day on the Knox Coast. The main events are the mountains of Gamburtseva. Chastkovo ice-covered Transantarctic Mountains. Western Antarctica folded. Burn more often to break through the ice curve, especially on the Antarctic breeding ground. The Sentinel Ridge near the Elsworth Mountains reaches a height of 5140 m (Winson massif). Naivescha point Antarctica In the middle proximity to the ridge there is the largest depression under the relief of Antarctica - 2555 m. Antarctica lies lower, lower in other continents (at a depth of 400-500 m).
Most of the mainland is filled with Precambrian Antarctic, as it is framed on the coast by Mesozoic folding spores (coastal areas and the Antarctic Pivostrіv). The Antarctic platform is heterogeneous in structural variation and diversity in different parts. Greater її at the borders of the shore of Skhidnoy Antarctica є Upper Archean crystalline foundation. The cover of the platform of warehouses of comrade r_znov_kovih (from Devon to crady) v_dkladen.
In Antarctica, genera have been found, signs of genera of mica, graphite, girsky crystal, beryl, as well as gold, molybdenum, midi, lead, zinc, and titanium have been established. The small number of genera is explained by the weak geological formation of the mainland and the strong ice cover. The prospects for the Antarctic overland are already great. This visnovok is based on the similarity of the Antarctic platform with the Gondwanan platforms of other continents in the Pivdennoy pivkul, as well as the coherence of the folded belt of Antarctica with the mountain spores.
The Antarctic ice-covered line, having been, perhaps, without interruption in the Neogene, then quickly, then increasing in the rise. In the present hour, the whole mainland is occupied by a tight ice curve, less than 0.2-0.3% of the total area of the mainland is free to ice. The average thickness of the ice is -1720 m, the total is 24 million km3, which is approximately 90% of the total amount of fresh water on the surface of the Earth. In Antarctica, all types of ice buildups grow - from the majestic ice buildup to the other navy and carous ice buildups. The Antarctic ice sheet slopes down into the ocean (behind the vineyards of small shores, stockpiled by bedrock), resting on a significant stretch of the shelf - floating on the water, flat slabs (thickness up to 700 m), which spiral at four points on the bottom of the bottom. The lowering of the sublime relief, which from the central regions of the mainland to the coast, is seen by the ice paths of the ocean. Leads in some of them are collapsing more, lower in other areas, cracked on unblocked blocks by systems of cracks. Tse vividni ice-makers, which are predicted by the mountain valley ice-makers, ale streams, as a rule, near the river banks. Eating ice-growing rahunoks, such as in all areas of the ice-growing curve, about 2200 km 3 are accumulating in the course of the rock. Vitrata of speech (ice) is considered to be the head rank after the vіdkol, the surface and the subdlіdne tannenya and the waters are even small. In the wake of the inconsistency, the warnings come, and especially vitra ice is indicated insufficiently accurately. Most of the records take the balance of speech in the ice-covered curve of Antarctica (before exact data is available) close to zero.
Uncovered by ice, the pits are on the surface of the slope, which penetrates into the deak, under the ice cover and to the bottom of the ocean.
An article about the difficulties of geological exploration. Provide information about the presence of brown copalins on the mainland.
Korisn_ kopalini Antarctica
Antarctica is a continent, which is the coldest, and at the same time full of mysteries, the mother of the Earth.
Mіstsevіst is completely covered with kirzhan kirka. The very reason for the fact that the reports about the copalins on this part of the land are very poor. Under the snow and the ice, the luggage will be spread:
- vugillya;
- zaliznyak;
- expensive metals;
- granite;
- crystal;
- nickel;
- titan.
Vuzki vіdomosti in the gallery of the geology of the continent can be true folds of the development of rozvіduvalnyh robіt.
Rice. 1. Geological exploration.
At the same time, low temperatures are poured into the body of the krizhan shell.
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Primary information about the purchase of minerals, ore deposits and expensive metals was taken away on the cob of the past century.
During this period itself, the layers of stone vugill were revealed in the distance.
Today, over two hundred points were found on the territory of Antarctica from deposits of saline ore and stone vugill. Ale only dvі mayut the status of a genus. The wording of species from these genera in the Antarctic minds of knowledge is unprofitable.
In Antarctica there are also copper, titanium, nickel, zirconium, chromium and cobalt. Expensive rolled out in the gold and silver veins.
Rice. 2. Zahidne uzberezhzhya of the Antarctic Pivostrov.
The stench is found on the West Coast of the Pivostrov. On the shelf of the Ross Sea, it was possible to know the gas in the distance, which is near the Sverdlovina for drilling. It is worth mentioning about those that natural gas can be deposited here, but it’s easy to install it accurately.
Geology of Antarctica
The geology of the mainland is such that maybe the entire area (99.7%) is tied to the ice, and the middle part of it is 1720 m-code.
For millions of years, it was so warm on the mainland that palm trees embellished its shores, and the temperature again exceeded 20 °.
On the Skhidniy Rivnin, there are drops from 300 m below the sea level to 300 m higher. Transantarctic mountain peaks span the entire continent and may be 4.5 km. height. Trochy lesser mountain range of the Land of the Queen Maud, which may be 1500 km. vzdovzh, and then we climb 3000 m uphill.
Rice. 3. Lands of the Queen Maud.
The Shmidt River has a vertical range of -2400 to +500 m. The Girsky ridge of Gamburtsev and Vernadsky May is 2500 km long.
The largest areas for species production of the region are located on the periphery of the continent. This is explained by the fact that the inner regions of Antarctica have been engulfed by an insignificant world, and the variously long-term consequences are condemned to failure through the significant distance from the shores.
What did we recognize?
Three stats have recognized that the land of Antarctica is rich with brown copalins. It was said that on the territory of the continent, lay vugill, granite, expensive metals, crystal, nickel, titanium, zaliznyak. We also found out that low temperatures make it easier to look for brown copalins.
Assessment of additional
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In mid-September 1953, the Radianian detachment took the decision to launch an expedition to Antarctica and set up its own permanent objects there. Antarctic stations open: Mirny, Oasis, Radyanska, Pionerska, Komsomolska, Pole of inaccessibility, Skhid. However, economic problems, cooling water from China and the USA, zmushu Khrushchov in 1961 signed an agreement on equal opportunities for all lands in the development of Antarctica. Vcheni have revealed in Antarctica the largest deposits of various ores, girsky crystal and carbohydrates. Prote agreement to carry out fencing in Antarctica, whether it be diyalnist, krim scientific. The search for resources is still going. The skin power, as a scientific station in Antarctica, under the cover of scientific research, is preparing a springboard for the possible species of brown copalins. In the rest of the hour, in the minds of the gradual increase in the syroving crisis, Antarctica began to create such lands as Belarus, Ukraine, Chile, Uruguay. Russia, the Crimea of brown copalins, Antarctica, as a single continent, without damage to humans, is of scientific interest, which allows to carry out an additional contribution of global warming to the climate of the planet. These are even more important, even if 70% of the territory of Russia is rebuying near the permafrost zone! Irrespective of those who were fenced in the Antarctic, the scientific stations brought greed to the Viyskians. The very same Russian seismologists in Antarctica took away reliable reports about the underground testing of nuclear bombs, which were carried out in Pivdenniy Africa. The great success of the Radyansk scientists was the discovery of the ice of the freshwater lake Skhid. Microorganisms that were saved there, a few million years, did not reduce contact with the most important medium and developed according to other laws. Tse maє colossal significance like medicine, so cosmic achievements.
At 2041, the term of the protocol on protection will end dovkilla, to add to the Antarctic Treaty of 1959 the fate that zaboraє a kind of resource of resources in Antarctica At that hour, all the resources of the planet will be depleted, and the powers of the world will rush to the sixth continent. Obviously, the priority will be for the rulers of the permanently stable polar bases. Russia lost a total of 4, at the same time, the financing of foreign bases grew by four times and continues to grow. In this rank, Russia, the full rights of the persovіdkrivach of Antarctica, is in danger of being deprived of the richest resources of the sixth continent.
Today, a lot of powers list their place on the Antarctic land: Great Britain, France, Norway, Chile, New Zealand, Argentina, Australia. Australia is the most aggressive country, as it regularly speaks in the United Nations with unsettled claims about the Antarctic shelf, which is one of the mainland's largest oil-bearing sites. The United States is unofficially reaffirming its plans to open the prospects for production of Antarctic oil as early as 2020. Actual futurologists are smart enough to blame themselves on the possible conflicts on which continent water resources, which do not hit the bags of densely populated continents
In Antarctica, there is not a single barrel of oil to be found. Praises from 1959 international treaty about Antarctica and the Madrid Protocol on the protection of the continent's most important medium, to protect the exploitation of the ancestral home with the method of removing commercial vigor. Ale, the US Geological Survey is pushing forward: potential reserves reach 6.5 billion tons, and natural gas - over 4 trillion cubic meters. m.
Scientific hypotheses about natural resources the icy continent was founded on the likeness of yogo budov with other parts of light, endowed with chimal linings with brown copalins. From the historical point of view, all imagine Antarctica to be part of the single ancient continent of Gondwana, from which all the continents of Pivdennoi pivkuli (Australia, most of Africa and Pivdennoi America, Arabian Peninsula, Indostan) have settled. Nature has generously endowed these lands with resources. On the so-called Gondwanan lands fall, zokrema, 60% of the luminous form of uranium, more than 50% - gold, more than 70% - diamonds. And how about oil, the deaks of the regions of Antarctica predict the oil genera of Venezuela, as at once borrowing a quarter from the world for the supply of energy.
Zavdyaks to the satellites know something about the underlying structure of the continent. The warehouse of the Antarctic land is rich in naphtha from the lands of the Arabian Pivostrov, which let us suggest: the local genera are not less for the near future, but it is possible to revisit them. Crimean oil and gas, in Antarctica there are genera of stone vugill, salmon, gold, silver, uranium, and zinc.
The production of used copalin from the point of view of the economy is extremely unprofitable;